Grass Vegetation Dynamics in Wetlands with Different Utilization

The land-use patterns, combined with the biotic interactions, are likely to substantially affect the grass community of tropical wetlands. However, we need more information to understand the vegetation cover and, particularly, the diversity of grasses in the protected sites, where the naturally occurring interactions with extreme complexity. Hence a thorough understanding of these interactive effects on grass dynamics would help develop wildlife management guidelines to predict the grass-woody herbs and other associated vegetation. In light of this, a beta vegetation survey and diversity analysis in two varying wetland ecosystems of natural mountain streams and temporary ponds. Grass communities occurred along the Pambar and Thalayar natural freshwater streams of south Western Ghats, Theni District, Tamil Nadu, and desiccate benthic surfaces and the raised bunds of three adjoining ephemeral Bird Sanctuary Ponds, situated in Sivagangi District, Tamil Nadu, India. Here, the result obtained from the vegetation survey, Sorenson\u27s similarity analysis, Margleaf\u27s richness index and biodiversity indices. Many grass communities make the riparian habitat with a higher ratio of grass to woody and a lesser proportion of grass to herbaceous vegetation. Fewer grass species were encountered in the temporary pond habitats, spreading to a small area and experiencing anthropogenic pressures besides the migrating birds\u27 interactive feature. Higher and lower Sorenson\u27s similarity coefficient values were found in riparian and temporary pond habitats, respectively. Long-term studies of co-existing grasses and associated woody vegetation help inform similar tropical wetlands concerning the existing environmental and biological interactions for maintaining ecological health associated with native biodiversity

Grass Vegetation Dynamics in Wetlands with Different Utilization

The land-use patterns, combined with the biotic interactions, are likely to substantially affect the grass community of tropical wetlands. However, we need more information to understand the vegetation cover and, particularly, the diversity of grasses in the protected sites, where the naturally occurring interactions with extreme complexity. Hence a thorough understanding of these interactive effects on grass dynamics would help develop wildlife management guidelines to predict the grass-woody herbs and other associated vegetation. In light of this, a beta vegetation survey and diversity analysis in two varying wetland ecosystems of natural mountain streams and temporary ponds. Grass communities occurred along the Pambar and Thalayar natural freshwater streams of south Western Ghats, Theni District, Tamil Nadu, and desiccate benthic surfaces and the raised bunds of three adjoining ephemeral Bird Sanctuary Ponds, situated in Sivagangi District, Tamil Nadu, India. Here, the result obtained from the vegetation survey, Sorenson\u27s similarity analysis, Margleaf\u27s richness index and biodiversity indices. Many grass communities make the riparian habitat with a higher ratio of grass to woody and a lesser proportion of grass to herbaceous vegetation. Fewer grass species were encountered in the temporary pond habitats, spreading to a small area and experiencing anthropogenic pressures besides the migrating birds\u27 interactive feature. Higher and lower Sorenson\u27s similarity coefficient values were found in riparian and temporary pond habitats, respectively. Long-term studies of co-existing grasses and associated woody vegetation help inform similar tropical wetlands concerning the existing environmental and biological interactions for maintaining ecological health associated with native biodiversity

Beta Macrophyta Diversity Analysis in the Temporary Pond Habitats of Vettangudi Birds Sanctuary

Three temporary ponds of Vettangudi birds sanctuary situate in very close proximity, located in Sivaganga District, Tamil Nadu state of India. However similar eco-climatic conditions prevailing at these pond habitat, those ponds experience the varying nature of biotic interactions. Since the habitat conditions and their land-use pattern have the major role on the vegetation diversity. Temporary ponds of Vettangudi Birds Sanctuary has the characteristic alternate drying and inundation at varying levels and this environmental condition in addition to the biotic influence over the habitat ecology and its vegetation diversity. Understanding this specific relationship is pivotal in the development of management guidelines in the pond habitat and wildlife management. The aim was to investigate the floristic composition and diversity analysis of the floor vegetation of benthic and shore-line of temporary ponds of Vetttangudi Birds Sanctuary in four different seasons in a year. A wide range of Sorenson’s similarity index was found existed among the experimental ponds. Margleaf’s richness index values were also observed with variations and the occurrence of floristic composition and their diversity variations were attempted to relate with the prevalent habitat conditions, experienced with varying kind of biotic influence

Morphological Variability Potential of \u3cem\u3eCenchrus ciliaris\u3c/em\u3e L. Ecotypes on Their Phytochemical Substances and Antibacterial Activities

Ecotypes are population of same species with different races, which is adapted to local environment Different ecotypes of a particular species may differ in their edaphic, biotic or microclimatic requirements (Linhart and Grant, 1996; Eppela et al., 2013) and such adaptation either become irreversible or genetically fixed variations. Cenchrus ciliaris L. (Tam: kollukottaipul, Eng. buffel grass, Sans: anjan grass) is a grass belonging to the family Poaceae and ephemeral in nature. In this species, habitat plays a significant role in the formation of ecotypes and several ecotypes are found in Cenchrus ciliaris L. including with varying inflorescence and florets colours and however all the ecotypes exhibiting similar growth characters. Arshad et al., (2007) studied on tiller growth and phonological studies of C. ciliaris. Phytochemical studies on the ecotypes is of paramount important and the potential of the plant ecotypes, especially their different components are required to be studied on their antimicrobial activities (Kannan and Bagam Priyal, 2015). The present study was attempted to investigate the important phyto-chemical substances for their presence or absence in three select morphological variants with differing inflorescence and floret colours and the work was included to study the antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts prepared from different components in Cenchrus ciliaris L. on the select microbial cultures, under laboratory conditions

Grass Species Population Studies in Freshwater Pools of Sivaganga District, South India with Different Land-Use

Vernal pools are seasonal wetlands which fill with water in the rainy season and dry down in the spring and remain desiccated throughout the summer. These extreme conditions create a unique ecosystem that supports high species diversity (King et al. 1996). Ephemeral water pools have recently received more attention where studies have monitored the vegetation dynamics as the system shifts from an aquatic and terrestrial environment (Gopal and Junk 2000; Pott et al. 2010). Landscape changes are considered important on the biodiversity aggregation of meadows (Monterio et al. 2013). The present study was carried out to analyze grass vegetation diversity of the desiccate ephemeral fresh water pools with different land-use patterns