ANTI-PSYCHOTIC ACTIVITY OF PYRUS COMMUNIS JUICE

Objective: The present study aim to investigate the anti-psychotic potential of pyrus communis in the rodents.Methods: The fresh juice of pyrus communis (Pear) was administered orally to rodents for 21 d and the anti-psychotic activity was assessed by in vitro methods viz ketamine induced stereotypic behaviour, pole climbing avoidance in rats and swim induced grooming behaviour experimental models. The biochemical estimation was done on 21 d.Results: The different concentrations of fresh pyrus communis juice was assayed. When pyrus communis juice (PCJ) was administered chronically for 21 d remarkably decreased ketamine induced falling, head-bobbing, weaving and turning counts. Administration of Pear juice significantly delayed the latency time taken by the animals to climb the pole in Cook's pole climb apparatus. In swim induced grooming behaviour model, Pear juice significantly reduced swim induced grooming behaviour. Moreover, Pear juice significantly decreased the brain dopamine levels and inhibited acetyl cholinesterase activity. In the present study, Pear juice significantly enhanced reduced glutathione levels in the brains of mice, thereby reflecting enhanced scavenging of free radicals and in turn preventing occurrence of psychotic attack.Conclusion: The present study revealed that pyrus communis juice possessed significant anti-psychotic activity

Emerging Role of Flavonoids as the Treatment of Depression

Depression is one of the most frequently observed psychological disorders, affecting thoughts, feelings, behavior and a sense of well-being in person. As per the WHO, it is projected to be the primitive cause of various other diseases by 2030. Clinically, depression is treated by various types of synthetic medicines that have several limitations such as side-effects, slow-onset action, poor remission and response rates due to complicated pathophysiology involved with depression. Further, clinically, patients cannot be given the treatment unless it affects adversely the job or family. In addition, synthetic drugs are usually single targeted drugs. Unlike synthetic medicaments, there are many plants that have flavonoids and producing action on multiple molecular targets and exhibit anti-depressant action by affecting multiple neuronal transmissions or pathways such as noradrenergic, serotonergic, GABAnergic and dopaminergic; inhibition of monoamine oxidase and tropomyosin receptor kinase B; simultaneous increase in nerve growth and brain-derived neurotrophic factors. Such herbal drugs with flavonoids are likely to be useful in patients with sub-clinical depression. This review is an attempt to analyze pre-clinical studies, structural activity relationship and characteristics of reported isolated flavonoids, which may be considered for clinical trials for the development of therapeutically useful antidepressant

A recent review on developed analytical methods for detection of curcumin

Curcumin is a natural yellow pigmented phytoconstituent isolated from the powdered rhizome of Curcuma longa linn belongs to family Zinzieberacea. Curcuma longa linn is commonly known as turmeric (Haldi), a well-known Indian spice used as a traditional medicine from ancient era. In literature, there are different analytical methods for detection of curcumin such as HPLC, UPLC and LC-MS/MS. It contains a mixture of different phytoconstituents, therefore it is problematic to separate, identify and isolate pure curcumin from Curcuma longa linn. Hence, in the present review article we have tried to summarize the important analytical parameters required to analyze the curcumin compound in Curcuma longa linn. as it can help the authors to find out best readings to for identification and isolation of curcumin. This review gives a combined study of various analytical methods used for detection of curcumin with retention time, methods used, column used, wavelength, LOD, LOQ etc using different types of well-established HPLC, LCMS, UPLC methods which can be used for isolation, identification and quantitative estimation of curcumin in Curcuma longa linn