Seroprevalence of low pathogenic avian influenza (H9N2) and associated risk factors in the Gyeonggi-do of Korea during 2005-2006

Between November 2005 and March 2006, a total of 253 poultry flocks in the Gyeonggi-do of Korea were examined for seroprevalence against avian influenza (AI) using a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and an agar gel precipitation test. No low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus was isolated from 47 seropositive flocks that lacked clinical signs during sampling. The unadjusted percentage of seroprevalence rates of layer and broiler flocks were not significantly different, i.e., 26% (25/96) and 23% (22/97), respectively. The HI titer of the layers (mean = 89) was higher than the broilers (mean = 36; p < 0.001). A cross-sectional study was conducted for the seroprevalence of LPAI in the layers. Of 7 risk factors, farms employing one or more workers had a higher seropositive prevalence as compared to farms without hired employees (adjusted prevalence OR = 11.5, p = 0.031). Layer flocks older than 400 d had higher seropositivity than flocks younger than 300 d (OR = 4.9, p = 0.017). The farmers recognized at least one of the clinical signs in seropositive flocks, such as decreased egg production, respiratory syndromes, and increased mortality (OR = 2.3, p = 0.082). In a matched case-control study, 20 pairs of case and control flocks matched for type of flock, hired employees, age, and flock size were compared. Frequent cleansing with disinfectants was associated with a decreased risk of seropositivity (OR = 0.2, p = 0.022). Although there was a low statistical association, using a foot disinfectant when entering the building led to a decreased rate of seropositivity (OR = 0.3, p = 0.105)

Insect Fauna of Island Gangwha-do with its nearby Islands, Incheon Metropolitan city, Korea

AbstractThis study was conducted to clarify the current status of insects of Is. Gangwha-do (Mt. Goryeo-san, 436 m) as well as some nearby islands (Is. Gyodong-do, Is. Boleum-do, Is. Jumun-do and Is. Seokmo-do (Mt. Haemyeong-san, 327 m)) through June and September, 2009. A total of 206 insects of 104 species of 38 families and 6 orders was investigated by this survey

Insect Fauna of Mt. Jang-san, Yeongwol-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea

AbstractAn entomofauna study of Jangsan Mountain (1,408.8 m) in Yeongwol-gun, Gangwon-do was carried out from April to September, 2010. The distribution of 384 species, 91 families and 12 orders was confirmed from the study area

Lepidopterous Insect Fauna of Gyeongju National Park in Korea

AbstractLepidopterous insect fauna of Gyeongju National Park, was investigated during 25-28 April and 10-11 August 2007, especially in Mt. Namsan Zone. In total, 150 species of 21 families belonging to Lepidoptera were identified through this study. Therefore, a total of 183 species under 25 families are recorded from Gyeongju National Park, including the previous studies

Depolarization Ratios Retrieved by AERONET Sun/Sky Radiometer Data and Comparison to Depolarization Ratios Measured With Lidar

© Author(s) 2017. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Noh, Y., Müller, D., Lee, K., Kim, K., Lee, K., Shimizu, A., Kim, S.-W., Sano, I., and Park, C. B.: Depolarization ratios retrieved by AERONET sun–sky radiometer data and comparison to depolarization ratios measured with lidar, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 6271-6290, doi:10.5194/acp-17-6271-2017, 2017.The linear particle depolarization ratios at 440, 675, 870, and 1020 nm were derived using data taken with the AERONET sun–sky radiometer at Seoul (37.45° N, 126.95° E), Kongju (36.47° N, 127.14° E), Gosan (33.29° N, 126.16° E), and Osaka (34.65° N, 135.59° E). The results are compared to the linear particle depolarization ratio measured by lidar at 532 nm. The correlation coefficient R2 between the linear particle depolarization ratio derived by AERONET data at 1020 nm and the linear particle depolarization ratio measured with lidar at 532 nm is 0.90, 0.92, 0.79, and 0.89 at Seoul, Kongju, Gosan, and Osaka, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the lidar-measured depolarization ratio at 532 nm and that retrieved by AERONET at 870 nm are 0.89, 0.92, 0.76, and 0.88 at Seoul, Kongju, Gosan, and Osaka, respectively. The correlation coefficients for the data taken at 675 nm are lower than the correlation coefficients at 870 and 1020 nm, respectively. Values are 0.81, 0.90, 0.64, and 0.81 at Seoul, Kongju, Gosan, and Osaka, respectively. The lowest correlation values are found for the AERONET-derived linear particle depolarization ratio at 440 nm, i.e., 0.38, 0.62, 0.26, and 0.28 at Seoul, Kongju, Gosan, and Osaka, respectively. We should expect a higher correlation between lidar-measured linear particle depolarization ratios at 532 nm and the ones derived from AERONET at 675 and 440 nm as the lidar wavelength is between the two AERONET wavelengths. We cannot currently explain why we find better correlation between lidar and AERONET linear particle depolarization ratios for the case that the AERONET wavelengths (675, 870, and 1020 nm) are significantly larger than the lidar measurement wavelength (532 nm). The linear particle depolarization ratio can be used as a parameter to obtain insight into the variation of optical and microphysical properties of dust when it is mixed with anthropogenic pollution particles. The single-scattering albedo increases with increasing measurement wavelength for low linear particle depolarization ratios, which indicates a high share of fine-mode anthropogenic pollution. In contrast, single-scattering albedo increases with increasing wavelength for high linear particle depolarization ratios, which indicated a high share of coarse-mode mineral dust particles. The retrieved volume particle size distributions are dominated by the fine-mode fraction if linear particle depolarization ratios are less than 0.15 at 532 nm. The fine-mode fraction of the size distributions decreases and the coarse-mode fraction of the size distribution increases for increasing linear particle depolarization ratio at 1020 nm. The dust ratio based on using the linear particle depolarization ratio derived from AERONET data is 0.12 to 0.17. These values are lower than the coarse-mode fraction derived from the volume concentrations of particle size distributions, in which case we can compute the coarse-mode fraction of dust.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Remineralization Property of an Orthodontic Primer Containing a Bioactive Glass with Silver and Zinc

White spot lesions (WSLs) are irreversible damages in orthodontic treatment due to excessive etching or demineralization by microorganisms. In this study, we conducted a mechanical and cell viability test to examine the antibacterial properties of 0.2% and 1% bioactive glass (BAG) and silver-doped and zinc-doped BAGs in a primer and evaluated their clinical applicability to prevent WSLs. The microhardness statistically significantly increased in the adhesive-containing BAG, while the other samples showed no statistically significant difference compared with the control group. The shear bond strength of all samples increased compared with that of the control group. The cell viability of the control and sample groups was similar within 24 h, but decreased slightly over 48 h. All samples showed antibacterial properties. Regarding remineralization property, the group containing 0.2% of the samples showed remineralization properties compared with the control group, but was not statistically significant; further, the group containing 1% of the samples showed a significant difference compared with the control group. Among them, the orthodontic bonding primer containing 1% silver-doped BAG showed the highest remineralization property. The new orthodontic bonding primer used in this study showed an antimicrobial effect, chemical remineralization effect, and WSL prevention as well as clinically applicable properties, both physically and biologically

Interferometric detection of prostate specific antigen based on enzyme immunoassay

AbstractInterferometric detection of Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) based on enzyme immunoassay are investigated. Refractive index changes of substrate are measured for PSA detection. Michelson scheme of optical interferometer was used so as to be applicable to a disposable fluidic chip. When interferometer is used for the measurements of refractive index changes, the detection is over 8 times more sensitive than that of absorbance changes for the same amount of target protein

Low Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma in Thigh

A low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor that has a tendency to develop in the deep soft tissue of young adults and the potential for local recurrence or distant metastasis. There have been several case reports and sporadic reports in the literature. However, only 1 case has been reported in Korea but without a follow-up result. We describe a 54-year-old female patient with a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma of the thigh that had been growing slowly for 34 years. A marginal resection of this tumor was performed. Currently, the patient is doing well without evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis at 5 years after surgery

Inter- and Intra-observer Reliability of MRI for Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation

Background: The authors analyzed inter- and intra-observer agreement with respect to interpretation of simple magnetic resonance T1- and T2-weighted axial and sagittal images for the diagnosis of lumbar lateral disc herniation, including foraminal and extraforaminal disc herniations.Methods: Forty-two patients in whom lumbar lateral disc herniation was suspected or confirmed by simple magnetic resonance imaging at one institute between May 2003 and December 2004 were included. The magnetic resonance images consisting of T1- and T2-weighted axial and sagittal images, and these were reviewed blindly and independently by three orthopaedic spine surgeons in a random manner. The images were interpreted as positive or negative for lateral disc herniation on 2 different occasions 3 months apart. Results were analyzed using Cohens kappa statistic, and strengths of agreements were determined using the Landis and Koch criteria.Results: The kappa values for inter-observer agreement averaged 0.234 (0.282, 0.111, and 0.308 respectively) on the first occasion, and 0.166 (0.249, 0.111, and 0.137 respectively) on the second occasion, with an overall mean value of 0.200. Thus, the strength of agreement was only slight-to-fair according to the Landis and Koch criteria. Kappa values for intra-observer agreement averaged 0.479 (0.488, 0.491, and 0.459 respectively), indicating moderate agreement.Conclusions: The present study indicates that simple magnetic resonance imaging is not a reliable imaging modality for diagnosing lumbar lateral disc herniation. Another imaging study with improved diagnostic values should be developed to diagnose this pathologic finding.Keywords: Lumbar lateral disc herniation, Inter-observer reliability, Intra-observer reliability, Magnetic resonance imagingOAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2009-01/102/0000004226/1SEQ:1PERF_CD:SNU2009-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000004226EMP_ID:A076317DEPT_CD:801FILENAME:E019T_CiOS-2009_Kim_Inter-and Intra-observer Reliability of MRI for Lumbar.pdfDEPT_NM:의학과EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:NCONFIRM:YCONFIRM: