57 research outputs found
Photonic molecules and spectral engineering
This chapter reviews the fundamental optical properties and applications of
pho-tonic molecules (PMs) - photonic structures formed by electromagnetic
coupling of two or more optical microcavities (photonic atoms). Controllable
interaction between light and matter in photonic atoms can be further modified
and en-hanced by the manipulation of their mutual coupling. Mechanical and
optical tunability of PMs not only adds new functionalities to
microcavity-based optical components but also paves the way for their use as
testbeds for the exploration of novel physical regimes in atomic physics and
quantum optics. Theoretical studies carried on for over a decade yielded novel
PM designs that make possible lowering thresholds of semiconductor microlasers,
producing directional light emission, achieving optically-induced transparency,
and enhancing sensitivity of microcavity-based bio-, stress- and
rotation-sensors. Recent advances in material science and nano-fabrication
techniques make possible the realization of optimally-tuned PMs for cavity
quantum electrodynamic experiments, classical and quantum information
processing, and sensing.Comment: A review book chapter: 29 pages, 19 figure
Investigation of methods for adhesion characterization of evaporated aluminum layers
This paper analyzes methods for measuring the adhesion quality of aluminum (Al) rear metallization deposited by means of physical vapour deposition (PVD) on rear passivation layers of passivated emitter and rear silicon solar cells (PERC). Since the standard test procedures for adhesion testing of solar cells cannot be applied, a peel-test and a direct-pull method are introduced and used for measuring the adhesion of test samples; criteria for adhesion evaluation are developed and applied. The results of adhesion tests are compared and are in good general agreement. The applicability of the two methods is discussed and it is found that the peel-test shows more reliable results whereas the direct-pull method is easier in preparation. Moreover, the results of the test samples show sufficiently good adhesion quality for the PVD rear metallization of PERC solar cells
Competitiveness of a European PV Manufacturing Chain
Today, solar power is one of the cheapest ways of providing energy internationally, partly because of the excellent R&D work in Europe. Prices of modules have fallen by half in the past three years, and at the same time the use of solar power has been steadily increasing. The reason why there has been an increase in the use of solar energy in Europe and Germany is the achievement of the climate targets of the Paris Agreement. While the machines for the production of solar modules are still manufactured in Germany, the production of cells has now almost completely migrated to Asia. Therefore, the VDMA commissioned a study from Fraunhofer ISE to evaluate whether the production of solar modules at competitive costs could again be realized in Europe. This paper presents the results of the VDMA study
The coronary-vessels of Insectivora. with a contribution to the lymphatic-vessel-system of the eutherian-heart, examinated on hearts of Erinaceus europaeus L.
Functional Characterization of Core Components of the Bacillus subtilis Cyclic-Di-GMP Signaling Pathway
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