Settlements of Neighboring Buildings During Piling Works

Two case histories of heavy damaging the neighbouring buildings in Sankt-Petersburg during construction the bored piles are presented. The analysis of causes of the damages has shown that ground inflow into the housing tubes due to low strength properties of water saturated liquid-plastic loams is the main cause of additional settlements of existing houses during construction the bored piles of large diameter close to them

The analysis of size-segregated cloud condensation nuclei counter (CCNC) data and its implications for cloud droplet activation

Ambient aerosol, CCN (cloud condensation nuclei) and hygroscopic properties were measured with a size-segregated CCNC (cloud condensation nuclei counter) in a boreal environment of southern Finland at the SMEAR (Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations) II station. The instrumental setup operated at five levels of supersaturation <i>S</i> covering a range from 0.1–1% and measured particles with a size range of 20–300 nm; a total of 29 non-consecutive months of data are presented. The median critical diameter <i>D</i>_c ranged from 150 nm at <i>S</i> of 0.1% to 46 nm at <i>S</i> of 1.0%. The median aerosol hygroscopicity parameter &kappa; ranged from 0.41 at <i>S</i> of 0.1% to 0.14 at <i>S</i> of 1.0%, indicating that ambient aerosol in Hyytiälä is less hygroscopic than the global continental or European continental averages. It is, however, more hygroscopic than the ambient aerosol in an Amazon rainforest, a European high Alpine site or a forested mountainous site. A fairly low hygroscopicity in Hyytiälä is likely a result of a large organic fraction present in the aerosol mass comparative to other locations within Europe. A considerable difference in particle hygroscopicity was found between particles smaller and larger than ~100 nm in diameter, possibly pointing out to the effect of cloud processing increasing &kappa; of particles > 100 nm in diameter. The hygroscopicity of the smaller, ~50 nm particles did not change seasonally, whereas particles with a diameter of ~150 nm showed a decreased hygroscopicity in the summer, likely resulting from the increased VOC emissions of the surrounding boreal forest and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. For the most part, no diurnal patterns of aerosol hygroscopic properties were found. Exceptions to this were the weak diurnal patterns of small, ~50 nm particles in the spring and summer, when a peak in hygroscopicity around noon was observed. No difference in CCN activation and hygroscopic properties was found on days with or without atmospheric new particle formation. During all seasons, except summer, a CCN-inactive fraction was found to be present, rendering the aerosol of 75–300 nm in diameter as internally mixed in the summer and not internally mixed for the rest of the year

ALGORITHM OF MULTIHARMONIC DISTURBANCE COMPENSATION IN LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH ARBITRARY DELAY: INTERNAL MODEL APPROACH

Subject of Research. The problem of multiharmonic disturbance compensation for the class of linear time-invariant plants with known parameters and delay is considered. Method. The disturbance is presented as unmeasurable output of linear autonomous model (exosystem) with known order and unknown parameters. The problem is resolved with the use of parametrized representation of disturbance designed by means of exosystem state observer and predictor of this state that finally enables applying certainty equivalence principle. In order to remove undesirable influence of delay a modified adaptation algorithm is created. The algorithm is based on augmentation of the plant state vector and generates advanced adjustable parameters for control. As distinct from widespread approaches, the proposed algorithm does not require identification of disturbance parameters and gives the possibility to remove such restrictions as adaptation gain margin and time delay margin. Main Results. Simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink environment are presented to demonstrate the performance of proposed approach. Results illustrate the boundness of all signals in the closed-loop system and complete compensation of harmonic signal. It is shown that the proposed idea makes it possible to increase the adaptation gain for different delays without system stability loss. Practical Relevance. The algorithm of adaptive compensation is recommended for the use in such problems as: the problem of control for active vibration protection devices wherein several dominating harmonics can be taken from the spectrum of vibration signal; the problems of control of robotics systems with periodical behavior; the problems of ship roll compensation; the problems of space plants control in the presence of uncontrollable rotation

THE USE OF NEW REAGENT KITS FOR DETECTION AND DESCRIPTION OF ADDITIONAL ALLELES

During the screening typing of recruited volunteers with Volga Federal District for unrelated hematopoietic stem cell registry on the loci (HLA)-A, B, DRB1, DRB345 in sample No 1758 identified a new allele at locus A. The use of basic kit AlleleSEQR HLA-A Sequencing in combination with HARP – A2F98A allowed to determine the genotype of this sample – А*30:01:01, a new allele А*25, В*13, 44, DRB1*03, 09, DRB3*02, DRB4*01

Structures of new acidic O-specific polysaccharides of the bacterium Proteus mirabilis serogroups O26 and O30

AbstractThe polysaccharide chains of the lipopolysaccharides of the Proteus mirabilis serogroups O26 and O30 were studied using sugar and methylation analysis and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy and rotating-frame NOE spectroscopy. The polysaccharides were found to be acidic due to the presence of d-galacturonic acid and its amide with l-lysine in serogroup O26 or d-glucuronic acid in serogroup O30, and the structures of their tetrasaccharide repeating units were established. The O26-specific polysaccharide is structurally and serologically related to the O-specific polysaccharide of P. mirabilis O28, which includes amides of d-GalA with l-lysine and l-serine [Radziejewska-Lebrecht, J. et al. (1995) Eur. J. Biochem. 230, 705–712]

Microarray Immunoassay Tests for Simultaneous Detection of Five Botulinum Toxins by Phosphorescence Analysis (PHOSPHAN)

Combination of multiplex microarray immunoassay tests and luminescent nanoparticle tags is considered as a promising approach to the development of highly sensitive, specific, and rapid methods of causative agent detection. Objective of this study was to develop and compare the sensitivity of the tests for simultaneous detection of five botulinic toxins (A,B,C,E,F) applying multiplex phosphorescence analysis (PHOSPHAN) using standard (Pt coproporphyrin tag-based) and modified (europium containing nanoparticles) systems of phosphorescent signal registration. Materials and methods. PHOSPHAN assay was performed in standard 96 well microplate. The toxoids added to the wells interacted with monospecific and polyvalent immunoglobulins printed as tiny spots on the bottom of each well, and with a mixture of the same antibodies conjugated to biotin. Analyzed anatoxin concentration range – 0.005 to 100 ng/ml. The reaction was manifested by streptavidin conjugated to either Pt coproporphyrin, or the luminescent nanoparticles. The luminescence of both tags was recorded in time-resolved mode by Biochip Analyzer. The limit of detection corresponded to a minimum toxoid concentration, at which the P/N ratio was equal or exceeded 2, while the number of such samples (in a series of 10-30 experiments) was no less than 50%. Results and conclusions. Both multiplex tests provided for simultaneous group-specific detection of five botulinum toxins with the option of type-specific (A, B, E) identification. No cross-reactivity was revealed. The use of phosphorescent nanoparticles allowed for the increase in detection sensitivity by an order of magnitude, up to 10 pg/ml. The tests developed could be recommended for specific detection and identification of botulinum toxins in clinical, environmental, and food samples

Human anti-D immunoglobulin preparations: potency standardisation milestones

Human anti-D immunoglobulin preparations derived from human immune plasma are much needed and highly effective for specific anti-D prevention of perinatal complications and treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia. The effectiveness of immune suppression is a direct function of the active ingredient dose received with the medicinal product. To improve the accuracy of anti-D antibody quantification, it is recommended to use certified reference materials with values assigned in international units (IUs). The aim of this study was to analyse the main stages in the development of the international standards (ISs) for human anti-D immunoglobulin potency testing and to substantiate the need for a national standard for anti-Rho(anti-D) antibody quantification. The article describes the creation of the first and subsequent ISs, the procedure for establishing the IU equivalent for the anti-Rho(anti-D) antibody concentration, the characteristics of the raw materials and preparations used, and the anti-Rho(anti-D) antibody assay methods applied to certify the ISs. According to the study conclusions, it is necessary to develop and certify a national standard for the content of anti-Rho(anti-D) antibodies that will meet the requirements of the corresponding Russian regulations

Immunogenetic characteristics of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors recruited in the Sverdlovsk, Saratov, Yaroslavl and Vladimir regions

Aim of the study was to investigate the distribution features of HLA alleles and multilocus haplotypes in potential donors of hematopoietic stem cells recruting in the Sverdlovsk, Saratov, Yaroslavl and Vladimir regions. Material and methods. Sequence Based Typing technology was used to identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 alleles from 2683 Russian unrelated bone marrow volunteers living in the Sverdlovsk (n = 1018), Saratov (n = 825), Yaroslavl (n = 604) and Vladimir (n = 236) regions. HLA allele and haplotype frequencies were estimated via maximum-likelihood analysis from genotypic data through an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for unknown gametic phase. Results and discussion. In all studied populations, 16 HLA-A, 13 HLA-C, 13 HLA-DRB1 alleles were selected. In the locus HLA-B, 28 alleles were detected in the populations of the Sverdlovsk and Yaroslavl regions, 27alleles – in the Saratov region, 25 alleles – in the Vladimir. Seventeen alleles, HLA-A*02, HLA-A*03, HLA-A*01, HLA-A*24, HLA-B*07, HLA-B*35, HLA-С*07, HLA-С*06, HLA-С*04, HLA-С*03, HLA-С*12, HLA-DRB1*15, HLA-DRB1*07, HLA-DRB1*01, HLA-DRB1*13, HLA-DRB1*04, HLA-DRB1*11 exhibit frequencies over 10 %. The highest frequency extended haplotype in the all studied populations HLA-A*01-B*08-C*07-DRB1*03, was observed frequencies of 4,4 % – in the Sverdlovsk region, 3,2 % – in the Saratov region, 4,9 % – in the Yaroslavl region and 4,2 % – in the Vladimir region. Routine HLA typing allowed us to define four new HLA alleles in the populations of the Sverdlovsk and Saratov region

Reconstruction of recombination sites in genomic structures of the strains of genotype 6 of hepatitis C virus

The encoded portion of the complete genomes of 46 strains of the genotype 6 of hepatitis C virus through bioinformatics RDP programs complex group of 6 recombinants strains was identified, in which 7 recombination sites were fixed. Strains correspond to the three-recombinant HCV subtypes: 6a, 6b and 61. For each of the identified recombinant we defined parent strains from which they can be obtained. Three recombinants were obtained from parent strains of the same subtype (homologous inside subgenotypic recombination). For the remaining three recombinants parent strains were members of three different subtypes (between subgenotypic recombination).In one strain we identified a unique recombination site in a highly conservative NS3 gene. Most of the recombination sites occurred in the region of the structural genes C, E1 and E2, and in the area of non-structural genes NS5a and NS5b.In the recombinant strain DQ480518-6a two recombination site were identified. One site is located in the structural and nonstructural genes (E2 + NS1 + NS2), and a second one in non-structural region. Dimensions of recombination sites can vary from 86 to 1072 nucleotide bases. The study identified "hot spots" of recombination in the strains of genotype 6 of hepatitis C virus. The recombinants were found in the population of the three countries: the United States (from the serum of an immigrant), Hong Kong and China

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ НОВЫХ НАБОРОВ РЕАГЕНТОВ ДЛЯ ВЫЯВЛЕНИЯ И ОПИСАНИЯ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫХ АЛЛЕЛЕЙ

During the screening typing of recruited volunteers with Volga Federal District for unrelated hematopoietic stem cell registry on the loci (HLA)-A, B, DRB1, DRB345 in sample No 1758 identified a new allele at locus A. The use of basic kit AlleleSEQR HLA-A Sequencing in combination with HARP – A2F98A allowed to determine the genotype of this sample – А*30:01:01, a new allele А*25, В*13, 44, DRB1*03, 09, DRB3*02, DRB4*01. В ходе проведения скринингового типирования потенциальных доноров гемопоэтических стволовых клеток, проживающих на территории Приволжского федерального округа, по локусам (HLA)-A, B, DRB1, DRB345 у образца No 1758 выявлен новый аллель по локусу А. Использование базовых наборов реагентов AlleleSEQR HLA-А Sequencing в сочетании с HARP – A2F98A позволило установить генотип указанного образца – А*30:01:01, новый аллель А*25, В*13, 44, DRB1*03, 09, DRB3*02, DRB4*01.