Estrategias textuales para la lectura en voz alta en "Amadís" (1508): la prosodia amorosa y bélica

El artículo estudia cómo la performance afecta a la composición textual y editorial de Amadís de Gaula (1508), y trata de demostrar cómo esta perspectiva de análisis se puede aplicar al discurso textual de otros libros de caballerías castellanos, en los que la conjunción entre autor e imprenta es fundamental para comprender su difusión. Las marcas textuales y gráficas de un impreso condicionan la composición de la obra, cuyo objetivo consistía en elaborar un texto para leerse en voz alta

Energy Costs and Productivity in Chilean Manufacturing Industry

This paper evaluates the impact of recent cost shocks (i.e. energy price) on the productivity of Chilean manufacturing plants. Using information for the period 1992-2005, we quantify and analyze whether this effect has been heterogeneous across plants, according to their energy intensity and size. Results show a moderation in productivity since the year 2000 that is common for most of the manufacturing sectors. Moreover, the evidence suggests that this moderation has been larger in more energy-intensive industrial sectors. The econometrical estimations reveal a negative statistical relationship between productivity and energy costs (or the cost of energy): estimated elasticities suggest that a 10% increase in the energy price is associated to a reduction of productivity around 1% in the short-run and 2% in the long run. This effect tends to be larger for larger plants. For plants in the upper 90 percentile of size, the estimated reduction in productivity is larger and corresponds to 1.7% and 4.6%,respectively.

STED imaging performance estimation by means of Fourier transform analysis

Due to relatively high powers used in STED, biological samples may be affected by the illumination in the process of image acquisition. Similarly, the performance of the system may be limited by the sample itself. Optimization of the STED parameters taking into account the sample itself is therefore a complex task as there is no clear methodology that can determine the image improvement in an objective and quantitative manner. In this work, a method based on Fourier transform formalism is presented to analyze the performance of a STED system. The spatial frequency distribution of pairs of confocal and STED images are compared to obtain an objective parameter, the Azimuth Averaged Spectral Content Spread (AASCS), that is related to the performance of the system in which the sample is also considered. The method has been first tested on samples of beads, and then applied to cell samples labeled with multiple fluorescent dyes. The results show that a single parameter, the AASCS, can be used to determine the optimal settings for STED image acquisition in an objective way, only by using the information provided by the images from the sample themselves. The AASCS also helps minimize the depletion power, for better preservation of the samples.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Existence of positive solutions for a Brezis-Nirenberg type problems involving an inverse operator

This article concerns the existence of positive solutions for the second order equation involving a nonlocal term −∆u = γ(−∆)−1u + |u| p−1u, under Dirichlet boundary conditions. We prove the existence of positive solutions depending on the positive real parameter γ > 0, and up to the critical value of the exponent p, i.e. when 1 < p ≤ 2 ∗ − 1, where 2∗ = 2N N−2 is the critical Sobolev exponent. For p = 2∗ − 1, this leads us to a Brezis-Nirenberg type problem, cf. [5], but, in our particular case, the linear term is a nonlocal term. The effect that this nonlocal term has on the equation changes the dimensions for which the classical technique based on the minimizers of the Sobolev constant, that ensures the existence of positive solution, going from dimensions N ≥ 4 in the classical Brezis-Nirenberg problem, to dimensions N ≥ 7 for this nonlocal problem.This research was partially supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain, and by the FEDER under research projects MTM2016-80618-P and PID2019-106122GB-I00. P. Alvarez-Caudevilla was also supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain under research project RYC-2014-15284

Literatura de caballerías : entidad receptora y difusora de un pensamiento moderno

Justificación de los presupuestos teóricos sobre la temática de este monográfico. Además, se presentan y reseñan losacercamientos críticos en los trabajos aquí reunidos. La línea directriz de todos ellos sería el análisis de las trazas de pensamiento moderno en los libros de caballerías, ya sea por las estrategias utilizadas por sus autores para la configuración del texto, ya por los significados que articulan estas obras, permeadas de las principales problemáticas culturales, sociales, políticas y económicas de la época. Los libros de caballerías se convirtieron en verdaderos receptáculos y difusores de las distintas posibilidades de interpretar la realidad, y ver y representar el mundo

Sub-diffraction discrimination with polarization-resolved two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy

Imaging molecular structures separated by distances of a few nanometers still represents a complex challenge. Moreover, it is normally restricted to observations on thin (few micrometers) samples. In this work, we rotate the polarization of the excitation beam of two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) images to show that fluorescent structures at the molecular scale can be discriminated in a living organism. The polarization rotation generates a modulation of the signal intensity in each pixel of the TPEF images that carry information related to the fluorophore orientation. We analyze the signal modulation in every pixel of the polarization-resolved (PR) TPEF images through a Fourier analysis and generate images for the different Fourier components. Doing that, we show that two fluorophores oriented in different directions can be distinguished. Although by imaging the Fourier components the resolution of the optical system restricts the exact localization of two close molecules, discrimination is still possible even when the molecules are located at sub-diffraction distances. We propose a model that predicts this behavior, and demonstrate it experimentally in the neurons of a living Caenorhabditis elegans nematode, where we distinguish the walls of an axon with a diameter below the objective resolution. Since the technique is based in TPEF, the method can be extended to deep tissue imaging and has potential applications in single molecule detection, biological sensors, or super-resolution imaging techniques.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Long-term quality assurance of fMRI and MRS on a 3.0T clinical scanner

Functional MRI (fMRI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) are being increasingly used in clinical protocols. Subsequenly it is crucial to develop a routine quality assurance protocol (QA)of both techniques. This work describes a long-term variability study, as apart of the QA of fMRI and MRS on our institution clinical 3.0 T MR scanner

Tsunami hazard maps of spanish coast at national scale from seismic sources

Tsunamis are a moderately frequent phenomenon in the NEAM (North East Atlantic and Mediterranean) region, and consequently in Spain, as historic and recent events have affected this area. I.e., the 1755 earthquake and tsunami affected the Spanish Atlantic coasts of Huelva and Cadiz and the 2003 Boumerdés earthquake triggered a tsunami that reached Balearic island coast in less than 45 minutes. The risk in Spain is real and, its population and tourism rate makes it vulnerable to this kind of catastrophic events. The Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 and the tsunami in Japan in 2011 launched the worldwide development and application of tsunami risk reduction measures that have been taken as a priority in this field. On November 20th 2015 the directive of the Spanish civil protection agency on planning under the emergency of tsunami was presented. As part of the Spanish National Security strategy, this document specifies the structure of the action plans at different levels: National, regional and local. In this sense, the first step is the proper evaluation of the tsunami hazard at National scale. This work deals with the assessment of the tsunami hazard in Spain, by means of numerical simulations, focused on the elaboration of tsunami hazard maps at National scale. To get this, following a deterministic approach, the seismic structures whose earthquakes could generate the worst tsunamis affecting the coast of Spain have been compiled and characterized. These worst sources have been propagated numerically along a reconstructed bathymetry, built from the best resolution available data. This high-resolution bathymetry was joined with a 25-m resolution DTM, to generate continuous offshore-onshore space, allowing the calculation of the flooded areas prompted by each selected source. The numerical model applied for the calculation of the tsunami propagations was COMCOT. The maps resulting from the numerical simulations show not only the tsunami amplitude at coastal areas but also the run-up and inundation length from the coastline. The run-up has been calculated with numerical model, complemented with an alternative method, based on interpolation on a tsunami run-up database created ad hoc. These estimated variables allow the identification of the most affected areas in case of tsunami and they are also the base for the local authorities to evaluate the necessity of new higher resolution studies at local scale on specific areas

Investigation of Coulomb dipole polarization effects on reactions involving exotic nuclei

We have analyzed elastic scattering angular distributions and total reaction cross sections of the exotic nuclei Li9,11 on Pb208, at energies below and above the Coulomb barrier. For this purpose, we have used an optical potential with no adjustable parameters, composed by the nuclear São Paulo potential, derived from the nonlocal nature of the interaction, and the Coulomb dipole polarization potential, derived from the semiclassical theory of Coulomb excitation. Within this formalism, we identified an unusual long-range absorption for the Li11+Pb208 system, which is dominated by the Coulomb interaction. We compare it to the absorption mechanisms observed for He6+Pb208 which, unlike those of Li11+Pb208, take place at small interacting distances, where both Coulomb and nuclear interactions are important. The proposed approach shows to be a fundamental basis to study reactions involving exotic nuclei