Biodistribution of 213Bi–Metallothionein and 213Bi–IgG in Intact Mice

Abstract One of the important problems of radiopharmaceutics is the development of new approaches for the creation of radiopharmaceuticals based on antibodies while maintaining their specificity and affinity for antigens. The metal-binding protein metallothionein is proposed as a chelator for the α-emitting 213Bi radionuclide. The results of studying the biodistribution of 213Bi–metallothionein (213Bi–MT), 213Bi–immunoglobulin (213Bi–IgG), and unconjugated 213Bi in the form of 213BiCl3 in intact mice are presented

Меченные технецием-99m низкомолекулярные ингибиторы простат-специфического мембранного антигена

High morbidity and mortality rates of prostate cancer (PCa) determine the requirement of looking for new methods of its early diagnosis. Methods of nuclear medicine have a special place in addressing this problem as they allow functional, metabolic and other processes imaging in body, which occur during the cancer development. This approach supposes the use of radiopharmaceuticals (RP), which are capable of selective binding to a specific biological target, for example, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is known to be overexpressed in PCa. Current development of new radiotracers for PCa imaging is focused on low molecular weight PSMA inhibitors due to their high specific binding to PSMA and rapid urinary excretion. Technetium-99m remains the appropriate radionuclide for diagnostic studies due to its optimal nuclear properties, ease of production and versatile coordination chemistry. Therefore, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging with 99mTc-PSMA radioligands can be a cost effective alternative to PET with 68Ga- or 18F-labeled RP. The aim of this review is to summarize and analyze currently available data on 99mTc-labeled low molecular weight PSMA inhibitors for metastatic PCa imaging.Особое место в ранней диагностике заболеваемости раком предстательной железы (РПЖ) занимают методы ядерной медицины, которые позволяют визуализировать функциональные, метаболические и иные процессы в организме, возникающие при наличии онкологического процесса. Благодаря высокоспецифичному связыванию с простат-специфическим мембранным антигеном (ПСМА) и быстрому выведению из организма с мочой именно низкомолекулярные ингибиторы ПСМА доминируют при разработке новых радиоиндикаторов для визуализации РПЖ. Технеций-99m остается наиболее подходящим радионуклидом для диагностических исследований благодаря своим оптимальным физико-химическим свойствам и удобству получения. В связи с этим однофотонная эмиссионная компьютерная томография (ОФЭКТ) с радиолигандами к ПСМА, меченными 99mTc, может быть экономически выгодной альтернативой ПЭТ с препаратами на основе 68Ga или 18F. Цель данного обзора обобщить и проанализировать имеющиеся на сегодняшний день данные о меченных 99mTc низкомолекулярных ингибиторах ПСМА, предназначенных для визуализации метастатического РПЖ

PSMA-Targeted Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging and Therapy of Prostate Cancer

Abstract Molecular changes in prostate cancer lead to increased expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is a suitable target for imaging and therapy using radiopharmaceuticals. Data on the most effective clinically significant PSMA radiopharmaceuticals for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer are summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of ligands based on monoclonal antibodies and their fragments as well as small molecular PSMA inhibitors are discussed

Experimental Study of the Efficacy of Sodium Deoxyribonucleate Used in Combination with Co-Transplantation of Mesenchymal and Hematopoietic Stem Cells after Exposure to ?-Radiation

We studied the possibility of using sodium deoxyribonucleate (Derinat) for improving the efficiency of co-transplantation of mesenchymal (MSC) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) to female F1(CBA×C57BL/6) mice with bone marrow aplasia caused by exposure to ?-radiation. It was found that immunomodulator Derinat enhanced the effect of co-transplantation, in particular, triple post-irradiation administration of Derinat accelerated hematopoiesis recovery judging from the parameters of peripheral blood, total cellularity of the bone marrow and spleen, and animal survival. Single or double administration of Derinat prior to irradiation was ineffective. The optimal result was obtained when the following scheme was applied: MSC?HSC with an interval of 48 h starting during the first hours after irradiation and triple administration of Derinat (in 10-15 min, 3 and 7 days after irradiation) in a dose of 3 mg/mouse. © 2021, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

Microwave Radiometry in the Diagnosis of Various Urological Diseases

Microwave radiometry is based on measurement of the intrinsic electromagnetic irradiation of a patient’s internal tissues in the ultra-high frequency range. It is used with success in clinical practice. Results of studies of the diagnostic potential of microwave radiometry in different forms of acute pyelonephritis, renal colic, and acute inflammatory diseases of the prostate have demonstrated its informativeness and safety and have determined the value of this method in complex (including early) diagnosis and for monitoring of treatment efficacy. Use of microwave radiometry has been shown to reduce the number of errors and to increase the informativeness of existing X-ray and ultrasound diagnostic methods at the early stages of acute inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and prostate. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

Микроволновая радиотермометрия в диагностике некоторых урологических заболеваний

В клинической практике успешно применяется микроволновая радиотермометрия, основанная на измерении интенсивности собственного электромагнитного излучения внутренних тканей пациента в диапазоне сверхвысоких частот. Результаты проведенных исследований диагностических возможностей микроволновой радиотермометрии при различных формах острого пиелонефрита, почечной колике, острых воспалительных заболеваниях предстательной железы демонстрируют ее информативность, безопасность и определяют значение этого метода при комплексной (в том числе и ранней) диагностике, а также для контроля эффективности проводимой терапии. Определено, что применение микроволновой радиотермометрии позволяет сократить число ошибок и повысить информативность существующих методов рентгенологической и ультразвуковой диагностики на ранних стадиях острых воспалительных заболеваний почек и предстательной железы

Minimally Manipulated Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Can Be Used for Tissue Engineering In Situ and Simultaneous Formation of Personalized Tissue Models

Red bone marrow and autologous bone tissue (bone fragments and bone chips) of the donor were harvested intraoperatively during autoplasty of talus bone defect. Titanium chips were obtained by grinding a fragment of a microporous titanium-coated hip arthroplasty (Zimmer). Bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated in the operating room, and bone and titanium fragments were incubated with a suspension of mononuclear cells. The quality of revitalization was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and histological examination after culturing of adherent cells on the bone and titanium fragments. During culturing on bone chips, bone marrow mononuclear fraction cells demonstrated significantly higher metabolic activity than bone marrow cells (p=0.04). Mononuclear fraction cells were also capable of stable colonization of titanium fragments with the formation of composite tissue model. © 2022, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature