5 research outputs found

    Activité de

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    Introduction. Afin d'évaluer l'effet de Meliponula erythra sur la fructification et donc sur la production de D. edulis, l'activité de pollinisation de la mélipone a été observée dans la région de Yaoundé (Cameroun). Matériel et méthodes. Dans un verger expérimental de safoutiers, quatre lots ont été déterminés à partir du marquage de 174 bouquets floraux différenciés selon leur type (mâle-hermaphrodite ou femelle) et la présence ou non de protection de ces bouquets vis-à-vis de la visite des insectes. Le rythme saisonnier de la mélipone, l'activité journalière des abeilles, l'abondance des butineuses par inflorescence et l'indice de fructification des bouquets floraux marqués ont été évalués. Résultats et discussion. M. erythra a fréquenté D. edulis toute la journée et pendant toute la période de floraison. Les butineuses ont récolté du nectar de façon intense et permanente sur tous les types de fleurs. Le pollen n'a été récolté que sur les fleurs mâles et les fleurs hermaphrodites, et au cours de la matinée. Le plus grand nombre d'ouvrières butinant au même instant a été de 900 par plant de type mâle-hermaphrodite et de 250 par pied femelle. La durée moyenne d'une visite a été de 7,82 sec par fleur femelle (fleur à nectar) et de 8,32 sec par fleur mâle ou hermaphrodite (fleur à nectar et pollen). Le rythme des visites de M. erythra a été positivement corrélé au rythme d'épanouissement des fleurs de D. edulis. L'indice de fructification des bouquets floraux non protégés a été significativement supérieur de 25,61 % à celui des bouquets floraux protégés des insectes. Cette fructification améliorée serait liée par une action positive des M. erythra sur l'autopollinisation et la pollinisation croisée. Conclusion. La conservation des abeilles mélipones dans les vergers de safoutiers doit être encouragée

    Autosomal-dominant early-onset spastic paraparesis with brain calcification due to IFIH1 gain-of-function

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    We describe progressive spastic paraparesis in two male siblings and the daughter of one of these individuals. Onset of disease occurred within the first decade, with stiffness and gait difficulties. Brisk deep tendon reflexes and extensor plantar responses were present, in the absence of intellectual disability or dermatological manifestations. Cerebral imaging identified intracranial calcification in all symptomatic family members. A marked upregulation of interferon-stimulated gene transcripts was recorded in all three affected individuals and in two clinically unaffected relatives. A heterozygous IFIH1 c.2544T>G missense variant (p.Asp848Glu) segregated with interferon status. Although not highly conserved (CADD score 10.08 vs. MSC-CADD score of 19.33) and predicted as benign by in silico algorithms, this variant is not present on publically available databases of control alleles, and expression of the D848E construct in HEK293T cells indicated that it confers a gain-of-function. This report illustrates, for the first time, the occurrence of autosomal-dominant spastic paraplegia with intracranial calcifications due to an IFIH1-related type 1 interferonopathy

    Genetic spectrum of hereditary neuropathies with onset in the first year of life

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    Early onset hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies are rare disorders encompassing congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy with disease onset in the direct post-natal period and Dejerine-Sottas neuropathy starting in infancy. The clinical spectrum, however, reaches beyond the boundaries of these two historically defined disease entities. De novo dominant mutations in PMP22, MPZ and EGR2 are known to be a typical cause of very early onset hereditary neuropathies. In addition, mutations in several other dominant and recessive genes for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease may lead to similar phenotypes. To estimate mutation frequencies and to gain detailed insights into the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of early onset hereditary neuropathies, we selected a heterogeneous cohort of 77 unrelated patients who presented with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy within the first year of life. The majority of these patients were isolated in their family. We performed systematic mutation screening by means of direct sequencing of the coding regions of 11 genes: MFN2, PMP22, MPZ, EGR2, GDAP1, NEFL, FGD4, MTMR2, PRX, SBF2 and SH3TC2. In addition, screening for the Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A duplication on chromosome 17p11.2-12 was performed. In 35 patients (45%), mutations were identified. Mutations in MPZ, PMP22 and EGR2 were found most frequently in patients presenting with early hypotonia and breathing difficulties. The recessive genes FGD4, PRX, MTMR2, SBF2, SH3TC2 and GDAP1 were mutated in patients presenting with early foot deformities and variable delay in motor milestones after an uneventful neonatal period. Several patients displaying congenital foot deformities but an otherwise normal early development carried the Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A duplication. This study clearly illustrates the genetic heterogeneity underlying hereditary neuropathies with infantile onset
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