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Not AvailableThe present investigation was conducted during kharif seasons of 2014 and 2015 over four different environments to study stability analysis in potato during Kharif season in Koraput region of Odisha. The field study was laid out in randomised block design in three replications. The 16 genotypes used in the study included released varieties, hybrids of potato belonging to Solanum tuberosum sub sp. Tuberosum. Of the 16 varieties evaluated; Kufri Lalit, Kufri Lalima, Kufri Pukhraj and Kufri Jyoti showed better adaptability for yield/plant and marketable yield. As per the stability criteria of Eberhart and Russell (1966) for yield/plant and marketable yield, Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Ashok and Kufri Khyati were stable in all the locations. The mentioned varieties can be recommended to farmers for cultivation for off-season potato in Koraput region. The information obtained from the present study could be exploited in breeding programmes to develop superior genotypes for off-season potato cultivation in the region.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableShifting cultivation is most prevalent in eastern and northern regions of India. Odisha alone accounts for the largest area of 1.6 m ha (36.6%) under shifting cultivation in India. However, there are wide variations in the areas reported under shifting cultivation in Odisha by the different agencies. This system of agriculture is extensively practised by tribals in Odishaand about 2 lakh tribal families from more than 20 tribal communities are engaged in this practice. Shifting cultivation is locally known as the podu chasa but tribals in different parts of Odisha have their own names for this practice. The tribals consider it as a means of livelihood and a way of life mixed with celebration of many festivals. Though the evil effects of shifting cultivation are devastating and responsible for the degradation of the environment and ecology, it is still practised by the tribals of Odisha . Due to growing tribal population, the earlier practice of 15-20 years podu cycle has been reduced now to 2- 3 years , thereby resulting in large scale soil erosion and land degradation. The characteristics, distribution and extent of area under shifting cultivation, and tribal perception and impact of shifting cultivation practice in Odisha are discussed. Promising initiatives to curb shifting cultivation are indicated.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA field experiment was carried out during the rainy seasons (July–October) of 2011, 2012 and 2013 at Koraput,Odisha, to access the performance of finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)-based strip crop combinations in ratios 6:4, 8:4, 10:4 and 12:4. The experiment was laid out in 3 replications on 2% slope in a randomized complete-block design. Among the tested ratios, strip cropping of 6 rows of Finger millet with 4 rows of groundnut steadily gave higher finger millet equivalent yield to the tune of 57, 44 and 59% than sole finger millet in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively. Sole finger millet cultivation recorded the minimum production efficiency of 12.3 kg/ha/day, whereas finger millet + groundnut strip cropping showed a mean improvement of 17%. The maximum net returns of ₹22,183/ha accrued from planting 6:4 ratio which was nearly double the net returns from sole finger millet cultivation and the ratio also registered the highest benefit: cost ratio (2.87). The superiority of strip ratio 6:4 was also reflected in the monetary advantage index and income-equivalent ratio, registering the maximum values of 6166 and 1.62 respectively. Pooled data of 3 years indicate that runoff conservation potential of finger millet + groundnut strip ratios 6:4, 8:4, 10:4 and 12:4 was 22.4, 11.9, 10.6 and 8.7%, respectively, compared to sole finger millet. On an average, 6:4 ratio gave the lowest values of soil loss (3.02 t/ha) and conserved soil loss by 18.1, 19.6 and 17.4% in 8:4, 10:4 and 12:4 ratios respectively. Sole groundnut arrested the maximum organic carbon loss, i.e. 44.6 t/ha, followed by 6:4 ratio (55.8 t/ha) which also recorded higher values for other nutrients conservation. Water productivity of different strip ratios specified the advantage in 6:4 systems, registering maximum values of 4.28 kg/mm. Maximum value of land-equivalent ratio (1.38) was calculated in 6:4 ratio, indicating 38% area advantage over sole cropping. All the strip cropping systems were advantageous than sole planting systems because the product of relative crowding coefficient (K) of main and intercrops was more than 1. Maximum values of KFMand KGN, (7.84 and 1.34) were obtained from 6:4 and 8:4 strip ratios, respectively,directing greater advantage with higher values of product of K (10.15).Not Availabl

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Not AvailableParticipatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is an important tool for taking timely appropriate decisions about developmental activities by joint sitting of primary stakeholders and developmental institutions after analyzing the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats in totality. The technique was adopted in Lachhaputtraghati Watershed at Koraput, Orissa during 2008-09. The Watershed is predominantly inhabited by tribal population living merely at subsistence livelihood level. In general transect, the Watershed was classified in to six types of land forms based on physiography, problems, production potential and opportunities. Income expenditure analysis indicated high risk bearing capacity of large farmers vis a vis low of small farmers. Preference ranking revealed that economic affluent preferred cash crops, fruit tree plantations and animal husbandry whereas small landholders preferred most of their livelihood activity in view of different judgment criteria. Rank Based Quotient (RBQ) technique applied for prioritization of catchment problems indicated that water scarcity for agricultural activities in lean period as their highest priority.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA field experiment was conducted at Research farm of CSWCRTI, Research centre, Sunabeda in District Koraput of Odisha during 2007 - 2010 in Kharif season on silty loam red lateritic soil with an objective to access the effect of different Multitier cropping systems on runoff, soil-nutrient loss and economics. The experiment had ten treatments consisting of the combinations of fruit tree papaya (Carica papaya) with boundary plantation of forest shrub i.e. Gliricidia sepium and annual crops ginger (Zingiber offcinale), farmers’ practice of broadcasting, line sowing of ragi (Elusine coracana) and their intercropping ratios. The treatments were set in a randomized complete block design replicated thrice. In comparison to farmers’ practice of broadcasting; line sowing of ragi decreased runoff and erosion by 23 and 15 %, respectively. Among different treatments multitier cropping of ginger: pigeonpea yielded minimum runoff of 45.2 mm. Square plantation of papaya in sole ragi and intercropped ragi: pigeonpea (6:2) plots with boundary plantation of Gliricidia on bunds reduced net soil loss by 36 and 45 %. Cultivated fallow reported maximum nutrient loss to the tune of 109.9, 0.31 and 10.70 kg ha-1 for Organic carbon (OC), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium, respectively. Sole ginger and ginger intercropped with pigeonpea in papaya + Gliricidia system recorded 58 and 41 % lower OC loss than the farmers’ practice of ragi broadcasting. Multitier cropping of papaya + Gliricidia with ginger: pigeonpea intercropping recorded highest values enrichment ratio for OC and P to the tune of 2.25 and 4.56, respectively. Ginger, pigeonpea and ragi recorded an increase of 23, 14.4 and 25.8 % in Cation Exchange Capacity, when raised under multitier cropping system. In comparison to ragi sole cultivation, its intercropping with pigeonpea under multitier system showed an increase of 14.7 and 34.9 % for infiltration and porosity, respectively. In comparison to sole cultivation under papaya intercropping ginger yield improved by 15q and in ginger + pigeonpea intercropping system by 21 qha-1, respectively. Among all treatments, papaya+ gliricidia based multitier cropping system of ginger intercropped with pigeonpea (8:2) gave maximum net returns of Rs.2.47 lakhs with B: C ratio of 2.55 followed by sole ginger.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableKeeping in view the ecological importance of coastal ecosystem, an appraisal was carried out to explore the existing characteristic features, problems and status of erosion and its remedial measures for the conservation and management of valuable coastal resources in respect of three states i.e.West Bengal, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh in the east coast. It is reported that 8.94 Mha area is under coastal belts in these three states. The inherent problems associated with this ecosystem are high population growth, over exploitation of natural resources, water logging, flood, cyclones, drought and salinity due to regular intrusion of sea water through tidal effects, congestion of drainage, water erosion, sand dunes, wind erosion etc. Odisha coast alone accounts for 40% of the total disturbance that affected East Coast of India. In West Bengal, coastal area of Sundarban is affected due to soil acidity problems and about 0.65 Mha land is facing salinity problem. Similarly in Odisha, 0.4 Mha is affected by salinity problem spreading over four coastal districts of Odisha. The potential soil loss reported for Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and West Bengal are 407, 144 and 17 and annual EI of 400 – 600, 600 – 800 and 600 – 800 MJ.mm. ha . h , respectively.Major portion of the coastal areas ofWest Bengal, Odisha andAndhra Pradesh falls in soil loss category of < 5 t ha yr . The extent of diminishing mangrove cover reported for Odisha, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh are 221, 2152 and 353 km , respectively. It has been reported that due to one meter rise in sea water level, the area inundated and population affected in Odisha, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh coasts shall be 0.81% and 1.76%, 1.88% and 2.35% and 0.19% and 0.93%, respectively.While discussing about the various inherent problems, adoption of suitable conservation measures is inevitable for the protection and management of this vulnerable ecosystem.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA field experiment was carried out during the rainy seasons (July-October) of 2011, 2012 and 2013 at Koraput, Odisha, to assess the performance of upland paddy [Oryza sativa L.] and blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.) based strip cropping in ratios 6:4, 8:4, 10:4 and 12:4. The experiment was laid out in 3 replications on sloping land in a randomized block design. Among the tested ratios, strip cropping of 10 rows of upland paddy (DSR) with 4 rows of blackgram (BG) steadily gave higher paddy equivalent yield (DSREY). In percentage terms, it was 9.3, 14.2 and 10.2% higher than sole DSR. Analysis of 3 years' data of DSREY indicates an average yield of 1330 kg/ha with an increase of 13.7 and 6.1% over 8:4 and 10:4 ratios, respectively. The maximum net returns of Rs 11,511 per ha were accrued from 10:4 DSR ratio, which was 28.7% higher than the net returns from sole DSR cultivation. The ratio also recorded highest benefit cost ratio (1.90). The superiority of strip ratio 10:4 was also reflected in the monetary advantage index and income-equivalent ratio, registering maximum values of 1750 and 2.50, respectively. Maximum value of land-equivalent ratio (1.18) was estimated in 10:4 ratio, indicating 18% area advantage over sole cropping. All the strip cropping systems were advantageous than sole planting systems as maximum values of KDSR and KBG, 2.12 and 1.28 respectively were obtained from 10:4 strip ratio, pointing greater advantage with highest K values (2.70).Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe knowledge of probable period of onset of monsoon,amount of rainfall and its distribution over the cropping season are important for timely seedbed preparation, selection of crop varieties and choice of cropping pattern. The probability of rainfall data revealed that the onset of monsoon is on 11th June.The probability distribution of seasonal rainfall indicated that the occurrence of 75% probable rainfall in kharif, summer and rabi season arc 1095.5 mm, 91.4 mm and 83 mm respectively, whereas 1274.5 mm is the annual rainfall. It was forecasted that the occurrence of rainy days (>2.5 mm rainfall per day) is 70 days per annum.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA field experiment was conducted at Research farm of CSWCRTI, Research centre, Sunabeda in District Koraput of Orissa during 2007 - 2010 in Kharif season on silty loam red lateritic soil with an objective to access the effect of different Multitier cropping systems on runoff, soil-nutrient loss and economics. The experiment had ten treatments consisting of the combinations of fruit tree papaya (Carica papaya) with boundary plantation of forest shrub i.e. Gliricidia sepium and annual crops ginger (Zingiber offcinale), farmers’ practice of broadcasting, line sowing of ragi (Elusine coracana) and their intercropping ratios. The treatments were set in a randomized complete block design replicated thrice. In comparison to farmers’ practice of broadcasting; line sowing of ragi decreased runoff and erosion by 23 and 15 %, respectively. Among different treatments multitier cropping of ginger: pigeonpea yielded minimum runoff of 45.2 mm. Square plantation of papaya in sole ragi and intercropped ragi: pigeonpea (6:2) plots with boundary plantation of Gliricidia on bunds reduced net soil loss by 36 and 45 %. Cultivated fallow reported maximum nutrient loss to the tune of 109.9, 0.31 and 10.70 kg ha-1 for Organic carbon (OC), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium, respectively. Sole ginger and ginger intercropped with pigeonpea in papaya + Gliricidia system recorded 58 and 41 % lower OC loss than the farmers’ practice of ragi broadcasting. Multitier cropping of papaya + Gliricidia with ginger: pigeonpea intercropping recorded highest values ER for OC and P to the tune of 2.25 and 4.56, respectively. Ginger, pigeonpea and ragi recorded an increase of 23, 14.4 and 25.8 % in Cation Exchange Capacity, when raised under multitier cropping system. In comparison to ragi sole cultivation, its intercropping with pigeonpea under multitier system showed an increase of 14.7 and 34.9 % for infiltration and porosity, respectively. In comparison to sole cultivation under papaya intercropping ginger yield improved by 15q and in ginger + pigeonpea intercropping system by 21 qha-1, respectively. Among all treatments, papaya+ gliricidia based multitier cropping system of ginger intercropped with pigeonpea (8:2) gave maximum net returns of ‘2.47 lakhs with B: C ratio of 2.55 followed by sole ginger.Not Availabl