Exact solution of Kerr black hole perturbations via CFT2 and instanton counting: Greybody factor, quasinormal modes, and Love numbers

We give explicit expressions for the finite frequency greybody factor, quasinormal modes, and Love numbers of Kerr black holes by computing the exact connection coefficients of the radial and angular parts of the Teukolsky equation. This is obtained by solving the connection problem of the confluent Heun equation in terms of the explicit expression of irregular Virasoro conformal blocks as sums over partitions via the Alday, Gaiotto, and Tachikawa correspondence. In the relevant approximation limits our results are in agreement with existing literature. The method we use can be extended to solve the linearized Einstein equation in other interesting gravitational backgrounds

Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for predicting the phospholipid fraction and the total fatty acid composition of freeze-dried beef

Research on fatty acids (FA) is important because their intake is related to human health. NIRS can be a useful tool to estimate the FA of beef but due to the high moisture and the high absorbance of water makes it difficult to calibrate the analyses. This work evaluated near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy as a tool to assess the total fatty acid composition and the phospholipid fraction of fatty acids of beef using freeze-dried meat. An average of 22 unrelated pure breed young bulls from 15 European breeds were reared on a common concentrate-based diet. A total of 332 longissimus thoracis steaks were analysed for fatty acid composition and a freeze-dried sample was subjected to near-infrared spectral analysis. 220 samples (67%) were used as a calibration set with the remaining 110 (33%) being used for validation of the models obtained. There was a large variation in the total FA concentration across the animals giving a good data set for the analysis and whilst the coefficient of variation was nearly 68% for the monounsaturated FA it was only 27% for the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). PLS method was used to develop the prediction models. The models for the phospholipid fraction had a low R2 p and high standard error, while models for neutral lipid had the best performance, in general. It was not possible to obtain a good prediction of many individual PUFA concentrations being present at low concentrations and less variable than other FA. The best models were developed for Total FA, saturated FA, 9c18:1 and 16:1 with R2 p greater than 0.76. This study indicates that NIRS is a feasible and useful tool for screening purposes and it has the potential to predict most of the FA of freeze-dried beef. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for predicting the phospholipid fraction and the total fatty acid composition of freeze-dried beef

Peer reviewe

Relations between animal, carcass and meat characteristics across 15 European breeds

Publishe

Probing Tectonic Topography in the Aftermath of Continental Convergence in Central Europe

Continental topography is at the interface of processes taking place at depth in the Earth,at its surface,and above it.Topography influences society, not only in terms of slow processes of landscape change and earthquakes,but also in terms of how it affects climate.The Pannonian Basin–Carpathian Orogen System in Central and Eastern Europe represents a key natural laboratory for the development of a new generation of models for ongoing orogeny and its effect on continental topography development (Figure 1).This system comprises some of the best documented sedimentary basins in the world,located within the Alpine orogenic belt, at the transition between the western European lithosphere and the East European Craton. It includes one of the most active seismic zones in Europe,with intermediate depth (50–220 km) mantle earthquakes of significant magnitude occurring in a geographically restricted area in the Vrancea zone of southeastern Romania

El uso de correspondencias múltiples como herramienta para el estudio de la calidad de la carne de ternera: análisis de un caso utilizando animales de la raza Parda de Montaña

The present study shows the usefulness of a multivariate technique -correspondence analysis-- for simultaneously representing continuous and categorical variables in graphical form. A comparison was made of the results of sensory tests of beef quality performed by a trained panel and by consumers. The latter included the collection of data to produce consumers profiles and the recording of a number of consumers habits. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated independently for the variables measured in both the panel and consumer tests. Two correspondence analyses were then performed: the first one involving the consumer profiles and the values of the variables measured in the consumer test, the second one to determine the relationships between the panel and consumer test scores. In the plot corresponding to the first analysis, the two axes accounted for 52.2% of the inertia and showed that age did not have an important effect on any measured variable. Consumers previous experience has been shown to be an important factor defining consumer liking of the product. In the plot for the second analysis the two axes accounted for 82.3% of the inertia and showed that there was no correspondence between overall consumer liking of the product and any of the panel variables. These results therefore suggest that the panel test is not a good predictor of consumer behaviour.El presente estudio muestra la utilidad de una técnica multivariante, el análisis de correspondencias múltiples, para representar gráficamente de manera conjunta variables categóricas y continuas. Para ello se compararon los resultados obtenidos por un panel entrenado con los resultados dados por un grupo de consumidores, ambos con las mismas muestras de carne de ternera. La prueba de consumidores incluyó el perfil del consumidor y una breve encuesta sobre sus hábitos de consumo. Se calcularon correlaciones de Spearman de manera independiente para las variables utilizadas con el panel entrenado y las variables empleadas en la prueba de consumidores. Se realizaron dos análisis de correspondencias: el primero incluía el perfil del consumidor y los valores de las variables medidas en la prueba de consumidores; el segundo se utilizó para determinar la relación entre las notas dadas por el panel y las dadas por los consumidores. En el gráfico correspondiente al primer análisis, los dos ejes explicaron el 52,2% de la inercia y mostró que la edad no tiene un efecto significativo sobre ninguna de las variables medidas, mientras que la experiencia previa del consumidor fue una variable importante a la hora de definir la aceptación del producto por parte del consumidor. En el gráfico correspondiente al segundo análisis, los dos ejes explicaron el 82,3% de la inercia y mostró que no hay correlación entre las notas de apreciación global dadas por los consumidores y ninguna de las variables medidas por el panel. Estos resultados sugieren que el panel entrenado no es un buen predictor del comportamiento del consumidor

The use of single sensors in seismic acquisition

Civil Engineering and Geoscience

The spatial data-adaptive minimum-variance distortionless-response beamformer on seismic single-sensor data

Coherent noise generated by surface waves or ground roll within a heterogeneous near surface is a major problem in land seismic data. Array forming based on single-sensor recordings might reduce such noise more robustly than conventional hardwired arrays. We use the minimum-variance distortionless-response (MVDR) beamformer to remove (aliased) surface-wave energy from single-sensor data. This beamformer is data adaptive and robust when the presumed and actual desired signals are mismatched. We compute the intertrace covariance for the desired signal, and then for the total signal (desired signal+noise) to obtain optimal weights. We use the raw data of only one array for the covariance of the total signal, and the wavenumber-filtered version of a full seismic single-sensor record for the covariance of the desired signal. In the determination of optimal weights, a parameter that controls the robustness of the beamformer against an arbitrary desired signal mismatch has to be chosen so that the results are optimal. This is similar to stabilization in deconvolution problems. This parameter needs to be smaller than the largest eigenvalue provided by the singular value decomposition of the presumed desired signal covariance. We compare results of MVDR beamforming with standard array forming on single-sensor synthetic and field seismic data. We apply 2D and 3D beamforming and show prestack and poststack results. MVDR beamformers are superior to conventional hardwired arrays for all examples.GeotechnologyCivil Engineering and Geoscience