EVALUATION OF GASTROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF TEPHROSIA VILLOSA AGAINST EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED ULCERS IN WISTAR RATS

Objective: The present research work was designed to investigate the gastroprotective potentials of methanol extract of Tephrosia villosa. Methods: The aerial parts of Tephrosia villosa were dried under shade, powdered and deffated with petroleum ether and then marc leftover was subjected to methanol extraction using soxhlet apparatus using soxh-let apparatus. Antiulcer activity of methanol extract was determined against stress-induced and aspirin-induced ulcers in experimental animal models. The total number of ulcers formed, ulcer index, percentage inhibition, ulcerated area, protected area, pH and Total acidity were parameters in the study. Results: Methanol extract of Tephrosia villosa at medium (200 mg/kg) and high (200 mg/kg) could significantly (P<0.01) reduced the total number of ulcers formed, ulcer index, ulcerated area and total acidity in therapeutic groups compared to vehicle control and thereby significantly (P<0.01) increased percentage inhibition of ulcers and protected area which was evident by the significant rise in pH of gastric content. The effect of extracts was dose-dependent and results were comparable to that of standard drug omeprazole. Conclusion: The results obtained from the present work suggest that the methanol extract of Tephrosia villosa possess significant anti-ulcer potentials against experimentally induced ulcers in albino rats

EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIALS OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF TEPHROSIA VILLOSA AGAINST THIOACETAMIDE INDUCED LIVER TOXICITY IN ALBINO RATS

Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the hepatoprotective potentials of methanol s extracts of Tephrosia villosa leaves against thioacetamide (TAA) induced liver damage in rats. Methodology: The acute oral toxicity study was conducted as per OECD guidelines, and the extract was proved to be safe up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg. The total duration of the study was 21 days, and animals were divided into six groups. Hepatotoxicity was induced in the animals of all groups except normal control by single dose administration of TAA (100 mg/kg) at 1st day of the study followed by animals were treated daily with standard drug silymarin and methanol extract of T. villosa (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) to respective groups for 21 days. Variations in biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, albumin, total protein, ions and others parameters such as clotting time and weight of the liver were considered to determine beneficial effect of the extract. At the end of the study liver samples were collected and subjected to histopathological evaluation. Results: In control animals treated with TAA alone, there were variations in the above mentioned parameters. However in the animals treated with methanol extract and standard drug silymarin, all the parameters were normal possibly due to their beneficial property in protecting the liver against TAA induced hepatotoxicity. Conclusion: The results obtained in the above study suggesting that, the methanol extract of T. villosa possess significant hepatoprotective activity

JBiopest 7(2):216-222(2014) EPN for Spodoptera and Temnorhynchus JBiopest 5(1): 1-6 © 464 Response of microbes and bioregulators on yield performance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under rainfed condition

ABSTRACT A field experiment was conducted to study the response of microbes and bioregulators on yield growth and productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under rainfed condition during 2010-11 and 2011-2012 on sandy loam soils with factorial randomized block design consisting of four levels of biofertilizers inoculation viz., no inoculation, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) and PSB+VAM with two bio-regulators viz., homo-brassinolide @ 1 ppm and gibberelic acid @ 1000 ppm at pre-flowering and pod-filling stage. Result showed that the yield attributes like number of grains plant -1 and test weight were highest in treatment receiving homo-brassinolide and dual inoculation of PSB+VAM. Grain yield was highest (2139 and 2211 kg ha -1 ) in treatment receiving PSB+VAM application over no inoculation (957 and 1072 kg ha -1 ). The grain yield was highest (1705 and 1797 kg ha -1 ) in treatment receiving homo-brassnolide and lowest grain yield (1481 and 1569 kg ha -1 ) at gibberelic acid during 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively.

Thioether-coordinated nickel oxidation states. A Ni<SUP>III</SUP>S<SUB>2</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB> family incorporating hexadentate thioether-azo-oxime chelation

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