Existe Lucratividade na Operação Carry Trade Real x Dólar?

Este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar operações de carry trade entre o Brasil e Estados Unidos, com foco no longo prazo (período de 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 anos), o que não é contemplado atualmente em outros estudos. A ausência de análises com foco no longo prazo para tais operações gera um gap para avaliações de investimentos mais duradouros o que pode trazer benefícios para investidores, empresas e principalmente países emergentes que são o foco destas operações - que impacta diretamente na realidade do mercado brasileiro e no campo internacional. Este estudo contempla analises da operação mesmo em momentos de instabilidade econômica no Brasil, com foco no período de 2000 – 2021 com janelas anuais de observações. O modelo utilizado é o mesmo destacado pela literatura do tema, ou seja, modelo de paridade descoberta de taxa de juros. Foram utilizadas técnicas econométricas, testes estatísticos para avaliar as variáveis e o teste Wald para testar duas hipóteses, sendo a principal delas a hipótese de “eficiência”.: Diferente do que é apontado nos trabalhos que envolvem análise de curso prazo, verificou-se que estas operações de caráter especulativo não deveriam ser concentradas apenas em períodos de curto ou curtíssimo prazo, mas também podem se avaliar períodos mais longos nestas duas economias analisadas. Os achados indicaram lucro na operação para o período de cinco anos em toda a série e quando a série foi reduzida em janelas de t+1, também foi verificado lucratividade em períodos de longo prazo ao longo das janelas

ENTOMOLOGIA NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL ANOS FINAIS

The teaching of entomology is important for science education in elementary school, as this curricular component, in addition to highlighting the life and morphology of insects, emphasizes environmental awareness and the relationship between man and the environment. There are many ways and resources for teaching about insects. Among them, there is the investigative teaching methodology, which aims at the student's performance in an active way during the construction of knowledge, forming critical citizens capable of observing problems and formulating hypotheses. Based on this approach, a didactic sequence was planned, aimed at investigative teaching through a field research activity with the use of photography to identify and understand insects. The planning of the didactic sequence was divided into three parts, namely: (i) introductory class; (ii) investigative activity; (iii) discussion of the contents and closing of the disciplinary learning core. The planned didactic sequence was applied in a pedagogical workshop offered on the UnB platform through the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). Methodologically, this is a case study with a qualitative approach, and two questionnaires were used as data collection instruments – one applied before the sequence and the other after carrying out the investigative activity. As a result, the questionnaires made it possible to verify the level of learning acquired with the application of the didactic sequence and indicated the efficiency of the teaching plan applied, considering, as a positive aspect, the increase in the level of learning and, as an aspect of improvement, the low adherence students to the activity, due to the context of remote learning and the covid-19 pandemic.O ensino de entomologia é importante para a formação de ciências no ensino fundamental, pois esse componente curricular, além de destacar a vida e a morfologia dos insetos, enfatiza a consciência ambiental e a relação do homem com o meio ambiente. Há diversas formas e recursos para o ensino sobre os insetos. Dentre eles, existe a metodologia do ensino investigativo, a qual visa a atuação do aluno de forma ativa durante a construção do conhecimento, formando cidadãos críticos capazes observar problemas e formular hipóteses. Partindo dessa abordagem, fez-se o planejamento de uma sequência didática que objetivou o ensino investigativo por meio de uma atividade de pesquisa em campo com o uso da fotografia para identificar e compreender os insetos. O planejamento da sequência didática foi dividida em três partes, a saber: (i) aula introdutória; (ii) atividade investigativa; (iii) discussão dos conteúdos e fechamento do núcleo disciplinar de aprendizagem. A sequência didática planejada foi aplicada em uma oficina pedagógica oferecida na plataforma da UnB através do Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA). Metodologicamente, trata-se de um estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa, sendo que foram utilizados, como instrumentos de coleta de dados, dois questionários – um aplicado antes da sequência e outro depois da realização da atividade investigativa. Como resultados, os questionários possibilitaram verificar o nível de aprendizagem adquirido com a aplicação da sequência didática e apontaram a eficiência do plano de ensino aplicado, considerando, como aspecto positivo, o aumento do nível de aprendizagem e, como aspecto de melhoria, a baixa adesão dos estudantes à atividade, em virtude do contexto de ensino remoto e pandemia de covid-19

Mood instability and irritability as core symptoms of major depression : an exploration using Rasch analysis

Background: Mood instability (MI) and irritability are related to depression but are not considered core symptoms. Instruments typically code clusters of symptoms that are used to define syndromic depression, but the place of MI and irritability has been under-investigated. Whether they are core symptoms can be examined using Rasch analysis. Method: We used the UK Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2000 data (n = 8,338) to determine whether the nine ICD/DSM symptoms, plus MI and irritability, constitute a valid depression scale. Rasch analysis was used, a method concerned with ensuring that items constitute a robust scale and tests whether the count of symptoms reflects an underlying interval-level measure. Two random samples of 500 were drawn, serving as calibration and validation samples. As part of the analysis, we examined whether the candidate symptoms were unidimensional, followed a Guttman pattern, were locally independent, invariant with respect to age and sex, and reliably distinguished different levels of depression severity. Results: A subset of five symptoms (sad, no interest, sleep, cognition, suicidal ideas) together with mood instability and irritability satisfactorily fits the Rasch model. However, these seven symptoms do not separate clinically depressed persons from the rest of the population with adequate reliability (Cronbach α = 0.58; Person Separation Index = 0.35), but could serve as a basis for scale development. Likewise, the original nine DSM depression symptoms failed to achieve satisfactory reliability (Cronbach α = 0.67; Person Separation Index = 0.51). Limitations: The time frame over which symptoms were experienced varied, and some required recall over the last year. Symptoms other than those examined here might also be core depression symptoms. Conclusion: Mood instability and irritability are candidate core symptoms of the depressive syndrome and should be part of its clinical assessment

Incidence of hemoglobinopathies and diagnostic algorithm in newborns in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul

Introduction: Hemoglobinopathies are inherited disorders that affect the normal aspect of human hemoglobin (Hb). The disorders can be structural defect in one of globin subunits (variant hemoglobin) or reduction in the rate of globin chain synthesis (thalassemia). In this scenario, Hb S stands out as the most frequent hemoglobinopathy in the world and it’s responsible for sickle cell disease (SCD). HbS can be found in different combinations, resulting in extreme clinical conditions; it can range since a severe presentation - sickle cell anemia (HbSS) to asymptomatic - sickle cell trait (HbAS). Since 2013, screening for hemoglobinopathies has been covered by the National Neonatal Screening Program (NNSP) and aims to diagnose and intervene in cases of hemoglobinopathies in all Brazilian newborns. In view of the large amount of abnormal Hb described and the different combinations of hemoglobinopathy, the diagnosis is complex and involves a trained professional team.Objective: To evaluate the incidence of abnormal Hb in newborns (NBs) in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) and propose a hemoglobinopathies diagnostic algorithm for health services in order to outline the appropriate conduct, such as treatment or genetic orientation. Methodology. Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive and quantitative study, carried out between January 2019 and February 2020, involving 42,032 RNs from MS through the PNTN. Abnormal Hb samples were analyzed using electrophoretic, chromatographic techniques (HPLC-Ultra2 and Genesys, Trinity Biotech) and molecular techniques (PCE-RE and GAP- PCR) by Neonatal Screening Laboratory of MS and university laboratory. Results: It was found that 1070 newborns (mean age: 12.4 days) had abnormal Hb, with hemoglobin profiles: 792 (74%) HbFAS, 238 (22.2%) HbFAC, 12 (1.1%) HbFSA, 10 (0.9%) HbFCA, 7 (0.7%) HbFAD, 4 (0.4%) HbFS, 4 (0.4%) HbFSC, 1 (0.1%) FC and 2 (0.2%) other Hb profiles not detected.Discussion and Conclusion: The creation of a hemoglobinopathies diagnostic algorithm becomes a great ally of health services for early interventions, when it’s necessary. The initial evaluation by HPLC quick scan is important to differentiate, according to the profile presented at birth, normal phenotypes (HbFA) from abnormal ones. The distinct phenotypes of HbFA must be analyzed by HPLC high definition. In case of doubts regarding about the type of hemoglobinopathy, confirmatory tests should be performed using molecular biology, such as RFLP-PCR, PCR-AE, GAP-PCR and DNA sequencing. The data collected show us that the Hb S trait is the most incident, followed by the HbC trait; none of both have significant clinical repercussions. On the other hand, for symptomatologic cases, there is SCD patients of different genotypes (Hb SS, Hb SC and Hb S/Beta + thalassemia). Thus, the importance of a diagnostic algorithm capable of optimizing the diagnosis and reducing errors in the identification of hemoglobinopathies is endorsed, as well as serving as support for the implementation of prophylactic practices, referral to specialized treatment and genetic orientation to the family in these cases

ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO: INFLUÊNCIA NA FORMAÇÃO DO CIRURGIÃO-DENTISTA DE ACORDO COM AS DIRETRIZES CURRICULARES NACIONAIS

The present study aimed to identify the Supervised Training’s influence on the Bachelor of Dental Surgery’s formation according to the National Curricular Directives - DCN, through the perception of a class of students in their last semester at UFMG’s Dentistry Course. The methodology is quantitative and consists of two closed questionnaires - one before and another after the Supervised Training - with some YES/NO questions and other questions using the Likert Scale. The questions formulation was based in the DCN’s text. The results indicate that the Supervised Training has an important role in the incorporation of the abilities/competencies described in the NDC. The percentile of students that considered themselves VERY/COMPLETELY able to perform the activities related to Healthcare, Decision Making, Communication, Administration and Management and Permanent Education has been higher after the Supervised Training, whereas the percentile of students that considered themselves NOT VERY/REASONABLY or NOT able has been lower. The divergence has been relatively low only when it concerns the competency/ability Leadership.O estudo buscou identificar a influência exercida pelo Estágio Supervisionado na formação do cirurgião-dentista, em consonância com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais – DCN, por meio da percepção de uma turma de alunos do último semestre do curso de graduação em Odontologia da UFMG. A metodologia consistiu na aplicação de dois questionários fechados, um antes e outro após a realização do estágio, com algumas questões de sim/não e outras de escala, utilizando o modelo de Likert, formuladas com base no texto das DCN. Os resultados indicam que o Estágio Supervisionado exerce papel importante na incorporação das competências/habilidades descritas nas DCN, sendo que o percentual dos alunos que se consideraram MUITO/COMPLETAMENTE capazes de realizar as atividades relacionadas à Atenção à Saúde, Tomada de Decisões, Comunicação, Administração e Gerenciamento e Educação Permanente foi maior após a realização do estágio, enquanto o dos que se consideraram INCAPAZES/POUCO capazes foi menor. Somente quanto à competência/habilidade Liderança a diferença obtida foi relativamente baixa, indicando influência menos expressiva nesse aspecto

Young head and neck cancer patients are at increased risk of developing oral mucositis and trismus

Objectives: To evaluate cancer treatment–related toxicities in young head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Material and methods: A total of 44 patients were included in the present retrospective cohort study, which was designed to access oral toxicities of cancer treatment in young ( 58 years of age, Group II, n = 22) HNC patients with similar tumor stage and treatment protocols. Oral mucositis (OM), xerostomia, dysphagia, dysgeusia, trismus, and radiodermatitis were assessed during days 7th, 21st, and 35th of head and neck radiotherapy (HNRT) according to previously validated scales (World Health Organization criteria and the National Cancer Institute and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0). Results: Patients from both groups showed high incidence and severity of oral toxicities by the end of the HNRT with OM (81.9% (Group I); 63.6% (Group II)) and xerostomia (72.6% (Group I); 77.2% (Group II)) being the most prevalent toxicities. No differences regarding xerostomia, dysphagia, dysgeusia, and radiodermatitis incidences or severity could be observed between groups. However, higher incidences and severity of OM at 21st and 35th fractions (odds ratio = 2.22 and 5.71, respectively) and trismus at 21st and 35th fractions (odds ratio = 6.17 and 14.5, respectively) were observed throughout the treatment in young patients when compared to older patients (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Young HNC patients are more affected by cancer treatment–related OM and trismus despite the similarities in clinical staging and treatment protocols with elderly patients.CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informaçãoSem informação2018/02233-6; 2016/22862-2; 2013/18402-8; 2012/06138-