5 research outputs found
Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis in Thailand using Active Fault Data
To develop seismic design criteria for buildings, seismic hazard analysis is
required to estimate the ground motion intensity with criteria such as peak ground
acceleration (PGA). The seismic hazard can be analyzed by using two approaches: deterministic seismic hazard
analysis (DSHA) and probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). In these two
approaches, the seismic hazard is evaluated from past earthquake events and
active faults data. In Thailand, seismic hazard is classified in the low lying regions; however, in recently years,
earthquakes have occurred frequently in the North of Thailand. To prevent and
reduce damage due to earthquakes in the future, determination of seismic hazard is needed. This research
proposes a deterministic
seismic hazard map evaluated from nineteen active faults affecting Thailand. Two types of active faults are
considered: first, an active fault in a subduction zone and second, a crustal fault. The seismic
hazard is evaluated by using a ground motion prediction equation (GMPEs). Four GMPEs are weighted equally for
seismic crustal fault, and two GMPEs are weighted equally for a seismic subduction zone. The
hypocentral distance is used to evaluate the seismic hazard for all ground
motion prediction equations. The Northern part and the Western part of Thailand
are high seismic hazard regions, because there are active faults with the large
possibility of earthquakes of a maximum magnitude. The seismic hazards in the North, West and Northeast of
Thailand are about 0.60 g. The seismic hazard in Bangkok is about 0.25 g due to the Three Pagoda fault and Sri
Sawat fault. The seismic hazard in the South of Thailand is about 0.40 g
Effect of Brick Types on Compressive Strength of Masonry Prisms
This study investigates brick types and
masonry prisms under compressive loading according to ASTM C1314–14 as the basic
parameters for evaluating lateral resistance of masonry infill walls and to
compare compressive strength amongst various brick types. The lateral
resistance capacity of a masonry infill wall model depends on the compressive
strength of the masonry prism, and the lateral deformation of a masonry infill
wall model depends on the strain at the maximum stress of the masonry prism. A
masonry prism is an assemblage made of representative units (clay brick, hollow
brick, lightweight block, etc), mortar and grout. In this research, eight types
of brick are considered which are hollow brick, lightweight block and six types
of clay brick. From the test results, the ductile behavior of a masonry prism
under compressive loading means that it undergoes further deformation. The
masonry prisms made of solid clay brick show the best performance with the
largest average compressive stress of 10.8 MPa and largest cumulative energy
dissipation of 444 kN/mm, but their behavior is non-ductile. The compressive
stress of lightweight block is the weakest with the average compressive stress
of 2.62 MPa. The compressive strengths of masonry prisms made of all clay brick
types are higher than the compressive stresses of those made of hollow brick
and lightweight block
Enhancement of tensile performance of concrete by using synthetic polypropylene fibers
The research attempted to investigate the effect of polypropylene fibers (PP fibers) on the mechanical characteristics of concrete. According to ASTM C39/C39M and ASTM C 1609/C1609M, standard testing methods were used to examine the concrete compressive and flexural strength, post-cracking behavior, and toughness. The mechanical properties were evaluated at different ages of concrete curing, namely 1 day, 7 days, and 28 days, and for different quantities of fiber volume portions, specifically 0.0%, 0.5%, and 1.0%. The results demonstrate that a fiber volume of 0.5% is the most effective in obtaining the highest compressive strength. The recorded values at the related testing ages were 31.07 MPa, 41.51 MPa, and 46.68 MPa. Additionally, the utilization of 0.5% and 1.0% volume of PP fiber in concrete resulted in improved flexural strength and post-cracking performance. The toughness values for these mixes were 2.0 and 2.6 times higher than those for the plain concrete. Upon analyzing the fracture surface, there was a homogeneous distribution of fibers, which played a significant role in enhancing the overall functionality of the concrete. The research validated that the inclusion of polypropylene fibers substantially enhanced the mechanical characteristics of concrete, emphasizing the potential of fiber reinforcement in concrete-based implementations
Enhancement of tensile performance of concrete by using synthetic polypropylene fibers
The research attempted to investigate the effect of polypropylene fibers (PP fibers) on the mechanical characteristics of concrete. According to ASTM C39/C39M and ASTM C 1609/C1609M, standard testing methods were used to examine the concrete compressive and flexural strength, post-cracking behavior, and toughness. The mechanical properties were evaluated at different ages of concrete curing, namely 1 day, 7 days, and 28 days, and for different quantities of fiber volume portions, specifically 0.0%, 0.5%, and 1.0%. The results demonstrate that a fiber volume of 0.5% is the most effective in obtaining the highest compressive strength. The recorded values at the related testing ages were 31.07 MPa, 41.51 MPa, and 46.68 MPa. Additionally, the utilization of 0.5% and 1.0% volume of PP fiber in concrete resulted in improved flexural strength and post-cracking performance. The toughness values for these mixes were 2.0 and 2.6 times higher than those for the plain concrete. Upon analyzing the fracture surface, there was a homogeneous distribution of fibers, which played a significant role in enhancing the overall functionality of the concrete. The research validated that the inclusion of polypropylene fibers substantially enhanced the mechanical characteristics of concrete, emphasizing the potential of fiber reinforcement in concrete-based implementations