The East Asian Model of Economic Development and Developing Countries

This paper examines the debate on the East Asian model of economic development in light of the different approaches undertaken by different groups of countries (economies) in Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia. The common strengths and weaknesses shared by the East Asian countries (economies) have helped to reinforce the misconception that there is a single East Asian model of economic development. There are, however, significant differences in economic structures as well as development experiences among the East Asian economies, especially between the economic development paradigms of Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia. Nonetheless, one single common thread underlies the differences in development strategies and experiences among the East Asian economies—the role of the government. The governments of East Asia have recognized the limitations of markets (or market failures) in the allocation of scarce resources in the economy, and have used government interventions to promote economic development. The recent Asian crisis hardly signifies the end of the so-called East Asian model of economic development

Globalization of Financial Markets and the Asian Crisis: Some Lessons for Third World Developing Countries

Park examines the causes of the Asian financial crisis and draws some lessons and implications for a series of issues, which may be of particular relevance to the Third World developing countries. These issues include: the appropriate role of the International Monetary Fund as an international agency in charge of helping member countries to maintain financial stability; the choice of an appropriate exchange rate regime and use of restrictions on private capital flows in the face of rising globalization; and the debate on the East Asian model of economic development

Designing signaling environments to steer transcriptional diversity in neural progenitor cell populations

Stem cell populations within developing embryos are diverse, composed of many different subpopulations of cells with varying developmental potential. The structure of stem cell populations in cell culture remains poorly understood and presents a barrier to differentiating stem cells for therapeutic applications. In this paper we develop a framework for controlling the architecture of stem cell populations in cell culture using high-throughput single cell mRNA-seq and computational analysis. We find that the transcriptional diversity of neural stem cell populations collapses in cell culture. Cell populations are depleted of committed neuron progenitor cells and become dominated by a single pre-astrocytic cell population. By analyzing the response of neural stem cell populations to forty distinct signaling conditions, we demonstrate that signaling environments can restructure cell populations by modulating the relative abundance of pre-astrocyte and pre-neuron subpopulations according to a simple linear code. One specific combination of BMP4, EGF, and FGF2 ligands switches the default population balance such that 70% of cells correspond to the committed neurons. Our work demonstrates that single-cell RNA-seq can be applied to modulate the diversity of in vitro stem cell populations providing a new strategy for population-level stem cell control

How envisionment of the future influences professional identity development : a longitudinal study of students’ graduate work in a social science field

This dissertation study is a longitudinal qualitative investigation of how graduate students in a social science field construct their professional identity. Among the different identities that individuals construct and have imposed upon them, their professional identity may be more distinct as compared to other identities such as gender roles, position of caretaker, and ethnicity that may develop over a longer period of time and be more diffuse. One’s professional identity is likely to become a central identity because it provides agency, power, and a socially respected position in a particular disciplinary field and in society at large. This investigation of graduate students’ disciplinary development was designed to contribute to a better understanding of the process of professional identity development. Doctoral students in a social science field were chosen as participants because they were likely to undergo intensive identity construction processes in a short time period of time. In this staggered longitudinal study, the total number of participants was 34. Participants were tracked across milestones over at least two semesters of their program. Data collection included multiple interviews, member checking, and observation of students’ activities in content classes, research meetings, social gatherings, and professional conference participation according to distinct stages that occur over time. Analyzed using grounded theory methodology, data are presented in three themes representing significant influences on professional identity development. For the first theme, graduate students’ professional identity seemed to progress through phases marked by milestones. In Theme 2, graduate students’ professional identity seemed to develop through interactions with other individuals in several learning communities. In Theme 3, graduate students seemed to forge their professional identity through their program experiences, defining their professional self as the acquisition of self-knowledge and self-regulation skills (being professional), disciplinary knowledge and skills (being a professional), and envisionment of a professional future self participating in a community of practice. Development of professional disciplinary skills including disciplinary discourse practices appeared as a core contributor for students’ professional identity development. Generalizable professional skills seemed more subtle and foundational for the other two factors (professional skills acquisition and professional affiliation). Individuals who developed both professional skills and professional affiliation seemed to have a strong professional identity. In addition, data indicated that as graduate students underwent the professional identity process, they seemed more motivated to take up their academic responsibilities and participate in their professional field. In sum, the contribution of this study is that different influences on graduate students’ professional identity development were shown, and a clearer view of the overall professional identity development process was obtained, including what factors are influencing graduate students’ professional identity development as well as their possible future self in their disciplinary community of practice.Educational Psycholog

Search for Boosted Dark Matter at ProtoDUNE

We propose the first experimental test of the inelastic boosted dark matter hypothesis, capitalizing on the new physics potential with the imminent data taking of the ProtoDUNE detectors. More specifically, we explore various experimental signatures at the cosmic frontier, arising in boosted dark matter scenarios, i.e., relativistic, inelastic scattering of boosted dark matter often created by the annihilation of its heavier component which usually comprises of the dominant relic abundance. Although features are unique enough to isolate signal events from potential backgrounds, vetoing a vast amount of cosmic background is rather challenging as the detectors are located on the ground. We argue, with a careful estimate, that such backgrounds nevertheless can be well under control by performing dedicated analyses after data acquisition. We then discuss some phenomenological studies which can be achieved with ProtoDUNE, employing a dark photon scenario as our benchmark dark-sector model.Comment: Supplemental material include

Designing signaling environments to steer transcriptional diversity in neural progenitor cell populations

Stem cell populations within developing embryos are diverse, composed of many different subpopulations of cells with varying developmental potential. The structure of stem cell populations in cell culture remains poorly understood and presents a barrier to differentiating stem cells for therapeutic applications. In this paper we develop a framework for controlling the architecture of stem cell populations in cell culture using high-throughput single cell mRNA-seq and computational analysis. We find that the transcriptional diversity of neural stem cell populations collapses in cell culture. Cell populations are depleted of committed neuron progenitor cells and become dominated by a single pre-astrocytic cell population. By analyzing the response of neural stem cell populations to forty distinct signaling conditions, we demonstrate that signaling environments can restructure cell populations by modulating the relative abundance of pre-astrocyte and pre-neuron subpopulations according to a simple linear code. One specific combination of BMP4, EGF, and FGF2 ligands switches the default population balance such that 70% of cells correspond to the committed neurons. Our work demonstrates that single-cell RNA-seq can be applied to modulate the diversity of in vitro stem cell populations providing a new strategy for population-level stem cell control

Statistics and Characteristics of Spatio-Temporally Rare Intense Events in Complex Ginzburg-Landau Models

We study the statistics and characteristics of rare intense events in two types of two dimensional Complex Ginzburg-Landau (CGL) equation based models. Our numerical simulations show finite amplitude collapse-like solutions which approach the infinite amplitude solutions of the nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger (NLS) equation in an appropriate parameter regime. We also determine the probability distribution function (PDF) of the amplitude of the CGL solutions, which is found to be approximately described by a stretched exponential distribution, $P(|A|) \approx e^{-|A|^\eta}$, where $\eta < 1$. This non-Gaussian PDF is explained by the nonlinear characteristics of individual bursts combined with the statistics of bursts. Our results suggest a general picture in which an incoherent background of weakly interacting waves, occasionally, `by chance', initiates intense, coherent, self-reinforcing, highly nonlinear events.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure