Iterative joint frequency offset and channel estimation for OFDM systems using first and second order approximation algorithms

[[abstract]]To implement an algorithm for joint estimation of carrier frequency offset (CFO) and channel impulse response (CIR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, the maximum-likelihood criterion is commonly adopted. A major difficulty arises from the highly nonlinear nature of the log-likelihood function which renders local extrema or multiple solutions for the CFO and CIR estimators. Use of an approximation method coupled with an adaptive iteration algorithm has been a popular approach to ease problem solving. The approximation used in those existing methods is usually of the first order level. Here, in addition to a new first order approximation method, we also propose a second order approximation method. Further, for the part of the adaptive iteration algorithm, we adopt a new technique which will enable performance improvement. Our first order approximation method is found to outperform the existing ones in terms of estimation accuracies, tracking range, computation complexity, and convergence speed. As expected, our second order approximation method provides an even further improvement at the expense of higher computation complication.[[notice]]補正完畢[[journaltype]]國外[[incitationindex]]SCI[[booktype]]紙本[[booktype]]電子版[[countrycodes]]DE

Uplink User Signal Separation for OFDMA-Based Cognitive Radios

Spectrum awareness of orthogonal frequency division multiple access- (OFDMA-) based cognitive radios (CRs) can be improved by enabling them to separate the primary user signals in the uplink (UL). Assuming availability of information about the basic parameters of the primary system as well as time synchronization to the first arriving user signal, two algorithms are proposed in this paper. The first one targets estimating the size of the frequency allocation block of the primary system. The performance of this algorithm is compared with the results of a Gaussian approximation-based approach that aims to determine the probability of correct block size estimation theoretically. The second one is a semiblind user separation algorithm, which estimates the carrier frequency offsets and time delays of each block by exploiting the cross-correlations over pilot subcarriers. A two-dimensional clustering method is then employed to group the estimates, where each group belongs to a different user. It is shown that the proposed algorithms can improve the spectrum opportunity detection of cognitive radios. Feasibility of the algorithms is proved through practical simulations