Damage Detection Using High Order Longitudinal Guided Waves in the Anchorage Zone of Stayed-Cable

High order longitudinal guided waves (HOLGW) are studied for the damage detection in the anchorage zone of stayed cable through the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental validation. First, based on the theory of elastic wave propagation in cylinder, the dispersion curves of longitudinal modes were obtained and calculated analytically and the high-frequency such as 5MHz corresponding to the higher order longitudinal guided wave modes are identified for the damage detection. Then, the ultrasonic guided waves propagating in a steel wire with or without defects were simulated by using the finite element method and the effects of defect depth and length on the reflection coefficient are studied. Finally, the free wires and a tested cable were studied experimentally. The results show that the finite element method is able to model the high-order guided wave propagation in the steel wire. The agreement between the experiment and theory has demonstrated that the HOLGW is a potential candidate for the damage detection in anchorage zones of stayed-cables

Tunable waveguide and cavity in a phononic crystal plate by controlling whispering-gallery modes in hollow pillars

International audienceWe investigate the properties of a phononic crystal plate with hollow pillars and introduce the existence of whispering-gallery modes (WGMs). We show that by tuning the inner radius of the hollow pillar, these modes can merge inside both Bragg and low frequency band gaps, deserving phononic crystal and acoustic metamaterial applications. These modes can be used as narrow pass bands for which the quality factor can be greatly enhanced by the introduction of an additional cylinder between the hollow cylinder and the plate. We discuss some functionalities of these confined WGM in both Bragg and low frequency gaps for wavelength division in multiplexer devices using heteroradii pillars introduced into waveguide and cavity structures

Elastic Valley Spin Controlled Chiral Coupling in Topological Valley Phononic Crystals

Distinct from the phononic valley pseudo-spin, the real physical spin of elastic waves adds a novel tool-kit capable of envisaging the valley-spin physics of topological valley phononic crystals from a local viewpoint. Here, we report the observation of local elastic valley spin as well as the hidden elastic spin-valley locking mechanism overlooked before. We demonstrate that the selective one-way routing of valley phonon states along the topological interface can be reversed by imposing the elastic spin meta-source at different interface locations with opposite valley-spin correspondence. We unveil the physical mechanism of selective directionality as the elastic spin controlled chiral coupling of valley phonon states, through both analytical theory and experimental measurement of the opposite local elastic spin density at different interface locations for different transport directions. The elastic spin of valley topological edge phonons can be extended to other topological states and offers new tool to explore topological metamaterials.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, of main text + supplementary 10 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. Let

Damage Detection Using High Order Longitudinal Guided Waves in the Anchorage Zone of Stayed-Cable

High order longitudinal guided waves (HOLGW) are studied for the damage detection in the anchorage zone of stayed cable through the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental validation. First, based on the theory of elastic wave propagation in cylinder, the dispersion curves of longitudinal modes were obtained and calculated analytically and the high-frequency such as 5MHz corresponding to the higher order longitudinal guided wave modes are identified for the damage detection. Then, the ultrasonic guided waves propagating in a steel wire with or without defects were simulated by using the finite element method and the effects of defect depth and length on the reflection coefficient are studied. Finally, the free wires and a tested cable were studied experimentally. The results show that the finite element method is able to model the high-order guided wave propagation in the steel wire. The agreement between the experiment and theory has demonstrated that the HOLGW is a potential candidate for the damage detection in anchorage zones of stayed-cables.</p

Experimental immunology The effects of EGb761 on lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behaviour in C57BL/6J mice

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An Efficient Damage Quantification Method for Cylindrical Structures Enhanced by a Dry-Point-Contact Torsional-Wave Transducer

Quantification of damage sizes in cylindrical structures such as pipes and rods is of paramount importance in various industries. This work proposes an efficient damage quantification method by using a dry-point-contact (DPC) transducer based on the non-dispersive torsional waves in the low-frequency range. Theoretical analyses are first carried out to investigate the torsional wave interaction with different sizes of defects in cylindrical structures. A damage quantification algorithm is designed based on the wave reflections from the defect and end. Capitalizing on multiple excitations at different frequencies, the proposed algorithm constructs a damage image that identifies the geometric parameters of the defects. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the characteristics of the theoretically-predicted wave-damage interaction analyses as well as the feasibility of the designed damage quantification method. Using the DPC transducer, experiments are efficiently carried out with a simple physical system. The captured responses are first assessed to confirm the capability of the DPC transducer for generating and sensing torsional waves. The sizes of the defects in two representative steel rods are then quantified with the proposed method. Both numerical and experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed damage quantification method. The understandings of the wave-damage interaction and the concept of the damage quantification algorithm lay out the foundation for engineering applications

EGb761 attenuates depressive-like behaviours induced by long-term light deprivation in C57BL/6J mice through inhibition of NF-κB-IL-6 signalling pathway

Our previous investigation found that Ginkgo extract EGb761 could attenuate the depressive-like behaviours induced by a single injection of lipopolysaccharide in mice. However, it has not been investigated whether EGb761 is effective on depressive-like behaviours induced by long-term light deprivation and whether its effects are associated with the inhibition of NF-κB-IL-6 signalling pathway. In this study, three groups (vehicle group, EGb761 low-dose group, and EGb761 high-dose group) of C57BL/6J male mice were exposed to constant darkness for four weeks. The control mice remained on a 12 : 12 light-dark cycle. Depressive-like behaviours were evaluated by tail suspension test (TST), forced swim test (FST), and sucrose preference test (SPT). Spontaneous locomotor activity was evaluated by open field test (OFT). Levels of IL-6, IL-6 mRNA, NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65, IκBα, and phospho-IκBαwere measured using Elisa, western blotting, or PCR assays. NF-κB p65 DNA binding activity was evaluated using Chemi Transcription Factor Assay Kit. Results showed long-term light deprivation prolonged the immobile time in TST and FST, shortened the latency to immobility in FST, reduced spontaneous locomotor activity in OFT, decreased sucrose preference in SPT, and increased levels of IL-6, IL-6 mRNA, NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65, and phospho-IκBα in hippocampal tissue. EGb761 dose-dependently reversed the changes of the above parameters induced by long-term light deprivation, without affecting spontaneous locomotor activity. We conclude that EGb761 could attenuate the depressive-like behaviours and inhibit the NF-κB-IL-6 signalling pathway in a light-deprivation-induced mouse model of depression