Exotic looped trajectories via quantum marking

We provide an analytical and theoretical study of exotic looped trajectories (ELTs) in a double-slit interferometer with quantum marking. We use an excited Rydberg-like atom and which-way detectors such as superconducting cavities, just as in the Scully-Englert-Walther interferometer. We indicate appropriate conditions on the atomic beam or superconducting cavities so that we determine an interference pattern and fringe visibility exclusive from the ELTs. We quantitatively describe our results for Rubidium atoms and propose this framework as an alternative scheme to the double-slit experiment modified to interfere only these exotic trajectories.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Forage Quality Evaluation of Chopped Elephantgrass Hay through Intake and Digestibility Trial

The research was carried out to evaluate forage quality of chopped elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) hay and to define a proper stage for cutting and haymaking of this grass. Chemical composition, voluntary intake, and apparent digestibility of the hays were studied at five different growth stages (30, 48, 63, 76, and 91 days). Twenty-five common wethers were utilized in a completely randomized experimental design. Dry matter (DM) voluntary intake was not different (P\u3e 0.05) from 30 to 63 days of regrowth and from 63 to 91 days and comprised 3.9; 3.5; 3.2; 2.1; and 2.4% of animal liveweight, respectively from 30 to 91 days. Digestibility coefficients of DM; OM; CP; EE; NDF; and ADF decreased linearly (P\u3c 0.001) as plant aged. At the experimental conditions haymaking of chopped elephantgrass showed good potential as a forage storage practice, particularly for low-input familial agricultural systems. According to DM yield, chemical composition, voluntary intake and apparent digestibility, the best grass cutting stage for haymaking occurred between 30 and 63 days

Experimental proposal for measuring the Gouy phase of matter waves

The Schr\"odinger equation for an atomic beam predicts that it must have a phase anomaly near the beam waist analogous to the Gouy phase of an electromagnetic beam. We propose here a feasible experiment which allows for the direct determination of this anomalous phase using Ramsey interferometry with Rydberg atoms. Possible experimental limitations are discussed and shown to be completely under control within the present day technology. We also discuss how this finding can open the possibility to use the spatial mode wavefunctions of atoms as q-dits, since the Gouy phase is an essential ingredient for making rotations in the quantum states.Comment: 9 pages and 3 figure

Influência do fósforo e de diferentes regimes de corte sobre a digestibilidade in vitro do capim-de-raiz (Chloris orthonoton, Doell).

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a digestibilidade do capim-de-raiz submetido a diferentes doses de fósforo, frequências e intensidades de corte

Ferromagnetic Levan Composite: An Affinity Matrix to Purify Lectin

A simple and inexpensive procedure used magnetite and levan to synthesize a composite recovered by a magnetic field. Lectins from Canavalia ensiformis (Con A) and Cratylia mollis (Cramoll 1 and Cramoll 1, 4) did bind specifically to composite. The magnetic property of derivative favored washing out contaminating proteins and recovery of pure lectins with glucose elution. Cramoll 1 was purified by this affinity binding procedure in two steps instead of a previous three-step protocol with ammonium sulfate fractionation, affinity chromatography on Sephadex G-75, and ion exchange chromatography through a CM-cellulose column

Successive off take of elements by maize grown in pure basalt powder.

Abstract: Basalt powder wastes from mining activities have potential to be used as a natural fertilizer. Basalt minerals in agricultural soils may release plant nutrients and increase soil negative charge. In this work, the weathering of basalt promoted by maize rhizosphere was investigated. We studied the chemical and mineralogical composition of basalt, including cation exchange capacity, as well as the rate of elements offtake by maize grown in a pure basalt powder during seven successive growth cycles. A pot experiment was carried out under controlled environmental conditions; plant and rock materials were evaluated at the end of successive growth cycles. X-ray powder diffraction analysis showed diopside and andesine as main minerals of basalt, and smectite. Scanning electron microscopy images evidenced new amorphous components resulting from rhizosphere-induced weathering. The elements K, Ca, Mg, Al, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn were measured in plant tissue, and related to the weathering of basalt minerals. The studied basalt, therefore, provides nutrients to plants and exhibits physicochemical properties, such as cation exchange capacity, especially important for highly weathered soils presenting low cation exchange capacity, such as Oxisols.Article Number - 9A4418A6291

Influência do fósforo e do regime de corte na composição química e digestibilidade in vitro do capim-de-raiz (Chloris orthonoton Doell).

O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação da UFRPE, no período de outubro de 2000 a maio de 2001, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da adubação fosfatada e regimes de corte na composição química e digestibilidade in vitro do capim-de-raiz (Chloris orthonoton Doell). Os tratamentos foram obtidos por meio de arranjo fatorial 3 x 2 x 2 ? três doses de adubo fosfatado (0, 100 e 200 kg ha-1 de P2O5), duas frequências de corte (30 e 40 dias) e duas intensidades de corte (5 e 15 cm) ? em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Houve efeito significativo para os teores de matéria seca e de proteína bruta (PB), sendo que as plantas não adubadas com fósforo apresentaram as mais elevadas concentrações de PB (102,3 g kg-1). Os maiores teores de FDN foram obtidos nas plantas colhidas a 15 cm (750,3 g kg-1), enquanto os teores de FDA, nas plantas colhidas aos 30 dias de idade (389,8 g kg-1). O teor de fósforo na parte aérea das plantas foi influenciado pelas doses do nutriente aplicado, frequências e intensidades de corte. As plantas adubadas com fósforo apresentaram maior digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca.Suplemento 3