Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of diethyl phthalate using Zn doped rutile TiO2

A simple, room temperature sol gel synthesis approach has been made to obtain undoped and Zn doped TiO2 samples using titanium tetraisopropoxide and zinc acetate as precursors. The synthesized samples are predominantly in rutile phase which are rarely reported at the calcination temperature of 450 °C. The samples are characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance (DRS), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Raman spectroscopy. The as prepared samples have been used for the photocatalytic degradation of diethyl phthalate. Phthalate esters are one of the persistent organic pollutants found in the environment. Diethyl phthalate has been taken as a model pollutant. Zn doped TiO2 sample shows better photocatalytic activity as compared to undoped TiO2. The kinetic studies reveal that the photocatalytic degradation reaction follows a pseudo first order equation. The diethyl phthalate is almost completely degraded in about 200 min using 0.2 mol % Zn doped rutile TiO2

Tumačenja oktonionske valne jednadžbe

The interpretations of octonion wave equations in eight-dimensional space-time is studied. We made an attempt to consider the octonion field equation as the equation of motion for particles carrying simultaneously electric and magnetic charges (i.e. dyons) in external and internal spaces. It has been concluded that the component of octonion potential wave equations behaves neither as the generalized electromagnetic fields of monopoles nor of the dyons. Rather, it has a mixed behaviour of electromagnetic fields associated with the electric and magnetic charges in external and internal spaces. We have also made an attempt to investigate the split octonion wave equation and its interpretation in classical electrodynamics, and accordingly the consistent and compact forms of eight-dimensional potential and current equation of dyons are obtained in terms of Zorn\u27s vector matrix realization of split octonions. Visualizing the external four-space as the localization space for tachyons, it is shown that the split octonion wave equation reduces to the Maxwell\u27s equation (field equation) for bradyons in R4-space as well as that for tachyons in T4- space in the absence of other.Raspravljamo tumačenja oktonionske valne jednadžbe u osmodimenzijskom prostoru-vremenu. Pokušavamo raspraviti oktonionsku jednadžbu polja kao jednadžbu za gibanje čestica koje istovremeno nose električan i magnetski naboj (tj. diona) u vanjskom i unutarnjem prostoru. Zaključujemo da komponenta oktonionskog potencijala nema svojstva kako poopćenog elektromagnetskog polja, tako i diona. Zapravo, ona ima miješana svojstva elektromagnetskih polja pridruženih vanjskom i unutarnjim prostorima. Također, smo pokušali istražiti podvojenu oktonionsku jednadžbu i njeno tumačenje u klasičnoj elektrodinamici, te smo izveli skladne i sažete oblike osmodimenzijskog potencijala i jednadžbe za struju za dione koje smo izveli preko Zornove vektorske matrice za podvojene oktonione. Predstavljajući vanjski četveroprostor kao prostor za smještaj tahiona, pokazujemo da se podvojena oktonionska jednadžba svodi na Maxwellovu jednadžbu (jednadžbu polja) za bradione u R4 -prostoru, a u odsustvu ovih za tahione u T 4 -prostoru

Analysis of volume dependence of thermal expansivity for NaCl

In the present paper, a suitable model to evaluate the volume dependence of thermal expansivity α by using the reciprocal form of volume dependence of Anderson-Grüneisen parameter (δT) has been proposed. The newly developed relationship has satisfied the constraints of infinite pressure behavior, i.e., P → ∞ or V → 0. The results obtained through the present model show the consistency with the experimental data for NaCl

Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Toxicity Studies of Titanocene Chelates of Isatin-3-Thiosemicarbazones

The reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) dichloride with a new class of thiosemicarbazone (LH2), derived by condensing isatin with different N(4)-substituted thiosemicarbazides, have been studied and products of type [Cp2Ti(L)] have been isolated. On the basis of various physico-chemical and spectral studies, five coordinate structures have been assigned to these derivatives. Toxicity studies of titanocene complexes at tbur different concentrations have been carried out against snail Lymnaea acuminata. The effect of most potent compounds on the activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme, which inhibits the activity of enzyme, possibly by the formation of enzyme-inhibitor complex, was also studied

Seaweeds A Potential Source for Functional Foods

Seaweeds are microalgae growing in coastal regions and resistant to salinity. Seaweeds are rich resources of natural nutrients some of which cannot be obtained from terrestrial plants. Bioactive compounds of seaweeds such as sulphated polysaccharides, peptides, minerals, phlorotannins, carotenoids and sulfolipids have proven health benefits against various diseases. Traditionally, seaweeds are used as folk medicine for treating diseases like goiter, wounds, burns, rashes, inflammation, diabetes and also gaining attention of pharmaceutical industries due to their anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-angiogenesis, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and antioxidant properties. Seaweeds polysaccharides have wide applications in foods as well as in pharmaceutical industry due to their bio-chemical properties such as stabilizer, emulsifier and gelling property. In food industry, seaweed polysaccharides are used as a functional ingredient in many products such as frozen foods, ice-cream, jam, jelly, beverages etc. Several commercial food preparations from seaweeds are also available in the market such as sea salt, nori snack wasabi, pink rock salt, seaweed thins toasted coconuts, crunchy seaweed chips, raw unroasted seaweed under different brand names. The present review is a compilation of nutritional, pharmacological and food properties of seaweeds along with its potential towards development of functional foods

Unraveling the mysteries of moyamoya: a rare case report of stroke in young

Moyamoya disease is a unique cerebrovascular disease that is characterized by chronic progressive stenosis of distal part of internal carotid artery with consequent development of a network of collateral vessels in response to brain ischemia. It is mainly seen in individuals of Asian descent and is the most common cause of stroke in Asian children. However, it is rare in Indian subcontinent. Here we report a case of young adult who manifested with moyamoya disease, evident from acute onset ischemic stroke. The patient underwent a diagnostic cerebral angiogram that showed bilateral posterior cerebral artery stenosis with pathognomonic collateral moyamoya vessels. The patient subsequently underwent elective surgical intervention procedures to prevent further complications

Efficacy of Organophosphorus Derivatives Containing Chalcones/Chalcone Semicarbazones Against Fungal Pathogens of Sugarcane

Ten newly synthesized organophosphorus derivatives containing substituted chalcones and substituted chalcone semicarbazones were tested for their antifungal efficacy against Colletotrichum falcatum, Fusarium oxysporum, Curvularia pallescens (all sugarcane pathogens). The O,O-diethylphosphate derivatives containing 2-chlorochalcone and 2-chlorochalcone semicarbazone exhibited 70-85% mycelial inhibition against all the test fungi at 1000 ppm. The screening results were correlated with structural features of the tested compounds