55,120 research outputs found
On the anomalous mass defect of strange stars in the Field Correlator Method
We investigate general aspects of the mass defects of strange stars in the
context of the Field Correlator Method, without magnetic field. The main
parameters of the model that enter the corresponding nonperturbative equation
of state of the quark gluon plasma are the gluon condensate and the large
distance static potential . We calculate mass defects of
stellar configurations in the central density range . In
general, the mass defects are strongly dependent on the model parameters. For a
large range of values of and , we obtain anomalous mass defects with
magnitudes around erg\,, of the same order of the observed energies
of gamma-ray bursts and neutrino emissions in SN1987A, and of the theoretically
predicted energies of the quark-novae explosions.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figure
Strange stars properties calculated in the framework of the Field Correlator Method
We calculate the strange star properties in the framework of the Field
Correlator Method. We find that for the values of the gluon condensate
and , which give a critical
temperature at , the sequences of strange
stars are compatible with some of the semi-empirical mass-radius relations and
data obtained from astrophysical observations.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figure
Second harmonic spectroscopy to optically detect valley polarization in 2D materials
Valley polarization (VP), an induced imbalance in the populations of a
multi-valley electronic system, allows emission of second harmonic (SH) light
even in centrosymmetric crystals such as graphene. Whereas in systems such as
MoS or BN this adds to their intrinsic quadratic response, SH
generation in a multi-valley inversion-symmetric crystal can provide a direct
measure of valley polarization. By computing the nonlinear response and
characterizing theoretically the respective SH as a function of polarization,
temperature, electron density, and degree of VP, we demonstrate the possibility
of disentangling and individually quantifying the intrinsic and valley
contributions to the SH. A specific experimental setup is proposed to obtain
direct quantitative information about the degree of VP and allow its remote
mapping. This approach could prove useful for direct, contactless, real-space
monitoring of valley injection and other applications of valley transport and
valleytronics.Comment: Updating with published version, including typesetting corrections to
eqs 3 and 4; 7 pages, 5 figure
Meta-Potentiation: Neuro-Astroglial Interactions Supporting Perceptual Consciousness
Conscious perceptual processing involves the sequential activation of cortical networks at several brain locations, and the onset of oscillatory synchrony affecting the same neuronal population. How do the earlier activated circuits sustain their excitation to synchronize with the later ones? We call such a sustaining process "meta-potentiation", and propose that it depends on neuro-astroglial interactions. In our proposed model, attentional cholinergic and stimulus-related glutamatergic inputs to astroglia elicit the release of astroglial glutamate to bind with neuronal NMDA receptors containing the NR2B subunit. Once calcium channels are open, slow inward currents activate the CaM/CaMKII complex to phosphorylate AMPA receptors in a population of neurons connected with the astrocyte, thus amplifying the local excitatory pattern to participate in a larger synchronized assembly that supports consciousness
Superlattice nonlinearities for Gigahertz-Terahertz generation in harmonic multipliers
Semiconductor superlattices are strongly nonlinear media offering several
technological challenges associated with the generation of high-frequency
Gigahertz radiation and very effective frequency multiplication up to several
Terahertz. However, charge accumulation, traps and interface defects lead to
pronounced asymmetries in the nonlinear current flow, from which high harmonic
generation stems. This problem requires a full non-perturbative solution of
asymmetric current flow under irradiation, which we deliver in this paper
within the Boltzmann-Bloch approach. We investigate the nonlinear output on
both frequency and time domains and demonstrate a significant enhancement of
even harmonics by tuning the interface quality. Moreover, we find that
increasing arbitrarily the input power is not a solution for high nonlinear
output, in contrast with materials described by conventional susceptibilities.
There is a complex combination of asymmetry and power values leading to maximum
high harmonic generation.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for Nanophotonics (De Gruyter
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