A Study of the Holding Power of the Elizabethton Community Schools

Purpose of the Study: Because of the serious problem revealed by available statistics, the writer was urged to study the problem of school withdrawals from Elizabethton High School and its fourteen feeder schools in Carter County, Tennessee. It was hoped that the results of such a study would reveal some possibilities of increasing the holding power of these schools, and that the schools could then help more youth reach their potential or optimum development. Concern about the problem of high school withdrawal has been prevalent for some time, but little or no anxiety has been expressed for the problem of elementary school leavers. The writer felt it was of vital importance to study this problem of pupil survival of the Elizabethton High School and its fourteen feeder schools in the light of the preceding statements and the following information: 1. Many students exhibited a disinterested attitude toward school work. 2. Many students left without giving an intelligent reason. 3. There was evidence that the school was not exhausting all its resources to motivate optimum development in all pupils. 4. Approximately 45 per cent dropped out of school prior to graduation, 44 per cent graduated, and 11 per cent were continuing in school after failing a grade

Chicora Research Contribution 562

This report provides the results of a cultural resources investigation of a 4.20 mile transmission line situated in the northeast portion of Lancaster County. The study was conducted by Andrew Hyder of Chicora Foundation for Mr. Tommy Jackson of Central Electric Power Cooperative and is intended to assist this client comply with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the regulations codified in 36CFR800

Chicora research contribution 587

This report provides the results of a cultural resources investigation of a 6.01 mile transmission line situated in the central east portion of Dorchester County and central west portion of Berkeley County. The work is intended to assist this client comply with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the regulations codified in 36CFR800

Chicora research contribution 594

This report provides the results of a cultural resources investigation of an approximately 11.74 miles of corridor proposed for the use of a transmission line extending from an existing breaker station on Highway 9 in north central Chester County to the proposed Aycock substation in the south central York County. Andrew Hyder conducted the study, under the supervision of Dr. Michael Trinkley of Chicora Foundation for Mr. Tommy Jackson of Central Electric Power Cooperative. The work is intended to assist this client comply with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the regulations codified in 36CFR800

Chicora Research Contribution 577

This report provides the results of a cultural resources investigation of a transmission substation lot and corridor in west central Williamsburg County, about 3.5 miles north of the City of Kingstree in the vicinity of Brockington, South Carolina. Andrew P. Hyder and Kyndra Beatty conducted this study, under the supervision of Dr. Michael Trinkley of Chicora Foundation for Mr. Tommy Jackson of Central Electric Power Cooperative. The work is intended to assist this client comply with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the regulations codified in 36CFR800

Chicora research contribution 589

This report provides the results of a cultural resources investigation of a 1.3-mile transmission line and associated 5.0-acre substation situated in north central Dillon County. The work is intended to assist this client comply with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the regulations codified in 36CFR800

Chicora research contribution 588

This report provides the results of a cultural resources investigation of a 3.7 mile transmission line and associated 3.4 acre substation situated in northwestern Union County. The work is intended to assist this client comply with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the regulations codified in 36CFR800

Validation of FOAM near-surface ocean current forecasts using Lagrangian drifting buoys

In this study, the quality of near-surface current forecasts from the FOAM ocean forecasting system is assessed using the trajectories of Lagrangian drifting buoys. A method is presented for deriving pseudo-Eulerian estimates of ocean currents from the positions of Surface Velocity Program drifters and the resulting data are compared to velocities observed by the global tropical moored buoy array. A quantitative analysis of the global FOAM velocities is performed for the period 2007 and 2008 using currents derived from over 3000 unique drifters (providing an average of 650 velocity observations per day). A potential bias is identified in the Southern Ocean which appears to be caused by wind-slip in the drifter dataset as a result of drogue loss. The drifter-derived currents are also used to show how the data assimilation scheme and a recent system upgrade impact upon the quality of FOAM current forecasts

Implementation of a Matrix Crack Spacing Parameter in a Continuum Damage Mechanics Finite Element Model

Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) based progressive damage and failure analysis (PDFA) methods have demonstrated success in a variety of finite element analysis (FEA) implementations. However, the technical maturity of CDM codes has not yet been proven for the full design space of composite materials in aerospace applications. CDM-based approaches represent the presence of damage by changing the local material stiffness definitions and without updating the original mesh or element integration schemes. Without discretely representing cracks and their paths through the mesh, damage in models with CDM-based materials is often distributed in a region of partially damaged elements ahead of stress concentrations. Having a series of discrete matrix cracks represented by a softened region may affect predictions of damage propagation and, thus, structural failure. This issue can be mitigated by restricting matrix damage development to discrete, fiber-aligned rows of elements; hence CDM-based matrix cracks can be implemented to be more representative of discrete matrix cracks. This paper evaluates the effect of restricting CDM matrix crack development to discrete, fiber-aligned rows where the spacing of these rows is controlled by a user-defined crack spacing parameter. Initially, the effect of incrementally increasing matrix crack spacing in a unidirectional center notch coupon is evaluated. Then, the lessons learned from the center notch specimen are applied to open-hole compression finite element models. Results are compared to test data, and the limitations, successes, and potential of the matrix crack spacing approach are discussed

Grazing Affects Pest and Beneficial Invertebrates in Australian Pastures

Grazing annual subterranean pastures in Western Australia to targeted levels of pasture mass, instead of at a set stocking rate, affected numbers of invertebrates at the commencement of the following season. Treatments were controlled grazing to 1.4 t ha-1 or 2.8 t ha -1 dry weight of green pasture and set stocking at the average for the district. Grazing reduced numbers of redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor, but increased numbers of lucerne flea, Sminthurus viridis. The most likely reason for the reverse effect on lucerne flea was the presence of an effective predator, the pasture snout mite, Bdellodes lapidaria, which was itself adversely affected by grazing. Despite this, controlled grazing is advantageous for pest management as it is effective in reducing numbers of the redlegged earth mite, which is the more serious pest, and will not allow very large populations of lucerne flea to develop because of the direct effect on that pest