CLARIN: Common language resources and technology infrastructure

This paper gives an overview of the CLARIN project [1], which aims to create a research infrastructure that makes language resources and technology (LRT) available and readily usable to scholars of all disciplines, in particular the humanities and social sciences (HSS)

Public Participation Organizations and Open Policy:A Constitutional Moment for British Democracy?

This article builds on work in Science and Technology Studies and cognate disciplines concerning the institutionalization of public engagement and participation practices. It describes and analyses ethnographic qualitative research into one “organization of participation,” the UK government–funded Sciencewise program. Sciencewise’s interactions with broader political developments are explored, including the emergence of “open policy” as a key policy object in the UK context. The article considers what the new imaginary of openness means for institutionalized forms of public participation in science policymaking, asking whether this is illustrative of a “constitutional moment” in relations between society and science policymaking

Using machining force feedback to quantify grain size in beta titanium

The fluctuating forces on the cutting tool generated during machining of β processed Ti-17 alloy are shown to contain sufficient information to enable measurement of β grain size to an equivalent accuracy of standard etching methods. Three orthogonal forces were gathered, cutting force tangential to the rotation, the force in the feed (radial) direction, and the normal force in the longitudinal axis. Each individual force produced a microstructure image with a high level of contrast but in some cases did not fully highlight all features as shown in the optical image of the equivalent area. By normalising and combining the three forces into a vector, followed by noise reduction, a high-resolution image with sufficient detail to undertake grain size measurements using the linear intercept was produced. The measured grain size differed by no more than 5% with respect the grain size measured in the etched micrograph. It is believed that the forces which have a higher proportion of elastic response in their total values, i.e., the feed and normal forces, produced the higher contrast images, indicating that elastic stresses produce the highest contrast between grains and plastic strains smear out the grain to grain variation

Non-zero temperature charmonium potentials from the lattice.

A reliable calculation of the charmonium potential at non-zero temperature from first principles is required as part of a wider effort to understand the phase transition of hadronic matter to quark-gluon plasma at high temperature. The interquark potential inside hot matter produced in heavy ion collisions can not be measured directly. Therefore the precise role of the intcrquark potential in quark-gluon plasma formation can currently only be determined through a reliable theoretical calculation. In this thesis charmonium potentials are obtained from dynamical lattice simulations of quantum chromodynamics by analysing correlators using two different approaches; i) conventional fitting - correlators are fitted in the conventional manner familiar from hadron spectroscopy on the lattice; ii) the HAL QCD time-dependent method - a novel technique borrowed from nuclear physics is used to derive an expression for the potential directly in terms of the correlators. Recent lattice QCD studies relevant to the charmonium potential fall into two categories: i) non-zero temperature studies of the static quark potential; ii) zero temperature studios with i)hysical charm masses. The results presented in this thesis are novel because they are from a study of the charnionium potential using physical charm masses at non-zero temperature. The charmonium potential obtained from conventional fitting is found to be temperature dependent, as the temperature increases, the potential flattens. However the method suffers from certain reliability issues. The time-dependent method is found to be more suitable than conventional fitting for studying the interquark potential at high temperature. Using the time-dependent method the charmonium potential between 0.76Tc and 1.09Tc is found to be temperature dependent. The result is reliable and shows the potential flattening as the temperature increases, which is consistent with the expectation that at high temperature the interquark potential becomes colour-Debye screened. Extracting the potential from temperatures higher than 1.09Tc would have led to unreliable results, but this limit is specific to the configurations used and not the method itself. The study shows that if configurations are generated with the time-dependent method in mind, then it can be used to extract the charmonium potential at temperatures higher than 1.09Tc

Charmonium Potentials at Non-Zero Temperature

The charmonium potential at non-zero temperature has been studied using gauge configurations with anisotropic lattices and 2+1 dynamical flavors of light sea quarks. We use the HAL QCD time-dependent method developed for the study of nucleon-nucleon potentials. To serve as input, local-extended charmonium correlators were calculated. The results are consistent with the expectation that the potential between heavy quarks should become deconfining at high temperatures

Charmonium Potentials at Non-Zero Temperature

The charmonium potential at non-zero temperature has been studied using gauge configurations with anisotropic lattices and 2+1 dynamical flavors of light sea quarks. We use the HAL QCD time-dependent method developed for the study of nucleon-nucleon potentials. To serve as input, local-extended charmonium correlators were calculated. The results are consistent with the expectation that the potential between heavy quarks should become deconfining at high temperatures

Industrial constructions of publics and public knowledge: a qualitative investigation of practice in the UK chemicals industry

This is a post print version of the article. The official published version can be obtained from the link below - © 2007 by SAGE PublicationsWhile the rhetoric of public engagement is increasingly commonplace within industry, there has been little research that examines how lay knowledge is conceptualized and whether it is really used within companies. Using the chemicals sector as an example, this paper explores how companies conceive of publics and "public knowledge," and how this relates to modes of engagement/communication with them. Drawing on qualitative empirical research in four companies, we demonstrate that the public for industry are primarily conceived as "consumers" and "neighbours," having concerns that should be allayed rather than as groups with knowledge meriting engagement. We conclude by highlighting the dissonance between current advocacy of engagement and the discourses and practices prevalent within industry, and highlight the need for more realistic strategies for industry/public engagement.Funding was received from the ESRC Science in Society Programme

The use of Fe-30% Ni and Fe-30% Ni-Nb alloys as model systems for studying the microstructural evolution during the hot deformation of austenite

The development of physically-based models of microstructural evolution during thermomechanical processing of metallic materials requires knowledge of the internal state variable data, such as microstructure, texture, and dislocation substructure characteristics, over a range of processing conditions. This is a particular problem for steels, where transformation of the austenite to a variety of transformation products eradicates the hot deformed microstructure. This article reports on a model Fe-30wt% Ni-based alloy, which retains a stable austenitic structure at room temperature, and has, therefore, been used to model the development of austenite microstructure during hot deformation of conventional low carbon-manganese steels. It also provides an excellent model alloy system for microalloy additions. Evolution of the microstructure and crystallographic texture was characterized in detail using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, EBSD, and TEM. The dislocation substructure has been quantified as a function of crystallographic texture component for a variety of deformation conditions for the Fe-30% Ni-based alloy. An extension to this study, as the use of a microalloyed Fe-30% Ni-Nb alloy in which the strain induced precipitation mechanism was studied directly. The work has shown that precipitation can occur at a much finer scale and higher number density than hitherto considered, but that pipe diffusion leads to rapid coarsening. The implications of this for model development are discussed

Towards an analytical framework of science communication models

This chapter reviews the discussion in science communication circles of models for public communication of science and technology (PCST). It questions the claim that there has been a large-scale shift from a ‘deficit model’ of communication to a ‘dialogue model’, and it demonstrates the survival of the deficit model along with the ambiguities of that model. Similar discussions in related fields of communication, including the critique of dialogue, are briefly sketched. Outlining the complex circumstances governing approaches to PCST, the author argues that communications models often perceived to be opposed can, in fact, coexist when the choices are made explicit. To aid this process, the author proposes an analytical framework of communication models based on deficit, dialogue and participation, including variations on each

Don't forget subterranean ecosystems in climate change agendas

Non peer reviewe