DIAGNÓSTICO DE EDIFICAÇÃO / AUTOVISTORIA PREDIAL

O presente trabalho propõe um método sistemático de inspeção de edificações para obtenção do diagnóstico de seus componentes construtivos na Atividade de Auto Vistoria Predial, no âmbito do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, preconizada pela Lei Estadual nº 6400, de 05 de março de 2013. Este artigo também identifica os requisitos legais, as normas, as diretrizes e parâmetros técnicos relevantes na análise dos diversos elementos/partes constituintes de um edifício. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica inicial, um relato da origem das leis de Autovistoria no Estado e no Município do Rio de Janeiro, seus pontos positivos e as oportunidades de melhoria. O trabalho informa, em linha objetiva, a condução/rotina a ser adotada pelos profissionais de engenharia no desenvolvimento de uma boa vistoria com base na documentação prévia e necessária a ser solicitada, e, propriamente, na metodologia aqui sugerida. Para melhor embasamento dos aspectos legais, técnicos e práticos, este projeto contém um estudo de caso, em que é verificada e relacionada a rotina empregada em uma Autovistoria Predial de um edifício comercial localizado no centro do Rio de Janeiro, com a metodologia recomendada neste artigo

MODELAGEM BIM APLICADA A PROJETO DE RODOVIA RURAL PAVIMENTADA DE PISTA SIMPLES

Este artigo visa apresentar metodologias, procedimentos e critérios para desenvolver projetos rodoviários compatíveis com sistema BIM buscando seguir normas e diretrizes de projeto do DNIT como também apresentar metodologias e procedimentos para a elaboração de um projeto simplificado em BIM de um trecho de 1 km de rodovia. O Processo consiste basicamente em desenvolver um projeto experimental de rodovia no Civil 3D e no AutoCAD de forma a gerar Sólidos 3D a partir desses projetos e, a partir desses sólidos 3D, construir um modelo virtual em 3D representativo do projeto da rodovia (elementos construtivos e destrutivos) e na seqüencia, definir atributos que caracterizem esses elementos (como nome de material constituinte e códigos) como também dados relativos a cronograma de execução desses elementos/sólidos 3D

NEU: recurso de aproximação do estudante de medicina com a comunidade

It is part of the training of the medical professional the strengthening of citizenship and the capacitation in health promotion and disease prevention in different sociocultural realities. Thus, the Extension Nucleus of Unifenas - BH (NEU) was planned as a resource that will provide an exchange of knowledge among medical academics, teachers and community. Objective: NEU proposes to bring medical students closer to the Brazilian reality, as well as to work in needy communities through varied projects. Method: In July of 2016, the NEU made its first expedition in Urucânia - MG, with a duration of seven days. For children and teenagers, music workshops were developed, sanitation in the APAE and topics such as violence and sex education were discussed. With the adult population other topics were discussed: violence against women, affective bond, human health and breastfeeding. Coming from the town’s solicitation, a project for drug user rehabilitation center was developed. With the elderly population: hypertension and diabetes workshop, walking groups and asylum visits were conducted. The applied workshops included several target groups: educators, municipal health agents and community leaders. Results: The actions promoted by the NEU were positive for the population of Urucânia, as well as for the members of the group. Thereafter, several reflections were generated that provided a set for an academic and personal formation of the members. In relation to the difficulties, the group faced, in some moments, lack of infrastructure; lack of interest in some institutions and unpredictability of the public. Conclusion: The actions carried out by NEU, in this expedition, contributed not only to the development of the town, but also to strengthen the concept of social responsibility between the academic program and community.Fazem parte da formação do profissional médico o fortalecimento da cidadania e a capacitação para atuar na promoção e prevenção da saúde em diferentes realidades socioculturais. Assim, o Núcleo de Extensão Universitária (NEU) do curso de medicina – UNIFENAS - BH foi planejado como um recurso que proporcionará o intercâmbio de saberes entre acadêmicos de medicina, docentes e a comunidade. Objetivo: o NEU propõe uma maior vinculação entre universitários e membros da comunidade, a fim de aproximá-los da realidade brasileira, bem como atuar em localidades carentes por meio de projetos variados, ressaltando a importância da medicina humanizada. Método: Em julho de 2016, o NEU, durante sete dias, realizou sua primeira expedição em Urucânia – MG. Foram desenvolvidas oficinas de música, higienização e abordados temas, como violência e educação sexual para crianças e adolescentes. Com a população adulta foi debatido sobre violência contra a mulher, vínculo afetivo, saúde do homem e amamentação. Por demanda da cidade, foi incluído um projeto para o centro de reabilitação de usuários de drogas. Para o público idoso a abordagem incluiu oficinas de hipertensão e diabetes, grupo de caminhada e visitas ao asilo. Além do público-alvo já mencionado, as atividades abrangeram educadores, agentes municipais de saúde e lideranças comunitárias. Resultados: As ações promovidas pelo NEU foram positivas para a população de Urucânia, bem como para os membros do grupo, possibilitando reflexões que engrandeceram a formação acadêmica e pessoal dos integrantes. Em relação às dificuldades, o grupo enfrentou, em alguns momentos, falta de estrutura, desinteresse de algumas instituições e a imprevisibilidade do público. Conclusão: Nessa expedição, a verdadeira essência do ser médico se mostrou efetiva, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do município e para o fortalecimento do conceito de corresponsabilidade social entre acadêmico e comunidade

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Perfil de ácidos graxos do leite de vacas alimentadas com torta de dendê

To evaluate the fatty acid profile of milk from cows fed palm kernel cake (PKC), 12 Holstein × Zebu crossbred cows were kept in the feedlot, distributed into a triple 4 × 4 Latin square, and fed the following treatments: 1) control; 2) inclusion of 50 g PKC/kg in the total dry matter (TDM); 3) inclusion of 100 g PKC/kg in the TDM; and 4) inclusion of 150 g PKC/kg in the TDM. Milk samples from the morning and afternoon milkings were collected in the amount of 1% of the daily production of each animal; subsequently, 100-mL subsamples were frozen for analysis of the fatty acid profile. Inclusion of PKC did not change the concentration of short-chain fatty acids or myristoleic (C14:1), pentadecenoic (C15:1), palmitic (C16:0), and palmitoleic (C16:1) fatty acids. Concentrations of medium-chain and lauric (C12:0) and myristic (C14:0) fatty acids increased linearly (P 0.05) on the long-chain fatty acids and those of the omega 6 and 3 series; on the ratio between poly-unsaturated and saturated fatty acids; or on the ratio between the fatty acids of the omega 6/omega 3 series. The concentration of conjugated linoleic acid was not influenced (P > 0.05) by inclusion of PKC in the diet. Addition of palm kernel cake to the diet of lactating cows influences the concentration of medium-chain fatty acids, and of lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0), and pentadecanoic (C15:0) fatty acids in their milk.Para avaliar o perfil de ácidos graxos do leite de vacas alimentadas com torta de dendê (TD) foram utilizadas 12 vacas mestiças Holandês x Zebu, mantidas em confinamento, distribuídas em um triplo Quadrado Latino 4 x 4 e recebendo os seguintes tratamentos: 1) controle; 2) inclusão de 50 g TD/kg na matéria seca total (MST); 3) inclusão de 100 g TD/ kg na MST e 4) inclusão de 150 g TD/kg na MST. Amostras de leite da ordenha da manhã e da tarde foram coletadas na quantidade de 1% da produção diária de cada animal, após subamostras de 100 mL foram congeladas para posterior análise do perfil em ácidos graxos. A inclusão de TD não alterou as concentrações dos ácidos graxos de cadeia curta e dos ácidos graxos Miristoleico C14:1, Pentadecenoico C15:1, Palmítico C16:0 e Palmitoleico C16:1. Houve efeito linear crescente (P 0,05) para os ácidos graxos de cadeia longa e da série Ômega 6 e 3, assim como, para a proporção entre os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados/saturados, e entre os ácidos graxos da série ômega 6/ômega 3. A concentração do ácido linoleico conjugado não foi influênciada (P > 0,05) pela inclusão de TD na dieta. A inclusão de torta de dendê na dieta de vacas lactantes influencia a concentração dos ácidos graxos cadeia média, do ácido Láurico C12:0, Mirístico C14:0 e Pentadecanoico C15:0

Molecular Epidemiology in Amerindians of the Brazilian Amazon Reveals New Genetic Variants in DNA Repair Genes

Native American populations from the Brazilian Amazon have a low genetic diversity and a different genetic profile when compared to people from other continents. Despite this, few studies have been conducted in this group, and there is no description of their genetic data in the various currently existent international databases. The characterization of the genomic profile of a population not only has an impact in studies of population genetics, but also helps to advance diagnostic and therapeutic response studies, leading to the optimization of clinical applicability. Genetic variations in DNA repair genes have been associated with the modulation of susceptibility to various pathologies, as well as in their prognosis and therapy. This is the first study to investigate DNA repair genes in Amerindians from the Brazilian Amazon region. We investigated 13 important DNA repair genes in the exome of 63 Native Americans, comparing our results with those found in 5 continental populations, whose data are available in the Genome Aggregation Database. Our results showed that 57 variants already described in literature were differentially distributed in the Amerindian populations in relation to the continental populations, 7 of which have significant clinical relevance. In addition, 9 new variants were described, suggesting that they are unique to these populations. Our study reinforces the understanding that the Amazonian Native American population presents a unique genetic profile, and our findings may collaborate with the creation of public policies that optimize the quality of life of these groups as well as the Brazilian population, which presents a high degree of interethnic mixing with Amerindian groups

Dengue seroprevalence among asymptomatic blood donors during an epidemic outbreak in Central-West Brazil.

Dengue virus (DENV) transmission by blood transfusion is an important route of viral acquisition during outbreaks. The prevalence of DENV markers (viral RNA, NS1, anti-DENV IgM, and IgG) among blood donors in Central-West Brazil has never been evaluated. Our aim was to evaluate the full set of serological and molecular markers for DENV among blood donors of the Federal District of Brazil during an extensive outbreak in 2016. We found an anti-DENV IgM prevalence of 6.74% (n = 32/475). Of 475, 20 samples (4.21%) were also anti-DENV IgG positive. All samples were non-reactive for NS1 and DENV RNA. Our results imply that a significant proportion of the tested donors had experienced asymptomatic infection. More studies are necessary to evaluate the real prevalence of DENV viremia in blood donors from the Federal District of Brazil and if specific measures are needed to routinely test the blood donors for DENV RNA during outbreaks

ACE2 polymorphisms as potential players in COVID-19 outcome.

The clinical condition COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, was declared a pandemic by the WHO in March 2020. Currently, there are more than 5 million cases worldwide, and the pandemic has increased exponentially in many countries, with different incidences and death rates among regions/ethnicities and, intriguingly, between sexes. In addition to the many factors that can influence these discrepancies, we suggest a biological aspect, the genetic variation at the viral S protein receptor in human cells, ACE2 (angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2), which may contribute to the worse clinical outcome in males and in some regions worldwide. We performed exomics analysis in native and admixed South American populations, and we also conducted in silico genomics databank investigations in populations from other continents. Interestingly, at least ten polymorphisms in coding, noncoding and regulatory sites were found that can shed light on this issue and offer a plausible biological explanation for these epidemiological differences. In conclusion, there are ACE2 polymorphisms that could influence epidemiological discrepancies observed among ancestry and, moreover, between sexes