Częstotliwościowe charakterystyki modelu serwomechanizmu hydraulicznego z rozdzielaczem o podwójnie pochylonych krawędziach sterujących

Przedstawiono model stanowiska do wymuszeń harmonicznych serwomechanizmu hydraulicznego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aparatury kontrolno-pomiarowej zalecanej przez ISO. Wyznaczono eksperymentalnie przebiegi w stanach przejściowych oraz charakterystyki amplitudowo-fazowe dla serwomechanizmu z rozdzielaczem o podwójnym pochyleniu krawędzi sterującej suwaka.The model of the station for harmonic input function of hydraulic servomechanism with monitoring and measurement apparatus recomend by ISO has been presented. The experimental course in transitory states and Gainphase characteristics of the hydraulic servomechanism with directional valve with dual inclination of steering edges has been determined

Physicochemistry, morphology and leachability of selected metals from post-galvanized sewage sludge from screw factory in Łańcut, SE Poland

Morphology, physicochemical properties, chemical composition of post-galvanized sewage sludge from Screw Factory in Łańcut, leachability and mobility of metals has been analyzed. The analyses with the use of scanning electron microscope with an adapter to perform chemical analysis of microsites (EDS) showed that the material is characterized by a high fragmentation and a predominant number of irregularly shaped grains. The sewage sludge is alkaline with a large loss of ignition (34.6%) and small bulk density (< 1 g/cm3). The EDS analyses evidenced presence of oxygen, silicon, calcium, chromium, iron and zinc in all examined areas, and presence of manganese and copper in selected areas indicating a non-uniform distribution of metals in the sewage sludge. Within one-stage mineralization and FAAS technique a predominant share of calcium, zinc and iron in terms of dry matter was recorded in the sewage sludge. The contents of Co, Cr, Cu, K, Mn, Ni and Pb in sewage sludge are below 1%. Evaluation of mobility and leaching of metals in sewage sludge was carried out by means of two parameters: accumulation coefficient of mobile fractions and leaching level related to the mass solubility of sewage sludge. The results indicate that the short-term or long-term storage of not inactivated post-galvanized sewage sludge can result in release of metals