Hubungan Kadar Gula Darah Puasa Dengan Jumlah Leukosit Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Dengan Sepsis

: Diabetes is one of group metabolic disease with characteristic hyperglycemia that happends because insulin disfungtion. Increasing of sensitivity to inflammation of diabetes mellitus cause by many factors. Both caused by by hyperglycemia and immunity disfunction. This research is study with analytic descriptive with cross sectional design, that taking data with prospective at interna department Irina C1 to C4, IMC, Intensif unit care at RSUP Prof.Dr.R.D Kandou Manado in November to December 2012. Total subject in this research are 27 people. The measurement of fasting blood sugar and total leukocyte that taken with time a gap 3 days as long patient still in unit care from the moment patient diagnosed with DM with sepsis until patient charge go home. Basic on analytic correlation koefisien Pearson between GDP with total leukosit found r = - 0,429 with p = 0,013. Conclutions: There is relationship between fasting blood sugar with total leukocyte in patient DM with sepsis with form linear negative means more higher fasting blood sugar, more lower total leukocyte

Gambaran Faktor Resiko Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II Di Poliklinik Endokrin Bagian/smf Fk-unsrat RSU Prof. Dr. R.d Kandou Manado Periode Mei 2011 - Oktober 2011

: Given the high prevalence in patients with type 2 diabetes where the incidence of 650.000 new cases each year. In type-2, the pancreas does not make enough insulin to keep blood sugar levels remain normal, often because the body does not respond well to insulin. Most people do not realize had been suffering from type 2 diabetes, although the situation has become very serious. Type 2 diabetes has become a commonly experienced in the world and in Indonesia, and the numbers continue to grow due to unhealthy lifestyles, obesity and lazy to exercise. Purpose: To determine how the image of risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in the clinic Endocrine and Metabolic Section / SMF FK-UNSRAT BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R.D. Manado Kandou the period of May-October2011. Methods: This type of research is a descriptive study using secondary data. Population of type 2 DM patients who come for treatment at the Polyclinic Endocrine and Metabolic Section / SMF FK-UNSRAT BLU RSU Prof.Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado the period of May - October 2011. The number of samples of 138 patients comprising 60 men and 78 women. Result: The case of DM Tiipe 2 in Endocrine and Metabolic Clinic ever found in women than in men. Acquired risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus is a BMI> 23 ever found in an obese BMI groups 1 (25-29,9) of 37 patients, patients with stage 1 hypertension (130-159/80-99 mmHg) obtained by 80 patients , patients with dyslipidaemia as many as 22 patients, patients with a family history of as many as 45 patients, patients with age> 40 years as many as 130 patients, and patients who have risk factors for most of the patients with 3 risk factors as many as 74 patients. Conclusion: Risk factors affecting the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Endocrine and Metabolic Clinic is a BMI> 23, hypertension> 140/90 mmHg, family history,age> 40 years, dyslipidemia

Altered Level of Soluble Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 1 (SFlt1) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in Normotensive Pregnancy and Preeclampsia

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is still a significant problem worldwide. Of the many suggested mechanisms of its pathogenesis, the latest one is the balance of angiogenic factor and its relationship with hypoxia factors. The objective of this study was to observe changes or dynamic process of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) as anti-angiogenic factor and hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) as hypoxia marker in normotensive pregnancy and preeclampsia in mid-term and full-term pregnancies.METHODS: A cohort study was conducted on 36 normotensive subjects, first examination was conducted at 20-28 weeks of gestation. Then second examination was conducted at the time of preeclampsia diagnosed or full-term pregnancy. Preeclampsia was characterized by hypertension of systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, with two readings separated in 4-6 hours period, and/or proteinuria with urine dipstick of ≥1+ or ≥300 mg per 24 hours. Examinations of sFlt-1 and HIF-1α were done by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Statistical analysis was done using a significance level of p<0.05.RESULTS: Concentration of sFlt-1 was elevated in normotensive pregnancy and preeclampsia. Higher sFlt-1 concentration elevation was seen in preeclamptic group comparing to normotensive group, although not significant. This finding was related to the fact that investigated subjects were mostly developing mild preeclampsia merely. Comparing to normotensive group, preeclamptic group had higher HIF-1α concentration-per-week elevation, but not significant. There was a positive correlation between concentrations of sFlt-1 and HIF-1α, but not significant.CONCLUSION: sFlt-1 concentration elevation was correlated with preeclampsia. Therefore comparing to averages, changes of sFlt-1 concentrations were more important. Concentrations of HIF-1α and sFlt-1 were positively correlated