50 research outputs found
Establishment of mass spectrometric fingerprints of novel synthetic cholesteryl neoglycolipids: The presence of a unique C-glycoside species during electrospray ionization and during collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato GENOTYPES IN DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AND HUMANS IN GOLESTAN PROVINCE, IRAN
Patterns and processes in the drift of early developmental stages of fish in rivers: a review
What do we know to evaluate the health of brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations?
peer reviewedLe retour au premier plan de la notion de santé des écosystèmes met en évidence
la préoccupation de la société à mettre en oeuvre des mesures pour la protection des milieux
anthropisés. Les critères d’évaluation de la santé des peuplements piscicoles mis en oeuvre
sont rarement débattus au sein de la communauté scientifique. L’exercice proposé ici devait
permettre d’avoir ce débat sur la truite commune (Salmo trutta), espèce phare des cours
d’eau situés en tête de bassin, qui représentent la majorité du réseau hydrographique français.
La démarche visait à recueillir la conception qu’avait un nombre restreint d’experts, sur
le fonctionnement de ces populations et sur les critères d’évaluation de leur fonctionnement.
Les paramètres clé régulant chaque stade de développement ont été identifiés et hiérarchisés.
Unconsensus s’est dégagé sur le fait que, dans l’état actuel des connaissances, le diagnostic peut être établi sur la base de l’analyse des paramètres abiotiques essentiels pour la biologie
et, plus difficilement, sur l’analyse des paramètres biotiques. Pour tous les stades de développement,
les paramètres identifiés sont liés à l’habitat (qualité du substrat, conditions
hydrauliques, température et qualité de l’eau), l’hydrologie et la connectivité. Des connaissances
demandent d’être acquises pour définir des critères biologiques. Cela implique de
renforcer la surveillance biologique à long terme et les actions de recherche pour caractériser
la variabilité des paramètres biologiques et identifier les échelles spatio-temporelles pertinentes
et les processus fonctionnels
A preliminary investigation of spawning migrations of grayling in a small stream as determined by radio-tracking
Adult grayling Thymallus thymallus migrated from 230 to 4980 m up the Aisne stream, Belgium, to spawn between 18 and 29 March, under decreasing floods, increasing temperature and low turbidity.Males (n=4) arrived on spawning grounds several days earlier than females (n=2), stayed there longer (10-19 v. 2-3 days), and occupied a single ground each, whereas females moved between several places. After spawning, all grayling homed precisely into the pool-riffle sequences where they were tagged in late February, and remained here until late June. These observations indicate that resident grayling are far less mobile than autumn-spawning salmonids, and that the environmental factors triggering spawning migrations resemble more closely those of spring-spawning cyprinids than of other salmonids. The implications of these restricted mobility patterns are discussed within the scope of population structure, and impact of river management
Dose-intensity of a four-drug chemotherapy regimen with or without recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a multicenter randomized phase III study.
Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Dosage Forms of Clarithromycin
The purpose of this research was to develop the hydrodynamically balanced delivery system of Clarithromycin (CLA) which, after oral administration should have the ability to prolong gastric residence time with the desired in vitro release profile for the localized action in the stomach, in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) mediated peptic ulcer. By applying wet granulation technique floating tablets of Clarithromycin were prepared. The proportion of sodium bicarbonate was varied to get the least possible lag time, also the polymer part varied to get the desired release. In vivo radiographic studies were performed with Barium sulphate loaded formulation to justify the increased gastric residence time of the dosage form in the stomach, based on the floating principle. The formulation developed using 66.2% Clarithromycin, 12% HPMC K4M polymer, 8% sodium bicarbonate gave floating lag time less than 3 min with a floating time of 12 h, and an in vitro release profile very near to the desired release. X-ray studies showed the enhanced gastric residence time of the tablet to 220 ± 30 min. The mechanism of release of Clarithromycin from the floating tablets is anomalous diffusion transport and follows zero order kinetics. In vivo radiographic studies suggest that the tablet has increased gastric residence time for the effective localized action of the antibiotic (Clarithromycin) in the treatment of H.pylori mediated peptic ulcer