Relating Gribov-Zwanziger theory to effective Yang-Mills theory

We consider the Gribov-Zwanziger (GZ) theory with appropriate horizon term which exhibits the nilpotent BRST invariance. This infinitesimal BRST transformation has been generalized by allowing the parameter to be finite and field dependent (FFBRST). By constructing appropriate finite field dependent parameter we show that the generating functional of GZ theory with horizon term is related to that of Yang-Mills (YM) theory through FFBRST transformation.Comment: 14 pages, No figure, to appear in Europhysics Lette

A Study on Principal Component Analysis over Wireless Channel

Applications in many fields such as the internet of things (IoT), stock market, image compression, food adulteration, wireless physical layer key generation, etc. are becoming progressively complex due to a large number of users and increment in their usage. Data obtained by these applications are in huge amount creating a high computational cost. Further, it is difficult to handle and analyze it. To deal with such problems, dimensionality reduction techniques are used and one of the dimensionality reduction techniques is the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). In this paper, PCA is applied over a wireless Rician channel with AWGN at different SNR. It is concluded that the information content is more in less number of principal components with samples at higher SNR. It is also observed that the different combinations of several groups and elements in the sample space provide a different cumulative percentage of information

“I Forgot My Numbers and the Machine Swallowed It Up”: Adults With Learning Disabilities Share Their Perspectives on the Shift to a Cashless Society

Introduction This paper examines the experiences of people with learning disabilities in the United Kingdom as society transitions towards cashless transactions and services. It is a significant study because it highlights the need to understand their digital financial experiences. Methods This study employed an inclusive, interpretivist approach, focusing on participatory methods. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse data from focus groups including 40 people with learning disabilities across 3 day services. This original study included co-researchers with lived experience of learning disabilities who assisted in data collection and analysis. Results Four key themes emerged: heterogeneity of preferences for cash versus digital payments; the urgent need for support and training in digital financial literacy; balancing safeguarding and fostering independence; and accessibility challenges in physical and online banking environments. Conclusions The shift to a cashless society poses significant challenges for people with learning disabilities, requiring tailored support and training in digital finance. Financial institutions should be cognisant of these needs, suggesting that systemic changes are required for improved financial inclusion. The study highlights the importance of including people with learning disabilities in the design of digital financial tools and policies, to support their financial autonomy and independence

Toxicity Assessment of Nickel Nitrate and Effect on Total Leucocyte Count in Albino Rat

Heavy metals contribute a variety of adverse health effects. There are over 20 different heavy metal toxins that can impact health effects and each toxin produces different behavioural and physiological misconduct in an exposed individual. Heavy metals have bioimportance as trace element but the biotoxic effects of many of them in human biochemistry are of great concern. Hence, there is a need for understanding of the conditions such as concentration and oxidation states which make them harmful and how biotoxicity occurs. Nickel nitrate affects body physiology following its absorption through food, water and air. Predetermined doses of nickel nitrate (Ni(NO3)2] in acute (1d) and subacute (7, 14, 21, 28ds) treatments revealed significant increase in total leucocyte count (TLC). The results indicate extent of toxicity and enhancement in total leucocyte count under toxic stress of nickel nitrate in albino rat

Toxicological Profile of Aluminium Sulphate and Effect on Protein Profile in Albino Rat

World is full of xenobiotic substances such as heavy metal, pesticide and other pollutic agents. Heavy metal is a metallic element of relatively high density greater than 4gm/cm3 or 5 times more greater than water and is toxic even at low concentration. Heavy metals occur as a natural constituent of earth crust, can be emitted into environment by both natural and anthropogenic causes. Major cause of emission is the mining operations. Predetermined doses of aluminium sulphate in acute (1d) and subacute (7, 14, 21, 28ds) treatments revealed significant increase in albumin and globulin. The results are encouraging and highlight the toxic profile of aluminum sulphate and its effect on protein profile in albino rat

Full Proceedings

Papers, abstracts and proceedings of the Fourth Annual Himalayan Policy Research Conference, Thursday, October 22, 2009, Madison Concourse Hotel and Governors\u27 Club, Preconference Venue of the 38th South Asian Conference at the University of Wisconsin-Madison

Full Proceedings

Papers, abstracts and proceedings of the Third Annual Himalayan Policy Research Conference, Thursday, October 16, 2008, Madison Concourse Hotel and Governors\u27 Club, Preconference Venue of the 37th South Asian Conference at the University of Wisconsin-Madiso

Full Proceedings

Papers, abstracts and proceedings of the Seventh Annual Himalayan Policy Research Conference, Thursday, October 11, 2012, Madison Concourse Hotel and Governors\u27 Club, Preconference Venue of the 41st South Asian Conference at the University of Wisconsin-Madiso

A systematic review of current knowledge of HIV epidemiology and of sexual behaviour in Nepal

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review information on HIV epidemiology and on sexual behaviour in Nepal with a view to identifying gaps in current knowledge. METHODS: Systematic review covering electronic databases, web-based information, personal contact with experts and hand searching of key journals. RESULTS: HIV-1 seroprevalence has been rising rapidly in association with high-risk behaviours, with current levels of 40% amongst the nation's injecting drug users and approaching 20% amongst Kathmandu's female commercial sex workers (FCSWs). HIV seroprevalence remains low in the general population (0.29% of 15–49 year olds). There are significant methodological limitations in many of the seroprevalence studies identified, and these estimates need to be treated with caution. There are extensive migration patterns both within the country and internationally which provide the potential for considerable sexual networking. However, studies of sexual behaviour have focused on FCSWs and the extent of sexual networks within the general population is largely unknown. CONCLUSIONS: Whilst some of the ingredients are present for an explosive HIV epidemic in Nepal, crucial knowledge on sexual behaviour in the general population is missing. Research on sexual networking is urgently required to guide HIV control in Nepal. There is also a need for further good-quality epidemiological studies of HIV seroprevalence