EFFECT OF ALPHA LIPOIC ACID IN TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES

  Objective: Antioxidant probably can prevent the progression and complications of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Due to effectiveness of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) as an antioxidant, this study was done in T2DM patients to evaluate the effect of ALA on their diabetic status, lipid profile, and oxidative stress (OS) status.Methods: A total of 35 patients with diabetes were selected randomly who were under insulin treatment mainly and grouped as Group A.†Another age- and sex-matched healthy controls selected grouped as B.†Both groups supplemented with ALA (300 mg/day) for 6 months continuously. All parameters were tested before and after the supplementation.Results: There was a significant decrease in fasting blood sugar from 161 to 122 mg/dl in Group A†and from 98 to 90 mg/dl in Group B.†Postprandial blood sugar (PPBS) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels also significantly decreased from 211 to 158 mg/dl and 8.81% to 7.2%, respectively, in Group A.†PPBS levels significantly decreased from 130 to 124 mg/dl in Group B,†but HbA1c% decreased insignificantly from 5.26% to 5.24% in Group B.†Lipid profile parameters decreased in both groups except triglyceride level, which show insignificant relation in Group B.†OS marker malondialdehyde significantly decreased from 1.967 to 1.592 nm/ml in Group A†and from 0.613 to 0.472 nm/ml in Group B.†Plasma antioxidant glutathione shows a significant increase in both groups from 2.117 to 2.405 μmol/L in Group A†and from 2.631 to 2.811 μmol/L in Group B.†Plasma nitric oxide also shows significant increase in both groups from 1.712 to 1.990 μmol/L and from 2.139 to 2.318 μmol/L, respectively.Conclusion: Therefore, ALA is a potent antioxidant and can be used against oxidative injury associate with T2DM

A STUDY OF RELATION BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND DYSMENORRHEA AND ITS IMPACT ON DAILY ACTIVITIES OF MEDICAL STUDENTS

ABSTRACTObjective: Dysmenorrhea is a condition, in which there is a severe, painful, cramping sensation in the lower abdomen which occurs just before orduring the menses. It has a major impact on the quality of life and social and occupational roles of females in the society. It also results in insignificantwork, school, and college absences in girls. As previous studies have failed to show a definite relation between dysmenorrhea and body massindex (BMI), the aim of our study was to find out an association between BMI and dysmenorrhea among medical students.Methods: The study was conducted on 200 medical students. Each one was supplied with a questionnaire with detailed menstrual history, familyhistory of dysmenorrhea, and detailed H/O of physical exercise and dietary habits. BMI was calculated by the formula weight in kg/height2 in meter,and based on the BMI criteria by the World Health Organization, the students were classified into four groups: Underweight, normal, overweight, andobese groups. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by Pearson Chi-square test, and p<0.5 was considered significant.Result: From our study, we found out that there is a positive correlation between dysmenorrhea and low BMI.Conclusion: As there is a positive correlation between BMI and dysmenorrhea, our aim was to educate people about dysmenorrhea and createawareness on diet and dysmenorrhea to assist in improving the quality of life in females.Keywords: Dysmenorrhea, Body mass index, Quality of life

COMPREHENSIVE EYE EXAMINATION IN OUT-REACH CAMP PATIENTS REFERRED FOR CATARACT SURGERY- AN EFFECTIVE INSTRUMENT FOR ASSESSING OCULAR COMORBIDITIES IN COMMUNITIES.

Introduction: Modern cataract surgery aims to provide optimum visual acuity to the patient according to his requirements and with early visual rehabilitation. A detailed evaluation before cataract surgery can help in planning proper interventions, preventing post-operative visual impairment, and appropriate patient counseling. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ocular co-morbidities in outreach camp patients referred for cataract surgery. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted among patients admitted to Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Rourkela, Odisha, India. Patient details were obtained from hospital records from January 2021 to January 2022. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 3109 patients were considered out of which 1060 (34.1%) presented with some comorbidities other than cataracts. Retinopathy comprised of 26.4% followed by pterygium (24.8%) and post cataract surgery complications (10.4%). Glaucoma was present in 8.5% while nearly 7% presented with corneal involvement and 6.04% with uveitis and its sequel. Conclusion: A comprehensive examination of patients referred from camps can be a cost-effective and efficient tool to identify the hidden ocular diseases in the community. It not only aids in identifying but also provides optimum management of the comorbidities to provide maximum benefit to the patients. Recommendation: A thorough examination of patients with ocular comorbidities can help in identifying the ocular diseases earlier and planning their management efficiently

Optimum Dispatch of Hybrid Solar Thermal (HSTP) Electric Power Plant Using Non-Smooth Cost Function and Emission Function for IEEE-30 Bus System

The basic objective of economic load dispatch (ELD) is to optimize the total fuel cost of hybrid solar thermal electric power plant (HSTP). In ELD problems the cost function for each generator has been approximated by a single quadratic cost equation. As cost of coal increases, it becomes even more important have a good model for the production cost of each generator for the solar thermal hybrid system. A more accurate formulation is obtained for the ELD problem by expressing the generation cost function as a piece wise quadratic cost function. However, the solution methods for ELD problem with piece wise quadratic cost function requires much complicated algorithms such as the hierarchical structure approach along with evolutionary computations (ECs). A test system comprising of 10 units with 29 different fuel [7] cost equations is considered in this paper. The applied genetic algorithm method will provide optimal solution for the given load demand

A Study of cardiac functions in type-2 diabetic patients

Introduction: The cardiomyopathy in diabetes mellitus (DM) is the disorders in cardiac muscle due to prolonged exposure of vascular tissues to hyperglycemia in DM; and is termed as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). The early pre-clinical features of DC are the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), preceding the systolic dysfunction and being able to evolve to symptomatic heart failure. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done including 50 DM-2 patients without any feature of cardiovascular involvement and blood pressure less than 130/80 mmHg. Doppler echocardiography was done to evaluate LVDD. Results: In this study results showed diastolic dysfunction was more common among female than male. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction is more in cases of longer duration of DM. Conclusion: Our study supports other studies that myocardial damage in DM-2 affects diastolic dysfunction before systolic dysfunction. As Doppler echocardiography is a simple non-invasive procedure to assess cardiac function, so in diabetes it should be done routinely in DM for early diagnosis and prevention of further complications

Optimum Dispatch of Hybrid Solar Thermal (HSTP) Electric Power Plant Using Non-Smooth Cost Function and Emission Function for IEEE-30 Bus System

The basic objective of economic load dispatch (ELD) is to optimize the total fuel cost of hybrid solar thermal electric power plant (HSTP). In ELD problems the cost function for each generator has been approximated by a single quadratic cost equation. As cost of coal increases, it becomes even more important have a good model for the production cost of each generator for the solar thermal hybrid system. A more accurate formulation is obtained for the ELD problem by expressing the generation cost function as a piece wise quadratic cost function. However, the solution methods for ELD problem with piece wise quadratic cost function requires much complicated algorithms such as the hierarchical structure approach along with evolutionary computations (ECs). A test system comprising of 10 units with 29 different fuel [7] cost equations is considered in this paper. The applied genetic algorithm method will provide optimal solution for the given load demand