ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF HYMENAEA COURBARIL L. FRUIT

Objective: The assessment of the antimicrobial activity of Hymenaea courbaril L. on different microorganisms was realized with four bacteria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two yeasts Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and finally two filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger. Methods: The method of plates and wells was used, using extracts from the fruit of the plant mentioned above. These extracts were made with different solvents such as hexane, dichloromethane, ethanol, and aqueous. Results: It was determined that the dichloromethane extract of H. courbaril L. has antimicrobial activity against the bacterium S. aureus showing a percentage of inhibition of 1.47%. Conclusions: In comparison to bacteria, fungi do not represent a significant inhibitory capacity which represents that when comparing these extracts of this plant, under the test conditions evaluated, it was presented that they obtained antimicrobial activity against S. aureus

EVALUATION OF BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF AN ANTISEPTIC GELTHROUGH THE DILUTION-NEUTRALIZATION METHOD

Objective: To evaluate the bactericidal activity of an antiseptic gel for hygiene and disinfection of the hands by rubbing. Methods: The dilution-neutralization method was used according to Colombian Technical Standard NTC, 2009, 12, 16 in Instituto Colombiano de Normas Técnicas y Certificación (ICONTEC), 5 strains, over 6 different types and with 6 replicas per time were exposed to the antiseptic gel, using Letheen Broth as a neutralizer substance. Results: A 99% of reduction was obtained with Staphylococcus aureus 6538, Enterococos hirae 10541, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15442 and Klebsiella sp, within the first 30 s of exposure to the gel and within the first 60 s of exposure using the Escherichia coli 19538. All strains used coming from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Conclusion: It was confirmed that the product is effective. In presence of a neutralizer substance, the microorganisms were not inhibit, so the growing reduction occurs due to the action of the product

EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF A HYDROGEN PEROXIDE DISINFECTANT

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a disinfectant based on hydrogen peroxide.Methods: The method used to assess the efficacy of the disinfectant was the agar plate technique. With this procedure, it was possible to determine the percentage of inhibition of the high-level disinfectant of STERIS against four microorganisms, i.e., Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Staphylococcus aureus (Beta-Hemolytic 227), Salmonella choleraesuis (Kuznedorf CMDM 074), and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633). The effectiveness of five disinfectant concentrations (0.02%, 0.04%, 0.08%, 1%, and 2%) was determined and evaluated in three different times 5, 10, and 15 min, for vegetative strains and 3, 6, and 9 h for the sporulated strain.Results: According to the experimental test, the reduction of the microbial population was, on average, 100% for the disinfectant concentrations of 0.08%, 1%, and 2%.Conclusion: The results obtained demonstrated that the high-level disinfectant of STERIS based on hydrogen peroxide is 100% effective when the concentration recommended by the commercial house (2%) is used in the shortest time exposure to disinfectant. The minimum level of effectiveness was 0.08%; however, if lower concentrations are used, destruction of the microorganisms is not guaranteed

Evaluación del método dilución neutralización aplicado a un desinfectante según la Norma Técnica Colombiana 5473 de 2007

Assessment of the dilution-neutralization method with a disinfectant according to the Colombian Technical Norm 5473 of 2007.Objective. Evaluate the dilution-neutralization method proposed in the Colombian Technical Norm 5473/07, by using a gel, alcoholbaseddisinfectant. Materials and methods. This study was done using Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, Staphylococcus aureusATCC 6538, and Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541 as the assay microorganisms. The study was carried out at 20±1°C as obligatorytemperature and additionally at 36±1°C. Four contact times between microorganisms and the disinfectant were evaluated (0, 2, 5 and 10minutes). The assay was done both under clean conditions (0.3 g/L of bovine serum albumin), and unclean conditions (3 g/L of bovineserum albumin and 3g/L of sheep erythrocytes). Results. The implementation of this method produced precise results in all of the sixrepetitions used during the assay. The obtained results demonstrated a logarithmic reduction higher than five, demonstrating the bactericidalactivity exerted by the disinfectant on the control microorganisms. The established experimental conditions and methodology did notaffect negatively the growth of any of the strains of microorganisms. Similarly, the neutralizing used did not inhibit the development ofthe microorganisms of the assay. Conclusions. The method was verified by means of the fulfillment of the limits set by the rule. Ourresults suggest that the method evaluated by means of the implementation of the protocol established in the Colombian Technical Norm 5473/07, allows evaluating the effectiveness of a disinfectant under selected and controlled experimental conditions

Probiotics and their use in the treatment of diseases.

Revista Ciencias Biomédicas Vol.9, Núm.1 (2020) Pag. 54 - 66Introducción: Los probióticos son microorganismos vivos que confieren beneficios a la salud del huésped, cuando se consumen en cantidades adecuadas, proporcionando una acción protectora contra patógenos y beneficios nutricionales. Su uso está asociado principalmente a alimentos funcionales o suplementos dietarios que contribuyen a un mejoramiento de la salud principalmente en humanos. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se han venido estudiando nuevos usos de estos, como son la prevención y alivio de ciertas enfermedades principalmente gastrointestinales. Así mismo los probióticos se han convertido en una alternativa para el tratamiento de enfermedades infecciosas, para mitigar el efecto negativo que los antibióticos pueden generar sobre el microbioma de los pacientes. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica fue identificar y compilar estudios e investigaciones en las cuales se evidencie el papel que juegan los probióticos en la solución de dichos problemas. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron aquellos que permitieron dar respuesta a los objetivos planteados. Resultados: Se logro identificar diferentes estudios donde se evidencio el beneficio del uso de los probióticos para el tratamiento de diferentes enfermedades. Conclusiones: Los probióticos son una novedosa alternativa en el tratamiento contra patógenos y en la prevención de algunas enfermedades en humanos. Ya que estos contribuyen en la reducción del agente causal de la enfermedad, reducción de los síntomas, inducción de la actividad inmune o disminución en el riesgo de contraer la infección

IMPLEMENTACIÓN Y ESTANDARIZACIÓN DE LA TÉCNICA PARA LA DETERMINACIÓN DE POTENCIA MICROBIOLÓGICA DE NEOMICINA EN CREMA TÓPICA FABRICADA EN UNA PLANTA PRODUCTORA DE MEDICAMENTOS

The analytical procedure for determination of microbiological potency of neomycin in topical crearn was standardized and implemented. In order to that originating sarnples of three pilot batches of the product wereanalyzed, the sarnples were stored in the following conditions: 20•c-60% relative humidity, 30"C-70% relative hurnidity and 40•C-80% relative hurnidity. Nine processings settled down as it bases of the experimental design, which consisted of resulting combinations of the method of extraction of the sarnple with the conditions of storage. In order to separate the analito of interest of the product extraction with ether was used, extraction with ch!oroform and separation with ultrasound equipment. The method used in the analysis was the biological assay described by the USP. The obtain results showed that the processuigs with ether were adequated for the extractionof the sarnple since they presented inhibition zones similar to those of the standard with which they were éompared, the used methods were cylinder-plate ''plate" and discs in culture media

Objective: Antifungal activity of total ethanolic extract and fractions of Usnea varieties were proved against Aspergillus niger, Penicillium digitatum, and Rhizopus nigricans fungi. Methods: To perform the study of relative antifungal activity (AFR), flu

Objective: Antifungal activity of total ethanolic extract and fractions of Usnea varieties were proved against Aspergillus niger, Penicillium digitatum, and Rhizopus nigricans fungi. Methods: To perform the study of relative antifungal activity (AFR), fluconazole and ketoconazole were used as standards. The inhibition coefficient 50 (IC50) for each extract and the fractions was determined. Results: It was established that the highest activity was presented by the acetone fraction with a value of 58.53. In the study of antifungal activity, the fraction that presented the best activity against P. digitatum was ethanolic with a value of 44.33, while for R. nigricans was petrol extract, with a value of 75.35 and finally for A. niger was the total extract with a value of 35.48. Conclusions: Comparing the values obtained from the extract and the different fractions resulted in the dichloromethane fraction showing the best values

Evaluation Of Antibacterial Activity In Pelargonium Graveolens Extracts

The antibacterial activity of the total ethanolic extract and fractions of Pelargonium graveolens against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus spp. Methods: To measure the relative antimicrobial activity, the percentage of inhibition was calculated by the plate and well method. Results: It was established that the highest antimicrobial activity was presented by the oily extract without preference for Gram positive or Gram negative, the acetone fraction with a value of 58.53% inhibition. The hexane fraction has activity greater than 100% only against S. aureus. Conclusions: The extracts of P. graveolens present antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts, especially the oily extract, which presented the highest percentage of inhibition recorded against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, respectively; while for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis, the extract that presented the highest percentage of inhibition was ethyl acetate