Pollution Load Assessment in the Soil and Water Resources: A Case Study in Karun River Drainage Basin, Southwest of Iran

Agricultural, industrial and urban waste discharges along with natural factors such as drought conditions are the main cause of decline in soil and water resources quality.  Karun and Dez rivers, the largest drainage basin in the southwest region of Iran, are an important components in the climate system, and play a key role in human health and life of the study area. The issue has grown in importance in recent developments in sectors of agriculture, industry and urban that it has considerably affected water quality and increased contamination loads to the rivers. The aim of this paper is to determine and assess the contamination status and pollution loads to the studied rivers. The main issues addressed in this paper are pollution loads of: a) Agricultural drainage, b) urban wastewaters, and c) industrial wastewaters. A total of 284 samples consist of 24 sources of agricultural drainages outlet, 9 sources of industrial wastewaters discharges, 38 sources of urban wastewaters discharges were collected during four times in 2013-14 in an attempt to make each season one sample. 15 physical and chemical parameters including flow rate, COD, PO4, BOD, DO, NO3, NH3, TSS, pH, EC, TDS, Total Coliform, Fecal Coliform, Cl-1 and SO4-2 were determined for each sample. Results showed that agricultural activities had the higher risk of degrading the quality of soil and water resources in Khuzestan Plain and Karun basin in salinity and increased load of soluble salts (TDS).The Agricultural drainages, with the capacity of 2,375×106 m3.yr-1, and a salt pollution load of 11,862×103 kg.d-1 had the greatest contribution among pollutants. Dez River in Haft-Tapeh region with the 285×103 kg.d-1 of organic pollution based on chemical oxygen demand (COD) being discharged by the sugarcane industries subsidiaries, such as KaghazPars and Harir, is considered sensitive and vulnerable regarding natural self-purification. Results show that Ahvaz, by discharging 400×103 m3.d-1 of urban wastewater to Karun River, from the gateway to the southern end of the city, is one of the major centers of organic pollution based on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and ammonia and microbial pollution loads

Studying Photo Catalytic Property of Zeolite and Garnet Minerals in Removal of the Organic Pollutant from Industrial Wastewater

Lack of water along with environmental problems have put focus on wastewater treatment and its potential for reuse. This study aimed to study the photo catalytic impact of using zeolite and garnet in purification of the organic pollutant from industrial wastewater. In summer of 2016 samples were taken from the industrial wastewater of  station number 13 in the Khuzestan steel factory. A pilot with the scale of 1:150 (10 × 24 × 100 cm) was built with hydraulic conditions of this station. The pilot was built of fiberglass material and was divided into 5 ponds with the internal dimensions of 10 × 24 × 20 cm, equipped with outlet valve. There was 5 cm of different amounts of zeolite and garnet inside each pond with three replications  including: G100, Z100, G50Z50, G70Z30 and G30Z70. The aggregation was 0.2 mm and the wastewater was shed to the remaining 5 cm of the height in each pond and was laid in the light of the sun. After 2, 4 and 6 days, the wastewater of each pond was evacuated and sampled through the outlet valve and was replaced with new wastewater. Then, the amounts of BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, EC, SS, turbidity, pH and OIL were measured with the standard methods. The results showed that the applied levels caused reduction of BOD, COD, TSS, SS, OIL, and turbidity in the output wastewater respectively to the amount of 94.1, 94.94, 84, 90.59, 92.84, and 87.26 percent. The amount of TDS and DO were increased by 1.9 and 1.2 times respectively. The results of the tests related to the levels represented the good performance and proper efficiency of this system, particularly in the case of levels containing garnet and they showed the ability of doing photo catalytic process for removal of existent organic pollutants from the industrial wastewater

Pollution Load Assessment in the Soil and Water Resources: A Case Study in Karun River Drainage Basin, Southwest of Iran

Agricultural, industrial and urban waste discharges along with natural factors such as drought conditions are the main cause of decline in soil and water resources quality.  Karun and Dez rivers, the largest drainage basin in the southwest region of Iran, are an important components in the climate system, and play a key role in human health and life of the study area. The issue has grown in importance in recent developments in sectors of agriculture, industry and urban that it has considerably affected water quality and increased contamination loads to the rivers. The aim of this paper is to determine and assess the contamination status and pollution loads to the studied rivers. The main issues addressed in this paper are pollution loads of: a) Agricultural drainage, b) urban wastewaters, and c) industrial wastewaters. A total of 284 samples consist of 24 sources of agricultural drainages outlet, 9 sources of industrial wastewaters discharges, 38 sources of urban wastewaters discharges were collected during four times in 2013-14 in an attempt to make each season one sample. 15 physical and chemical parameters including flow rate, COD, PO4, BOD, DO, NO3, NH3, TSS, pH, EC, TDS, Total Coliform, Fecal Coliform, Cl-1 and SO4-2 were determined for each sample. Results showed that agricultural activities had the higher risk of degrading the quality of soil and water resources in Khuzestan Plain and Karun basin in salinity and increased load of soluble salts (TDS).The Agricultural drainages, with the capacity of 2,375×106 m3.yr-1, and a salt pollution load of 11,862×103 kg.d-1 had the greatest contribution among pollutants. Dez River in Haft-Tapeh region with the 285×103 kg.d-1 of organic pollution based on chemical oxygen demand (COD) being discharged by the sugarcane industries subsidiaries, such as KaghazPars and Harir, is considered sensitive and vulnerable regarding natural self-purification. Results show that Ahvaz, by discharging 400×103 m3.d-1 of urban wastewater to Karun River, from the gateway to the southern end of the city, is one of the major centers of organic pollution based on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and ammonia and microbial pollution loads

Pollution Load Assessment in the Soil and Water Resources: A Case Study in Karun River Drainage Basin, Southwest of Iran

Agricultural, industrial and urban waste discharges along with natural factors such as drought conditions are the main cause of decline in soil and water resources quality.  Karun and Dez rivers, the largest drainage basin in the southwest region of Iran, are an important components in the climate system, and play a key role in human health and life of the study area. The issue has grown in importance in recent developments in sectors of agriculture, industry and urban that it has considerably affected water quality and increased contamination loads to the rivers. The aim of this paper is to determine and assess the contamination status and pollution loads to the studied rivers. The main issues addressed in this paper are pollution loads of: a) Agricultural drainage, b) urban wastewaters, and c) industrial wastewaters. A total of 284 samples consist of 24 sources of agricultural drainages outlet, 9 sources of industrial wastewaters discharges, 38 sources of urban wastewaters discharges were collected during four times in 2013-14 in an attempt to make each season one sample. 15 physical and chemical parameters including flow rate, COD, PO4, BOD, DO, NO3, NH3, TSS, pH, EC, TDS, Total Coliform, Fecal Coliform, Cl-1 and SO4-2 were determined for each sample. Results showed that agricultural activities had the higher risk of degrading the quality of soil and water resources in Khuzestan Plain and Karun basin in salinity and increased load of soluble salts (TDS).The Agricultural drainages, with the capacity of 2,375×106 m3.yr-1, and a salt pollution load of 11,862×103 kg.d-1 had the greatest contribution among pollutants. Dez River in Haft-Tapeh region with the 285×103 kg.d-1 of organic pollution based on chemical oxygen demand (COD) being discharged by the sugarcane industries subsidiaries, such as KaghazPars and Harir, is considered sensitive and vulnerable regarding natural self-purification. Results show that Ahvaz, by discharging 400×103 m3.d-1 of urban wastewater to Karun River, from the gateway to the southern end of the city, is one of the major centers of organic pollution based on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and ammonia and microbial pollution loads

Investigating the Effect of Long-Term Sugarcane Cultivation on Some Soil Properties of Soils in Karoun Agro-industry Unit, Khuzestan Province, Iran

The principal aim of the present research was investigation of the effect of long-term sugarcane cultivation on some chemical and physical properties of soil in Karoun Agro-industry Unit in Shoushtar city, Iran. The study was conducted in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with two field factors at 8 levels and three depths in three replications. Soil samples were collected and some of their physical (e.g., bulk density) and chemical (e.g., pH, EC, soil available phosphorus, organic carbon, soluble sodium and available potassium)Features9 were measured. Results revealed that land use change and long-term sugarcane cultivation reduced electrical conductivity, the amount of soluble sodium and available potassium contents of soil in different depths, while caused increasing the percentage of organic matter and available soil phosphorous. However, at similar experimental conditions, no significant changes were observed in soil pH. The soil bulk density contents in farms under continuous cultivation of sugarcane, was more than the control field and HARZA. Moreover, soil exchangeable potassium was identified as a sensitive indicator of long-term sugarcane cultivation