Transient Processes in a Binary System with a White Dwarf

Using the results of 3D gas dynamic numerical simulations we propose a mechanism that can explain the quiescent multihumped shape of light curves of WZ Sge short-period cataclysmic variable stars. Analysis of the obtained solutions shows that in the modeled system an accretion disk forms. In the outer regions of the disk four shock waves occur: two arms of the spiral tidal shock; “hot line”, a shock wave caused by the interaction of the circum-disk halo and the stream from the inner Lagrangian point; and the bow-shock forming due to the supersonic motion of the accretor and disk in the gas of the circum-binary envelope. In addition, in our solutions we observe a spiral precessional density wave in the disk. This wave propagates from inside the disk down to its outer regions and almost rests in the laboratory frame in one orbital period. As a results every next orbital period each shock wave passes through the outer part of the density wave. Supplying these shocks with extra-density the precessional density wave amplifies them, which leads to enhanced energy release at each shock and may be observed as a brightening (or hump) in the light curve. Since the velocity of the retrograde precession is a little lower that the orbital velocity of the system, the same shock wave at every next orbital cycle interacts with the density wave later than at the previous cycle. This causes the observed shift of the humps over binary phases. The number of the shock waves, interacting with the density wave determines the largest number of humps that may be observed in one orbital period of a WZ Sge type star

Падения в стационаре у пациентов старческого возраста с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями и полипрагмазией

Background. The fall in the elderly is observed much more often than in younger people, and according to statistics the number of people over 65 years who have suffered a fall during the year reaches 30 %, while the probability of injury. Most of the falls in elderly patients does not lead to injury, but the developing at the same time unfavorable psychological discomfort can sharply limit the usual activity, lead to the formation of dependence on outside help, disadaptation in the home and form a fear of a possible fall. Falls, accompanied by the development of trauma, are observed in 10–15 % of cases. The objective was to study the relationship between polymorbidity, polypragmasia and the development of the fall in elderly patients cardiological profile.Results. Polymorbidity prevailed in the group of patients who suffered a fall in the hospital (8.9 ± 2.6 vs 7.5 ± 1.5 in men. 8.5 ± 2.2 vs 7.2 ± 1.6 in women). In patients undergoing a decline, it was also noted, and polypharmacy to a greater extent than cohort patients without falling (9.4 ± 1.9 vs 78.4 ± 2.2 in men. and 9.6 ± 2.7 vs 9.1 ± 2.5 for women). In addition, patients who suffered a fall in the hospital by age were older than patients in the comparison group (86 ± 6 vs 85 ± 5 in men, 87 ± 5 vs 84 ± 5 in women). We also revealed the tendency of the predominance of women in the subgroup of patients with the incidence and development of trauma. Conclusion. Minimizing the amount of drugs received, as the fight against polypragmasy can help reduce the incidence of falls in elderly patients. Введение. Падения у пожилых отмечаются значительно чаще, чем у лиц более молодого возраста. По данным статистики, число лиц старше 65 лет, перенесших падение в течение года, достигает 30 %. Бόльшая часть падений у пациентов пожилого возраста не приводит к травме, однако развивающийся при этом психологический дискомфорт способен резко ограничить привычную активность, привести к формированию зависимости от посторонней помощи, дезадаптации в быту и сформировать страх перед возможным падением. Падения, сопровождающиеся развитием травмы, наблюдаются в 10–15 % случаев. Цель исследования – изучение взаимосвязи между полиморбидностью, полипрагмазией и падением у пациентов старческого возраста кардиологического профиля.Результаты. Полиморбидность преобладала в группе пациентов, перенесших падение в стационаре (8,9 ± 2,6 vs 7,5 ± 1,5 у мужчин; 8,5 ± 2,2 vs 7,2 ± 1,6 у женщин). У пациентов, перенесших падение, также отмечалась полипрагмазия в большей степени, чем у пациентов без падения (9,4 ± 1,9 vs 78,4 ± 2,2 у мужчин; 9,6 ± 2,7 vs 9,1 ± 2,5 у женщин). Кроме того, пациенты, перенесшие падение в стационаре, были старше пациентов группы сравнения (86 ± 6 лет vs 85 ± 5 лет у мужчин; 87 ± 5 лет vs 84 ± 5 лет у женщин). Нами также выявлена тенденция преобладания женщин в группе пациентов с падением и развитием травмы. Заключение. С учетом того, что полипрагмазия является модифицируемым фактором риска падений, минимизация количества получаемых лекарственных средств может способствовать снижению частоты падений у пациентов старческого возраста.

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ УКРЫТИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗЕРОВ СОДЕРБЕРГА

The Soderberg aluminum reduction technology is associated with high pollutant emissions including gaseous and poorly soluble fluorides. Currently, conventional VSS cells equipped with a standard gas skirt and a burner do not meet the modern hooding efficiency requirements. The existing technology must be upgraded in order to comply with environmental regulations. The environmentally friendly Soderberg technology implemented with an upgraded gas skirt and a fundamentally new 4-dome gas removal system ensures daily average hooding efficiency of 97,4 %.Получение алюминия на электролизерах Содерберга сопряжено с выбросами в атмосферу большого количества загрязняющих веществ, включая газообразные и плохо растворимые фториды. В настоящее время рядовые электролизеры Содерберга, оснащенные стандартным газосборным колоколом и горелочными устройствами, не отвечают современным требованиям по эффективности укрытия. Для достижения нормативных экологических требований необходима модернизация существующей технологии. Внедрение технологии экологичного Содерберга, оснащенного модернизирован- ным газосборным колоколом и принципиально новой четырехкупольной системой газоудаления, обеспечивает среднесуточную эффективность укрытия 97,4 %

Photometric observations of LO peg in 2014-2015

We performed new observations of an ultra-fast rotator of the spectral class K - the LO Peg star - in SAO RAS in 2014 and in Zvenigorod Observatory of INASAN in 2015. The light curves were used to build the maps of temperature inhomogeneities on the LO Peg surface in order to determine the longitudes corresponding to the location of active regions. The obtained measurements suggest the ongoing evolution of movements of active regions and probably the cyclic character of such movements. According to our estimations, the area of the star surface covered with spots decreases and by now it reached 14% of the total visible area of its surface. New observations of the star in V filter allowed us to specify LO Peg long-term variability cycles. Based on spectropolarimetric observations of LO Peg the null result for measurements of mean longitudinal component of magnetic field is obtained

Падения у коморбидных пациентов старческого возраста при сочетанном применении психотропных и кардиологических лекарственных средств

The article discusses aspects of drug-induced falls in elderly comorbid patients against the background of polypragmasy and also assesses the role of drug interactions that are highly dangerous according to the risk of falling. A drug audit of the obtained pharmacotherapy database was performed in patients with comorbid pathology older than 75 years, in order to identify fall-risk-increasing drugs, ranked according to the degree of risk of falling, their significant interactions and with using the traffic light classification. The data on the analysis of the contribution of psychotropic, cardiological drugs and their combination on the risk of developing a fall in the hospital in comorbid patients of old age against polypragmasy are presented. В статье рассмотрены аспекты лекарственно-индуцированных падений у коморбидных пациентов старческого возраста на фоне полипрагмазии, а также оценена роль сочетанного применения лекарственных средств, отнесенных к высокоопасным по риску падения. Проведен лекарственный аудит базы данных получаемой фармакотерапии у пациентов старше 75 лет с коморбидной патологией на предмет выявления лекарственных средств, отнесенных к высокоопасным по риску падения, ранжированных по степени этого риска согласно светофорной классификации, и их значимых взаимодействий. Представлены данные по анализу исследования вклада психотропных, кардиологических лекарственных средств и их сочетания на риск развития падения в стационаре у коморбидных пациентов старческого возраста на фоне полипрагмазии

Effect of Amiodarone, Sotalol and Bisoprolol on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Aim. To study the effect of class III antiarrhythmic drugs (amiodarone and sotalol), and the β-blocker bisoprolol on the spectral parameters of heart rate variability in patients with different forms of atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methods. Spectral analysis of heart rate variability of 5-minute electrocardiography intervals was used. The study included patients with newly diagnosed AF and having a duration of the disease from 6 months to 8 years. Arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction (in history), conduction disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus were diagnosed as comorbidities. The following parameters were calculated: the total power (TP) of the spectrum, the power of very low frequencies (VLF), low frequencies (LF) and high frequencies (HF).Results. In the group of patients with newly diagnosed AF without concomitant diseases after administration of amiodarone, VLF prevails in the spectrum structure, which indicates a significant role of humoral factors in the regulation of heart rate. The power of LF, reflecting the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, prevails over HF power after administration of amiodarone. In patients with newly diagnosed AF, having concomitant diseases, sympathetic influences prevail over parasympathetic ones by 3.6 times after administration of amiodarone. In the group of patients who have reduced the number of comorbidities, the LF/HF decreases and is only 1.66 after administration of amiodarone. The decrease in the number of negative factors is also accompanied by an increase in the influence of the vagus nerve on the activity of the heart. In the study of the effects of sotalol, the LF/HF in this group was twice lower in the group of patients with long-term AF. In patients receiving bisoprolol as antiarrhythmic therapy, the proportion of LF in the group of patients with newly diagnosed AF is 2 times lower, and the proportion of HF is twice higher than in the group of patients with long-term AF.Conclusion. The effect of antiarrhythmic drugs on the spectral parameters of heart rate variability depends on the duration AF. The presence of concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular system can significantly change the effect of antiarrhythmic drugs on the spectral parameters of heart rate variability and is accompanied by an increase in sympathetic activity. In patients with newly diagnosed AF, amiodarone and sotalol cause a similar effect – the predominance of sympathetic influence; when using bisoprolol, the predominant influence belongs to the vagus nerve. In patients with long-term AF, the opposite effect of drugs is observed: the use of amiodarone is accompanied by a more pronounced influence of the vagus nerve, and bisoprolol – the predominance of sympathetic influence. When using sotalol, sympathetic influences also prevail, more pronounced in patients with newly diagnosed AF