Stacking of Hyperparameter Tuned Models for Tagging Coding Problems

Coding problems are problems that require a solution in the form of a computer program. Coding problems are popular among students and professionals as it enhances their skills and career opportunities. An AI system that would help those who practice coding problems would be highly useful and there is a huge potential for such a system. In this work, we propose a model which uses stacking of hyperparameter tuned boosting models to achieve impressive metric scores of 77.8% accuracy and 0.815 PR-AUC on the dataset that was scraped from Codeforces and Leetcode. We open source the dataset and the models developed for this work.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, ANTI-MICROBIAL, ANTI-CANCER, AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITY OF NOVEL 1-(NAPHTHALEIN 2-YL OXY)(PHENYL)(METHYL) THIOUREA MANNICH BASE AND ITS METAL COMPLEXES

ABSTRACT Objective: Mannich bases of 2-naphthol are predominantly popular in metal-mediated and ligand-accelerated catalysis of enantioselective carbon-carbon bond formation. Since these compounds have multiple centre for chelation with metal ions, they are likely to be potent inhibitors of metallo-enzymes. A number of pharmaceutical and agricultural agents have a naphthalein frame work. Our present study focuses on the synthesis of Mannich base derived from the condensation of 2-naphthol, benzaldehyde and thiourea and its metal complexes and their biological activities. Methods: The ligand 1-(naphthalein -2-yloxy )(phenyl)(methyl) thiourea (BNBTU) was synthesized by Mannich condensation reaction  between 2- naphthol, benzaldehyde and thiourea in 1:1:1 molar ratio. Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II)  and Zn(II) complexes of the new Mannich base BNBTU have been synthesized. Results: The anti-bacterial activity of the ligand and all the metal complexes leads to the conclusion that most of the complexes were found to have activities against E.coli    and B. subtilis. The cytotoxic effects of the newly synthesized ligand have been found good inhibition activity against the cancer cell line. Further the ligand and the metal complexes have been screened for their fungicidal and anti-oxidant properties and they are found to be significantly active. Conclusion: The ligand 1-(naphthalein -2-yloxy )(phenyl)(methyl) thiourea (BNBTU) has shown as one of the novel ligand and its coordination with transition metals exhibited enhanced biological activity

Targeting complement cascade: an alternative strategy for COVID-19

The complement system is a stakeholder of the innate and adaptive immune system and has evolved as a crucial player of defense with multifaceted biological effects. Activation of three complement pathways leads to consecutive enzyme reactions resulting in complement components (C3 and C5), activation of mast cells and neutrophils by anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a), the formation of membrane attack complex (MAC) and end up with opsonization. However, the dysregulation of complement cascade leads to unsolicited cytokine storm, inflammation, deterioration of alveolar lining cells, culminating in acquired respiratory destructive syndrome (ARDS). Similar pathogenesis is observed with the middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS), severe acquired respiratory syndrome (SARS), and SARS-CoV-2. Activation of the lectin pathway via mannose-binding lectin associated serine protease 2 (MASP2) is witnessed under discrete viral infections including COVID-19. Consequently, the spontaneous activation and deposits of complement components were traced in animal models and autopsy of COVID-19 patients. Pre-clinical and clinical studies evidence that the inhibition of complement components results in reduced complement deposits on target and non-target tissues, and aid in recovery from the pathological conditions of ARDS. Complement inhibitors (monoclonal antibody, protein, peptide, small molecules, etc.) exhibit great promise in blocking the activity of complement components and its downstream effects under various pathological conditions including SARS-CoV. Therefore, we hypothesize that targeting the potential complement inhibitors and complement cascade to counteract lung inflammation would be a better strategy to treat COVID-19.N/

Nations within a nation: variations in epidemiological transition across the states of India, 1990–2016 in the Global Burden of Disease Study

18% of the world's population lives in India, and many states of India have populations similar to those of large countries. Action to effectively improve population health in India requires availability of reliable and comprehensive state-level estimates of disease burden and risk factors over time. Such comprehensive estimates have not been available so far for all major diseases and risk factors. Thus, we aimed to estimate the disease burden and risk factors in every state of India as part of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016

Dental office design and waste care management in infection control

Infection control is the most vital and fundamental aspect of health-care practice pertaining to the faculties of medicine, surgery, or dentistry. The nature of dental procedures involves occupational exposure to blood and saliva that might carry these microorganisms. Dental health-care professionals and dental patients are, therefore, at a high risk for developing infectious diseases. This article emphasizes the importance of infection control in a dental office. It describes the protocol to be followed in a dental clinic setup. Steps in health care waste management have also been discussed. It is extremely important for a dentist to follow a protocol to facilitate cross-infection control in the office and to prevent cross-contamination between the patients, dentists, assistants, and ancillary staff. Personal protection, decontamination/sterilization of instruments and materials, and formulation of an infection control policy have been discussed

Six-month bracket failure rate with a flowable composite: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The use of flowable composites as an orthodontic bonding adhesive merits great attention because of their adequate bond strength, ease of clinical handling and reduced number of steps in bonding. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this Randomized Controlled Trial was to comparatively evaluate over a 6-month period the bond failure rate of a flowable composite (Heliosit Orthodontic, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan) and a conventional orthodontic bonding adhesive (Transbond XT, 3M Unitek). METHODS: 53 consecutive patients (23 males and 30 females) who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. A total of 891 brackets were analyzed, where 444 brackets were bonded using Heliosit Orthodontic and 447 brackets were bonded using Transbond XT. The survival rates of brackets were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier analysis. Bracket survival distributions for bonding adhesives, tooth location and dental arch were compared with the log-rank test. RESULTS: The failure rates of the Transbond XT and the Heliosit Orthodontic groups were 8.1% and 6% respectively. No significant differences in the survival rates were observed between them (p= 0.242). There was no statistically significant difference in the bond failure rates when the clinical performance of the maxillary versus the mandibular arches and the anterior versus the posterior segments were compared. CONCLUSIONS: Both systems had clinically acceptable bond failure rates and are adequate for orthodontic bonding needs

Improved velocity method for the determination of coefficient of consolidation

Parkin (1978) suggested the velocity method based on the observation that the theoretical rate of consolidation and time factor plot on a log-log scale yields an initial slope of 1:2 up to 50% consolidation. A new method is proposed that is an improvement over Parkin's velocity method because it minimizes the problems encountered in using that method. The results obtained agree with the other methods in use

Angular photogrammetric analysis of the soft-tissue facial profile of Indian adults

Introduction: Soft-tissue analysis has become an important component of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Photographic evaluation of an orthodontic patient is a very close representation of the appearance of the person. The previously established norms for soft-tissue analysis will vary for different ethnic groups. Thus, there is a need to develop soft-tissue facial profile norms pertaining to Indian ethnic groups. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study is to establish the angular photogrammetric standards of soft-tissue facial profile for Indian males and females and also to compare sexual dimorphism present between them. Materials and Methods: The lateral profile photographs of 300 random participants (150 males and 150 females) between ages 18 and 25 years were taken and analyzed using FACAD tracing software. Inclusion criteria were angles Class I molar occlusion with acceptable crowding and proclination, normal growth and development with well-aligned dental arches, and full complements of permanent teeth irrespective of third molar status. This study was conducted in Indian population, and samples were taken from various cities across India. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out, and sexual dimorphism was evaluated by Student's t-test between males and females. Results: The results of the present study showed statistically significant (P < 0.05) gender difference in 5 parameters out of 12 parameters in Indian population. Conclusion: In the present study, soft-tissue facial measurements were established by means of photogrammetric analysis to facilitate orthodontists to carry out more quantitative evaluation and make disciplined decisions. The mean values obtained can be used for comparison with records of participants with the same characteristics by following this photogrammetric technique

A Methodological Framework for Agricultural Research Organizations

Not AvailableWhy and how do some research institutions perform extraordinarily better and produce path-breaking innovations while others do not ? Are there any key drivers or characteristics that clearly mark out these exemplary centres of excellence ? Why does research productivity differ significantly across institutions ? What are the bottlenecks responsible for the below-average performance by some institutions ? What can research managers do, within the given resources, to create an enabling environment for scientists to produce outstanding and useful research outputs ? These questions are often asked by policymakers, funding agencies and the larger public as the public-funded R&D institutions in developing economies are subjected to greater scrutiny and accountability. Search for answers to such questions are also borne out of the genuine desire to strengthen research institutions and make them the paragons of science.Not Availabl