2 research outputs found

    Development of Lightweight Concrete Interlocking Block Panel with Water Treatment Sludge and Expanded Metal Ferrocement

    Get PDF
    An innovative lightweight concrete interlocking block panel was developed to improve the lateral resistance of the infilled frame with green construction material.  The water treatment sludge obtained from Bang Khen water treatment plants was employed to replace the fine aggregate.   The lightweight concrete interlocking block panel was strengthened with ferrocement technique and expanded metal sheet.  Three sets of the strengthened block panels with various sizes of expanded mental were investigated: concrete block panel, interlocking block panel with thin bed adhesive mortar, interlocking block panel with thick bed cement mortar.   The concrete with mixed proportion of cement, sand, water, foaming agent, and sludge of 1:0.70:0.60:0.006:0.30 by weight was suitable for producing the lightweight concrete block according to the Thai Industrial Standard.  The compressive strength test of masonry prisms and the diagonal tension (shear) test were conducted for the three sets of the strengthened block panels.  The test results reveal that the interlocking block was superior to the conventional concrete block in terms of strength and ductility capacity due to the effect of interlocking between the block.  The shear key with thick bed cement mortar is more effective than the thin bed adhesive mortar typically used in the construction of lightweight concrete

    āļāļēāļĢāļĢāļ°āļšāļēāļĒāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļĢāđˆāļāļĢāļ°āļˆāļēāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ‚āļĨāļŦāļ°āđƒāļ™āļāļļāđˆāļ™āļˆāļēāļāļ­āļļāļ•āļŠāļēāļŦāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļ›āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ”āļīāļ™āđ€āļœāļēEmission and Dispersion of Metals in Particulate Matter from Pottery Industry

    No full text
    āļšāļ—āļ„āļąāļ”āļĒāđˆāļ­Â āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ”āđ‡āļ™āļŠāļīāđˆāļ‡āđāļ§āļ”āļĨāđ‰āļ­āļĄāđƒāļ™āļ­āļļāļ•āļŠāļēāļŦāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļ›āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ”āļīāļ™āđ€āļœāļēāđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļģāļ„āļąāļ āļ„āļ·āļ­ āļ‚āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ•āļ­āļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļœāļēāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ‚āļēāļ”āļĢāļ°āļšāļšāļ„āļ§āļšāļ„āļļāļĄāļĄāļĨāļžāļīāļĐ āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āļ­āļēāļˆāļŠāđˆāļ‡āļœāļĨāļāļĢāļ°āļ—āļšāļ•āđˆāļ­āļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļžāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļīāđˆāļ‡āđāļ§āļ”āļĨāđ‰āļ­āļĄ āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļīāđ€āļ„āļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđŒāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļĄāļ‚āđ‰āļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļāļļāđˆāļ™āđāļĨāļ°āđ‚āļĨāļŦāļ°āđƒāļ™āļāļļāđˆāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĢāļ°āļšāļēāļĒāļ­āļ­āļāļˆāļēāļāļ‚āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ•āļ­āļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļœāļēāļ—āļĩāđˆāđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ„āļĄāđ‰āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļžāļĨāļīāļ‡āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļĢāđˆāļāļĢāļ°āļˆāļēāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļĢāļĄāļĨāļžāļīāļĐāđƒāļ™āļšāļĢāļĢāļĒāļēāļāļēāļĻāļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāđāļšāļšāļˆāļģāļĨāļ­āļ‡ AERMOD āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļāđ‚āļĢāļ‡āļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļ›āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ”āļīāļ™āđ€āļœāļēāđāļŦāđˆāļ‡āļŦāļ™āļķāđˆāļ‡āđƒāļ™āļ­āļģāđ€āļ āļ­āđ€āļĄāļ·āļ­āļ‡ āļˆāļąāļ‡āļŦāļ§āļąāļ”āļĢāļēāļŠāļšāļļāļĢāļĩ āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļāļĢāļ“āļĩāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āļ•āļąāļ§āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļāļļāđˆāļ™āļ–āļđāļāđ€āļāđ‡āļšāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ›āļĨāđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĢāļ°āļšāļēāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ•āļēāđ€āļœāļēāļ•āļĨāļ­āļ”āļ‚āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ•āļ­āļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļœāļē āļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™ 2 āļĢāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāļœāļĨāļīāļ• āđāļĨāļ°āļ§āļīāđ€āļ„āļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđŒāļ›āļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļ“āļāļļāđˆāļ™āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļ§āļīāļ˜āļĩāļāļĢāļēāļ§āļīāđ€āļĄāļ•āļĢāļīāļ āļˆāļēāļāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ§āļīāđ€āļ„āļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđŒāļ›āļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļ“āđ‚āļĨāļŦāļ°āđƒāļ™āļāļļāđˆāļ™āļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļŦāļĄāļ” 15 āļŠāļ™āļīāļ” āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ ICP-OES āļœāļĨāļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļĄāļ‚āđ‰āļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļāļļāđˆāļ™āđ€āļ‰āļĨāļĩāđˆāļĒ āđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļāļąāļš 131 āļĄāļīāļĨāļĨāļīāļāļĢāļąāļĄāļ•āđˆāļ­āļĨāļđāļāļšāļēāļĻāļāđŒāđ€āļĄāļ•āļĢ āđāļĨāļ°āļžāļšāđ‚āļĨāļŦāļ° 8 āļŠāļ™āļīāļ” āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđāļāđˆ Fe Al Zn Mg Ni Cr Mn āđāļĨāļ° Cu āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļœāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļ„āļēāļ”āļāļēāļĢāļ“āđŒāļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāđāļšāļšāļˆāļģāļĨāļ­āļ‡ āļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āļāļļāđˆāļ™āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļĢāđˆāļāļĢāļ°āļˆāļēāļĒāļŠāļ­āļ”āļ„āļĨāđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļšāļœāļąāļ‡āļĨāļĄāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļžāļ·āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļžāļšāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļĄāļ‚āđ‰āļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļāļļāđˆāļ™āļŠāļđāļ‡āļŠāļļāļ” 24 āļŠāļąāđˆāļ§āđ‚āļĄāļ‡ (āđ€āļ‰āļĨāļĩāđˆāļĒāļŠāļ­āļ‡āļĢāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāļœāļĨāļīāļ•) āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļāļīāļ™āļ„āđˆāļēāļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļ™āļāļļāđˆāļ™āļĨāļ°āļ­āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ™āļēāļ”āđ€āļĨāđ‡āļ (PM10) āđƒāļ™āļšāļĢāļĢāļĒāļēāļāļēāļĻ āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļŦāļ°āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ­āļąāļ™āļ•āļĢāļēāļĒ (Cr Mn āđāļĨāļ° Ni) āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļāļīāļ™āđ€āļāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāđˆāļ‡āļœāļĨāļ•āđˆāļ­āļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļžAbstractOne of the critical environmental issue of a local pottery production industry is an air pollution emission from burning process without control systems. This may seriously cause health and environmental impacts. This study analyzed particulate matter (PM) concentration and its metal composition released from the wood-fueled burning process of the pottery production. Prediction of the pollutants dispersion was also performed using AERMOD model. A pottery factory in Muang district, Ratchaburi province was selected as a case study. PM sampling was performed at stack’s furnace throughout the burning process in two production cycles. PM were quantified by means of gravimetric method. A number of 15 metal elements in PM were then analyzed by using the ICP-OES instrument. The results found that averaged PM emission was 131 mg/m3. There were totally 8 metal species found as follow: Fe, Al, Zn, Mg, Ni, Cr, Mn and Cu. The model’s dispersion estimations showed PM alignments agreed with wind roses of the study area. The 24-hours-highest PM concentration (averaged both of the two production cycles) and the hazardous metals – Cr, Mn and Ni – were found below the national ambient PM10 standard and health related guidelines, respectively
    corecore