Forms of Belief in Chilean Cinema

Indexación: Revista UNAB.En cien años de cine chileno las figuras de la religión o de la creencia metafísica se manifiestan con recurrencia. El catolicismo como poder social y como moral insiste en la ficción y en el documental mediante la figura del sacerdote, sin embargo, esta presencia no sobrepasa la función dramática o la confrontación del argumento con la historia. El presente artículo profundiza crítica, estéticamente, en estos fenómenos buscando una conciencia cinematográfica, es decir, espacial, temporal, audiovisual, que exponga lo religioso y lo metafísico, búsqueda que encuentra obras en el cine reciente.Figures related to religion or metaphysical beliefs have repeatedly appeared in films during a hundred years of Chilean cinema. Catholicism as social power and source of morality insists, in fiction and documentary works, through the figure of the priest. However, the function of the priest does not surpass a dramatic element or a confrontation of the argument with History. This article delves critically and aesthetically into these issues, searching a cinematic consciousness (via spatial, temporal and audiovisual aspects) that may expose the religious to the metaphysical; this search is found in recent films

Elementos para una poética de la cárcel en el documental chileno contemporáneo

  The article, which aesthetically identifies and analyzes recent Chilean documentaries on prisons, warns of the descriptive replacement of the judicial mechanism, the punitive procedure and the alternate social norm as conventional topics of prison, by revealing original facets of imprisoned subjectivity expressed by the exacerbated role of the words and bodies of the prisoners. In order to disconnect the political aspects of these documentaries from the topic of the dictatorship, the article subjects its prison corpus to the exegesis of various philosophical theories on discipline and visibility as a spatial sense of the contemporary.El artículo, que identifica y analiza estéticamente documentales chilenos recientes sobre cárceles, advierte el reemplazo descriptivo del mecanismo judicial, del procedimiento punitivo y la norma social alterna como tópicos convencionales de la prisión, mediante la revelación de facetas originales de la subjetividad encarcelada expresada por el protagonismo exacerbado de las palabras y los cuerpos de los presos. Para desconectar lo político de estos documentales del tópico de la dictadura el artículo somete su corpus de la prisión a la exégesis de diversas teorías filosóficas sobre la disciplina y la visibilidad como sentido espacial de lo contemporáneo

Electrical transport across nanometric SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 barriers in conducting/insulator/conducting junctions

We report the electrical transport properties of conducting/insulator/conducting heterostructures by studying current-voltage IV curves at room temperature. The measurements were obtained on tunnel junctions with different areas (900, 400 and 100 μm2) using a conducting atomic force microscope. Trilayers with GdBa2Cu3O7 (GBCO) as the bottom electrode, SrTiO3 or BaTiO3 (thicknesses between 1.6 and 4 nm) as the insulator barrier, and GBCO or Nb as the top electrode were grown by DC sputtering on (100) SrTiO3 substrates For SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 barriers, asymmetric IV curves at positive and negative polarization can be obtained using electrodes with different work function. In addition, hysteretic IV curves are obtained for BaTiO3 barriers, which can be ascribed to a combined effect of the FE reversal switching polarization and an oxygen vacancy migration. For GBCO/BaTiO3/GBCO heterostructures, the IV curves correspond to that expected for asymmetric interfaces, which indicates that the disorder affects differently the properties at the bottom and top interfaces. Our results show the role of the interface disorder on the electrical transport of conducting/insulator/conduction heterostructures, which is relevant for different applications, going from resistive switching memories (at room temperature) to Josephson junctions (at low temperatures).Fil: Navarro Fernández, Henry Luciano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Sirena, Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez Sutter, Jesus Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Troiani, Horacio Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: del Corro, Pablo Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Granell, Pablo Nicolás. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Golmar, Federico. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Haberkorn, Nestor Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentin

p-Type Ultrawide-Band-Gap Spinel ZnGa2O4: New Perspectives for Energy Electronics

The family of spinel compounds is a large and important class of multifunctional materials of general formulation AB2X4 with many advanced applications in energy and optoelectronic areas such as fuel cells, batteries, catalysis, photonics, spintronics, and thermoelectricity. In this work, it is demonstrated that the ternary ultrawide-band-gap (∼5 eV) spinel zinc gallate (ZnGa2O4) arguably is the native p-type ternary oxide semiconductor with the largest Eg value (in comparison with the recently discovered binary p-type monoclinic β-Ga2O3 oxide). For nominally undoped ZnGa2O4 the high-temperature Hall effect hole concentration was determined to be as large as p = 2 × 1015 cm–3, while hole mobilities were found to be μh = 7–10 cm2/(V s) (in the 680–850 K temperature range). An acceptor-like small Fermi level was further corroborated by X-ray spectroscopy and by density functional theory calculations. Our findings, as an important step toward p-type doping, opens up further perspectives for ultrawide-band-gap bipolar spinel electronics and further promotes ultrawide-band-gap ternary oxides such as ZnGa2O4 to the forefront of the quest of the next generation of semiconductor materials for more efficient energy optoelectronics and power electronics

Riesgo Climático de la Región Pampeana respecto a la liberación de ascosporas de Diaporthe helianthi

El cancro del tallo del girasol fue identificado por primera vez en la Ex Yugoslavia en 1980 (Mihaljcevic et al 1980). Actualmente se encuentra distribuido en forma amplia a nivel mundial en Serbia, Francia, Rumania, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Argentina, Australia, entre otros. A nivel mundial, en regiones endémicas, se registra entre 40 al 80 % de plantas afectadas, las cuales presentan pérdidas en rendimiento y calidad (Marisevich et al 2016). Las estimaciones de daño realizadas sobre cultivares susceptibles en el noreste de La Pampa, Argentina, en plantas enfermas apareadas con plantas sanas, registran pérdida del 45 % del rendimiento de aquenios y del 4 - 15 % del contenido de materia grasa (Ghironi E et al 2018). Estos valores de referencia de daño deben ser asociados a la evaluación de incidencia de cancros en tallos para la estimación de las pérdidas a nivel de campo.AER INTA General PicoFil: Corro Molas, Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil. Agencia de Extensión Rural General Pico; ArgentinaFil: Edwards Molina, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Therisod, Gaston. Asesor CREA. Región Mar y Sierras, Sudeste; ArgentinaFil: Colombo, Denis Nahuel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Malvina Irene. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Bilbao, Agustín. Asesor privado; ArgentinaFil: Bertero, Amelia. Asesor privado; ArgentinaFil: Moschini, Ricardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; Argentin

Improved metal-graphene contacts for low-noise, high-density microtransistor arrays for neural sensing

Poor metal contact interfaces are one of the main limitations preventing unhampered access to the full potential of two-dimensional materials in electronics. Here we present graphene solution-gated field-effect-transistors (gSGFETs) with strongly improved linearity, homogeneity and sensitivity for small sensor sizes, resulting from ultraviolet ozone (UVO) contact treatment. The contribution of channel and contact region to the total device conductivity and flicker noise is explored experimentally and explained with a theoretical model. Finally, in-vitro recordings of flexible microelectrocorticography (μ-ECoG) probes were performed to validate the superior sensitivity of the UVO-treated gSGFET to brain-like activity. These results connote an important step towards the fabrication of high-density gSGFET μ-ECoG arrays with state-of-the-art sensitivity and homogeneity, thus demonstrating the potential of this technology as a versatile platform for the new generation of neural interfaces

I Biomaratón de Flora Española: ciencia ciudadana para visibilizar la biodiversidad vegetal

[ES] Con objeto de fomentar el interés por la botánica, surgió la idea de organizar el I Biomaratón de Flora Española: un evento de ciencia ciudadana en el que personas de todo el país salieron a fotografiar el mayor número posible de plantas. Se realizó utilizando la plataforma de ciencia ciudadana iNaturalist, y se vertebró por medio de coordinadores en todas las comunidades autónomas y de alrededor de 100 instituciones, que dieron apoyo y divulgación al evento. Del 21 al 23 de mayo de 2021, más de 1.000 participantes registraron unas 25.000 observaciones de más de 2.500 especies, aproximadamente el 25% de las especies documentadas en España. Además, se organizaron actividades asociadas, como charlas, paseos botánicos, talleres de manejo de la plataforma, etc. Posteriormente se realizó un datablitz, centrado en la identificación de grupos de plantas poco conocidos, complicados y/o atractivos, y en compartir las experiencias de las actividades realizadas, fomentando así la interacción entre botánicos y ciudadanos. Este ha sido el mayor evento de ciencia ciudadana centrado en la botánica organizado en España. Queda demostrado que la acción conjunta de aficionados y profesionales puede ayudar a fomentar la pasión por la biodiversidad.[EN] With the intention of fostering the interest in botany in the society, the idea of organizing the 1st Bioblitz of Spanish Flora arose: a citizen science event in which people from all over the country went out to register as many species of plants as possible through photographs. The event was organized throughout the iNaturalist citizen science platform, and later supported by coordinators in all the Spanish Autonomous Communities and around 100 institutions that gave support and dissemination of the event. From May 21st to 23rd of 2021, more than 1,000 participants recorded about 25,000 observations of more than 2,500 species, approximately 25% of the species documented in Spain. In addition, numerous associated activities were organized, such as talks, botanical walks, workshops, etc. Subsequently, a datablitz was held, focused on the identification of little-known, complicated and/or attractive plant groups, and to share the experiences of the activities carried out, thus promoting interaction between botanists and citizens. To conclude, some of the experiences of the Bioblitz were presented. This is the largest botanical-focused citizen science event ever organized in Spain. It has been proven that the cooperative action of amateurs and professionals might help foster the passion for biodiversity.Motivación y objetivos Resultados del I Biomaratón Evento datablitz para comunicar a científicos y ciudadanos Ciencia ciudadana como motor de interés botánico II Biomaratón de Flora Española Agradecimiento

Novedades corológicas para la flora vascular de la sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central, España)

In the present paper, 58 chorological novelties for Gredos range (Central System, Spain) are showed. Some of them represent important disjunctions with respect to known Iberian distribution, as the cases of Cytinus ruber (Fourr.) Fritsh, Isolepis fluitans (L.) R.Br., Alyssum montanum L. and Lysimachia ephemerum L. Some species, such as Carex lainzii Luceño, E. Rico & T. Romero, Iberodes brassicifolia (Lag.) Serrano, R. Carbajal & S. Ortiz, Lycopodiella inundata (L.) J. Holub and Tephroseris coincyi (Rouy) Holub are of great interest from a conservational point of view. Finally, we present a number of provincial novelties, mainly for Ávil

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised