Computational investigations, hirshfeld surface analysis, interaction energy calculations, and energy framework crystal structure of methyl 2-amino-5-hydroxybenzoate

The title compound with the molecular formula C8H9NO3 is synthesized by refluxing 2-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid in methanol. The molecular structure of the compound is determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Methyl 2-amino-5-hydroxybenzoate crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P212121 with a = 4.973(2) Å, b = 10.923(5) Å, c = 14.074(6) Å, Z = 4 and V = 764.4(6) Å3. DFT is used to compute HOMO–LUMO energy levels, to predict the reactivity of substituents (NH2 and OH), and to determine the nucleophilic character of these two groups. The orientation and nature of substituents on benzene favors the formation of a stable six-membered ring via hydrogen bonding which plays a key role in the properties of the investigated compound. The natural bond orbital (NBO) population analysis demonstrates that the hyperconjugative effect between the donor lone pairs located on the carbonyl oxygen atom and the N–H group, via the lp O → σ*(N–H) 1,6-remote interaction, is responsible for the preferred conformation. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface shows the electrical neutrality in the molecule. To get an insight to the intermolecular interactions in the crystal a Hirshfeld surface analysis is also carried out.Fil: Saeed, Aamer. Quaid-I-azam University; PakistánFil: Shabir, Ghulam. Quaid-I-azam University; PakistánFil: Channar, P. A.. Quaid-I-azam University; PakistánFil: Flörke, U.. Hacettepe University; TurquíaFil: Hökelek, T.. Universität Paderborn; AlemaniaFil: Erben, Mauricio Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino"; Argentin

Role of Ectonucleotidases in the Synapse Formation During Brain Development: Physiological and Pathological Implications

Extracellular adenine nucleotides and nucleosides, such as ATP and adenosine, are among the most recently identified and least investigated diffusible signaling factors that contribute to the structural and functional remodeling of the brain, both during embryonic and postnatal development. Their levels in the extracellular milieu are tightly controlled by various ectonucleotidases: ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases (E-NPP), alkaline phosphatases (AP), ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (E-NTPDases) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (eN). During central nervous system development and in adulthood all ectonucleotidases have diverse expression pattern, cell specific localization and function. Formation, maturation, and refinement of synaptic contacts are influenced by neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, and control of extracellular adenine nucleotide levels by ectonucleotidases are important for understanding the role of purinergic signaling in developing tissues and potential targets in developmental disorders such as autism