Comportamento sedent?rio de adolescentes da regi?o metropolitana de Belo Horizonte e sua associa??o com caracter?sticas individuais e da vizinhan?a - Estudo Sa?de Urbana em Vespasiano.

Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de e Nutri??o. Escola de Nutri??o, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Introdu??o: O ritmo acelerado de urbaniza??o tem ocasionado mudan?as no modo de vida das pessoas e, consequentemente, nas condi??es de sa?de das popula??es e seus determinantes. Assume-se que, al?m das caracter?sticas individuais, tamb?m as caracter?sticas do local de resid?ncia, ou seja, do ambiente f?sico e social da vizinhan?a, contribuem no entendimento de h?bitos que interferem na sa?de, a exemplo, o comportamento sedent?rio. O comportamento sedent?rio contempla atividades com gasto energ?tico ? 1,5 equivalentes metab?licos, realizadas quando o indiv?duo est? acordado em postura sentada ou reclinada. Objetivos: Avaliar a associa??o entre comportamento sedent?rio em adolescentes (11 a 17 anos) vivendo em uma ?rea urbana e caracter?sticas individuais e relacionadas ? percep??o do ambiente f?sico e social da vizinhan?a. M?todos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, aninhado ao ?Estudo Sa?de Urbana em Vespasiano?, inqu?rito domiciliar de base populacional realizado no munic?pio de Vespasiano, Minas Gerais, em 2015-2016. Foi feita amostragem probabil?stica, contemplando tr?s est?gios de sele??o: setores censit?rios; domic?lios; e cotas proporcionais para a popula??o adulta. No domic?lio do adulto entrevistado, todos os adolescentes foram convidados para participar da pesquisa. O desfecho, comportamento sedent?rio, foi autorrelatado pelo adolescente e mensurado por meio do tempo de exposi??o a telas (televis?o, computador e v?deo game) superior a duas horas por dia. A associa??o do comportamento sedent?rio com vari?veis da percep??o do adulto sobre o ambiente f?sico e social da vizinhan?a, caracter?sticas sociodemogr?ficas, estilo de vida, comportamentos de risco e sa?de foi estimada pela regress?o de Poisson com vari?ncia robusta. Quatro modelos distintos foram propostos para entender a influ?ncia das vari?veis da vizinhan?a. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 374 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 11 a 17 anos. A preval?ncia de comportamento sedent?rio foi 74,6%. Maior tempo de tela foi associado ? presen?a de ?rvores que deixam o ambiente agrad?vel, mesmo ap?s o ajuste pelas caracter?sticas individuais (RP = 1,10; IC90%: 1,01-1,21). A combina??o da aus?ncia de ?rvores que deixam o ambiente agrad?vel e aus?ncia de seguran?a para caminhar durante o dia associou-se ? exposi??o maior que duas horas por dia de comportamento sedent?rio, mesmo ap?s ajuste das caracter?sticas individuais (RP = 1,13; IC90%: 1,01-1,27). Os dom?nios sociodemogr?fico, estilo de vida e comportamentos de risco foram associados com maior tempo de tela. Conclus?o: O estudo evidenciou elevada preval?ncia de tempo de tela entre os adolescentes e que caracter?sticas individuais e da vizinhan?a foram associadas. Esses resultados sugerem que tanto a??es no n?vel individual quanto do contexto, ou seja, do ambiente f?sico e social da vizinhan?a, devem ser consideradas no estudo sobre comportamento sedent?rio entre adolescentes de ?reas urbanas.Introduction: The rapid pace of urbanization has brought changes in people's way of life and, consequently, changes in the populations? health conditions and their determinants. It is assumed that, besides individual attributes, also characteristics of the place of residence, that is, of the physical and social environment of the neighborhood, contribute to the understanding of habits that interfere with health, for example, sedentary behavior. Sedentary behavior includes activities with energy expenditure ?1.5 metabolic equivalents, when the individual is awake in a sitting or reclining posture. Objectives: To evaluate the association between sedentary behavior in adolescents (11 to 17 years old) living in an urban area and individual attributes and characteristics related to perceived physical and social environment of the neighborhood. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study nested to "Vespasiano Urban Health Study", a population-based household survey conducted in Vespasiano, Minas Gerais, in 2015-2016. Probabilistic sampling was carried out, considering three stages of selection: census tracts; households; and proportional shares for the adult population. At the adult household interviewed, all adolescents were invited to participate in the research. The outcome, sedentary behavior, was self-reported by the adolescent and measured by time of exposure (television, computer and video game) over two hours per day. The association of the sedentary behavior with adult perceptions about the physical and social environment of the neighborhood, sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, behavior risk, and health variables was estimated by Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: A total of 374 adolescents of both sexes, between the ages of 11 and 17 participated in the study. The prevalence of screen time was 74.6%. Longer screen time has been associated with the presence of trees that leave the environment pleasant, even after adjusting the individual characteristics (PR = 1.10; 90% 90%CI: 1.01-1.21). The combination of the absence of trees that leave the environment pleasant and lack of safety to walk during the day was associated with exposure of more than two hours per day of sedentary behavior, even after adjustment of the individual characteristics (PR = 1.13; 90%CI: 1.01-1.27). Sociodemographic, lifestyle and risk behaviors domains were associated with more screen time. Conclusion: The study evidenced a high prevalence of screen time among the adolescents and that individual and neighborhood characteristics were associated to sedentary behavior. These results suggest that both individual and contextual actions, that is, the physical and social environment of the neighborhood, should be considered in the study on sedentary behavior among adolescents living in urban areas

Are neighborhood characteristics associated with sedentary behavior in adolescents? : a systematic review.

Sedentary behavior (SB) has emerged as a potential risk factor for chronic diseases. SB includes activities requiring low energy expenditure (?1.5 metabolic equivalents) performed in a sitting or reclining posture. Our study aimed to gather evidence on the association between SB outcomes in adolescents (10?19 years) and neighborhood characteristics. This systematic review (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018076877) examined studies indexed in PubMed Central?, LILACS, ScienceDirect, and SPORTDiscus databases. Sixteen articles were included. Insecurity during daytime hours, crime incidence, physical and social disorders, a higher neighborhood socioeconomic level, and time spent with peers were associated with higher levels of SB. Traffic, availability of a favorable environment for physical activity, and higher residential density were associated with lower levels of SB. Despite great variability in the SB cutoff points and methodology used for evaluating SB and neighborhood characteristics among studies, the evidence suggests that adolescent SB might be influenced by neighborhood characteristics

Associations of the perceived neighborhood environment and screen time in adolescents living in a medium-sized city in Brazil : a cross-sectional study.

Individual attributes have been investigated to explain sedentary behavior. However, few studies have evaluated this association at the neighborhood level. This study aimed to determine the association between screen time (ST) among adolescents and perceived neighborhood characteristics. This cross-sectional study was conducted using a multistage household survey in Vespasiano, Brazil, in 2015?2016. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between the adolescent self-reported ST (television, computer, and video game > 2 h/day) and neighborhood characteristics (green space, sidewalk maintenance, street lighting, social disorder, safety during the day, and risk of violence) reported by an adult. Four hundred and twenty-three adolescents aged 11?17 participated in the study. ST was reported by 74.0% of the adolescents. After adjustment for confounder variables, neighborhood characteristics did not remain associated with ST. The results evidence no associations between ST among adolescents and perceived neighborhood environment and indicate the need for future studies of this relation