Searching for Authenticity in Disability Identity Development

This article explores the nuances and pathways of disability identity development as well as what may constitute authentic disability identity in various theories and models. Authentic disability identity is influenced by how individuals interact with different power structures and systems and ultimately how they are related to normativity produced by ableism. Because each individual will have unique interactions with these systems, identity development and thus authenticity varies. Practitioners in higher education, with an understanding of how systems influence such nuanced identity, can create more open and flexible pathways to accommodations, improve outreach, and expand support outside of academic contexts

Experimental investigation of two-phase pressure drop in a microchannel

This paper was presented at the 2nd Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2009), which was held at Brunel University, West London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, IPEM, the Italian Union of Thermofluid dynamics, the Process Intensification Network, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group and the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications.An experimental study of two-phase pressure drop in a horizontal circular microchannel is presented in this paper. Test tube is made of fused silica having an internal diameter of 781μm with a total length of 261mm and a heated length of 191mm.The external surface of the test tube is coated with an electrically conductive thin layer of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) for direct heating of test section. Refrigerant R134a was used as the working fluid and mass flux during the experiments was varied from 100 to 650 kg/m2sec. Experiments were performed at a system pressure of 7.70 bar (corresponding to saturation temperature of 30oC). Two-phase frictional pressure drop characteristics with different mass flux, vapour fraction and heat flux were explored in detail. Finally, the prediction capability of well known available correlations in the literature, developed for macrochannels and others especially developed for microchannels was also checked. The homogeneous model predicts the data fairly well with a mean absolute deviation (MAD) of 19% and 69% of data within ±20% error band. The Müller-Steinhagen and Heck (1986) correlation developed for macrochannels predicts the data with a MAD of 19% and 61% of data within ±20% error band. The Mishima and Hibiki (1996) correlation, developed for microchannels, also shows fairly good approximation of the data with MAD of 19% and 57% of data within ±20% error band

Parametric effects on dryout of propane in a vertical circular mini-channel

This paper was presented at the 3rd Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2011), which was held at the Makedonia Palace Hotel, Thessaloniki in Greece. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaly, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute.This article presents dryout results of propane in a vertical circular mini channel made of stainless steel with an internal diameter of 1.70 mm and a heated length of 245 mm. The experiments are performed at three saturation temperatures of 23 degrees C, 33 degrees C and 43 degrees C. Mass flux is varied from 100 kg/m2s to 500 kg/m2s.The heat flux is increased in steps up to occurrence of dryout. The effect of different parameters such as mass flux, vapour quality and saturation temperature on the dryout heat flux is investigated. The results show that the dryout heat flux increases with the increase in mass flux and with the decrease of vapour quality. Almost no effect of saturation temperature on the dryout heat flux is observed. The generalised CHF correlations developed for macro and micro scale from the literature are compared with experimental results. Correlations developed by Callizo et al. (2008), Bowring (1972) and Katto and Ohno (1984) gave reasonably good predictions

Could Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Haematoma Present with Scrotal Mass?

Background: Retroperitoneal haematoma could be caused by different factors. It is increasing due to an increase in the use of antithrombotic and anticoagulant therapy. Diagnosis of retroperitoneal haematoma forms a big challenge in daily clinical practice. Patients with retroperitoneal haematoma could present with leg paresis, abdominal pain, shock or abdominal compartment syndrome. Retroperitoneal haematoma could be treated conservatively but surgical interference or embolization of the bleeding vessels is always an option. Objectives: To present a case with spontaneous retroperitoneal haematoma presenting with scrotal haematoma together with a mini- review of retroperitoneal haematoma. Conclusions: Retroperitoneal haematoma may present with a scrotal swelling and could be treated conservatively depending on the presentation and severity of the bleeding

What Causes People to Change Their Opinion About Climate Change?

After a decade of steady growth in the acceptance of the existence of climate change and its anthropogenic causes, opinions have polarized, with almost one-third of Americans, mostly Republicans, denying that the climate is changing or that human activity is responsible. What causes Americans to change their minds on this issue? Using a large panel data set, we examined the impacts of direct experience with weather anomalies, ideology, relative prioritization of environmental conservation in comparison to economic development, and motivated reasoning that adjusts individual opinion to align with others who share one’s party identification. A generalized ordered logit model confirmed the importance of political ideology, party identification, and relative concern about environmental conservation and economic development on attitude change. The effect of party identification strengthened with attentiveness to news and public affairs, consistent with the logic of motivated reasoning. Recent experience with hot summers, warm winters, droughts, and natural disasters had only a minimal impact on attitude change

Etude dendrometrique de Pterocarpus erinaceus poir. des formations naturelles de la zone soudanienne au Benin

Pterocarpus erinaceus is an arborescent deciduous legume tree of African savannas and dry forests growing in natural stands in the sudanian zone in Benin. An inventory of trees in the P. erinaceus dominated communities was carried out in order to describe their structure in tree-savannah and woodland, on the basis of some dendrometric parameters such as the diameter, the height, the basal area, the bark factor etc. The measurements have been done in 400 circular plots of 15 m of radius, in Ouémé Supérieur and Wari-Maro forest reserves. The results showed that the tree-density of the stands was higher in tree-savannas than inthe woodlands whereas the mean height and the mean diameter of P. erinaceus trees and of the whole stands obtained their highest values in woodlands. Furthermore, the two targeted forest reserves (Ouémé supérieur and Wari-Maro) have similar values for the dendrometric parameters. The diameter structure of P. erinaceus revealed the abundance of trees with mean diameter whereas trees with small or high diameter were scarce. The overall stand has an «i-shaped» structure, showing an uneven-aged and mixed species nature of the stands. Moreover, the height-diameter relationship of P. erinaceus was logarithmic with a R-square value of 37 % and 16 % in tree-savanna and woodland, respectively. Pterocarpus erinaceus est une Légumineuse arborescente des forêts claires et savanes arborées d’Afrique, croissant en peuplements naturels dans les zones soudaniennes au Bénin. Un inventaire des arbres dansces formations naturelles à dominance de P. erinaceus a été effectué afin de décrire leur structure, sur la base des paramètres dendrométriques comme la hauteur, le diamètre, la surface terrière, le facteurd’écorce, etc. Les mesures du diamètre et de la hauteur des arbres ont été réalisées dans 400 placettes circulaires de 15 mètres de rayon, situées dans les forêts claires et savanes arborées des forêts classéesde l’Ouémé Supérieur et de Wari-Maro. Les résultats obtenus permettent de noter que la densité du peuplement est plus élevée dans les formations de savane (169,4 arbres/ha) alors que la hauteur moyenneet le diamètre moyen de tous les arbres et spécifiquement de P. erinaceus présentent des valeurs significativement plus élevées en forêt. Par ailleurs, les deux forêts étudiées (Ouémé Supérieur et Wari-Maro) présentent des valeurs similaires pour les paramètres dendrométriques calculés. La structure en diamètre de P. erinaceus révèle une relative stabilité du peuplement avec une abondance des individus dediamètre moyen et une rareté des individus de faibles ou gros diamètres. L’ensemble du peuplement présente une structure en « i », caractéristique d’une nature inéquienne et multispécifique. La hauteur deP. erinaceus peut être exprimée en fonction du diamètre à 1,30 m du sol, dans les peuplements de savane et de forêt par des équations logarithmiques avec des coefficients de détermination de 37 % et 16 %respectivement en savane arborée et forêt claire

Experimental Investigation of Phase Equilibria in the Ti—Al—Zr System at 1000–1300 °C

Four partial isothermal sections of the Ti—Al—Zr system up to 60 at. % Al and 30 at. % Zr were experimentally established between 1000–1300 °C. Six heat-treated alloys were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, conventional and high-energy X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal analysis. Phase equilibria were determined between B2-ordered (β0), βTi, Zr, αTi, Ti3Al, TiAl, and ZrAl2.This work is part of the ADVANCE project which has received funding from the Clean Sky 2 Joint Undertaking under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 820647

The important role for intravenous iron in perioperative patient blood management in major abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Objective: To determine if preoperative intravenous (IV) iron improves outcomes in abdominal surgery patients. Summary Background Data: Preoperative iron deficiency anemia (IDA) occurs frequently; however if left untreated, increases the risk of blood transfusion allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT). Limited evidence supports IDA treatment with preoperative IV iron. This randomized controlled trial aimed to determine whether perioperative IV iron reduced the need for ABT. Methods: Between August 2011 and November 2014, 72 patients with IDA were assigned to receive either IV iron or usual care. The primary endpoint was incidence of ABT. Secondary endpoints were various hemoglobin (Hb) levels, change in Hb between time points, length of stay, iron status, morbidity, mortality, and quality of life 4 weeks postsurgery. Results: A 60% reduction in ABT was observed in the IV iron group compared with the usual care group (31.25% vs 12.5%). Hb values, although similar at randomization, improved by 0.8 g/dL with IV iron compared with 0.1 g/dL with usual care (P = 0.01) by the day of admission. The IV iron group had higher Hb 4 weeks after discharge compared with the usual care group (1.9 vs 0.9 g/dL, P = 0.01), and a shorter length of stay (7.0 vs 9.7 d, P = 0.026). There was no difference in discharge Hb levels, morbidity, mortality, or quality of life. Conclusions: Administration of perioperative IV iron reduces the need for blood transfusion, and is associated with a shorter hospital stay, enhanced restoration of iron stores, and a higher mean Hb concentration 4 weeks after surgery.Bernd Froessler, Peter Palm, Ingo Weber, Nicolette A. Hodyl, Rajvinder Singh and Elizabeth M. Murph

Short-Chain Fatty Acids in the Metabolism of Heart Failure - Rethinking the Fat Stigma

Heart failure (HF) remains a disease with immense global health burden. During the development of HF, the myocardium and therefore cardiac metabolism undergoes specific changes, with decreased long-chain fatty acid oxidation and increased anaerobic glycolysis, diminishing the overall energy yield. Based on the dogma that the failing heart is oxygen-deprived and on the fact that carbohydrates are more oxygen-efficient than FA, metabolic HF drugs have so far aimed to stimulate glucose oxidation or inhibit FA oxidation. Unfortunately, these treatments have failed to provide meaningful clinical benefits. We believe it is time to rethink the concept that fat is harmful to the failing heart. In this review we discuss accumulating evidence that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) may be an effective fuel for the failing heart. In contrast to long-chain fatty acids, SCFAs are readily taken up and oxidized by the heart and could serve as a nutraceutical treatment strategy. In addition, we discuss how SCFAs activate pathways that increase long chain fatty acid oxidation, which could help increase the overall energy availability. Another potential beneficial effect we discuss lies within the anti-inflammatory effect of SCFAs, which has shown to inhibit cardiac fibrosis - a key pathological process in the development of HF