Properties of Nano Generalized Pre c-Interior in a Nano Topological Space

The aim of this paper is to introduce and study the properties the nano generalized pre c- interior of a set such as nano generalized pre c-border and nano generalized pre c-exterior in a nano topological space

Studies on the influence of Microcystis aeruginosa on the ecology and fish production of carp culture ponds

In many fish ponds, blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria) constitute the greater part of the phytoplankton. Of the blue-green algae common in fish ponds, Microcystis aeruginosa is said to be a noxious species. Itsometimes forms spectacular water blooms, often with harmful consequences such as depletion of oxygen, poor growth of fish and even mass mortality among the fish. The present study was aimed atinvestigating the influence of different levels of M. aeruginosa on the water quality and fish production of carp culture ponds. For the present study, three carp culture ponds with high, moderate and low levels ofM. aeruginosa were selected. In the three ponds, physico-chemical parameters of water, phyto- and zooplankton and fish production were studied. The results indicated that the fish yield was low withconcomitant fish mortalities in the pond with high levels of M. aeruginosa compared to the other two ponds. The influence of the different levels of M. aeruginosa on other planktonic groups and in turn their effect on fish production were analyzed and discussed in the light of the existing literature

Individual case safety reports by nursing staff: a retrospective pharmacovigilance analysis

Background: The burden of adverse drug reactions is high and accounts for considerable morbidity which can be prevented if healthcare professionals have proper knowledge. Early and spontaneous reporting of ADRs is the mainstay of pharmacovigilance program. Since staff nurses are closely involved in direct patient care, they can easily identify ADRs in the early stage. This study was done to assess the extent of participation of nurses in pharmacovigilance program in our institution.Methods: Retrospective observational study was conducted by analyzing the 210 Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSR) of 2years duration. Causality assessment in the ICSR was analyzed. Severity of the reactions was categorized into mild, moderate and severe according to Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale. Descriptive statistics were used.Results: There were 177 cases reported by faculties and 33 were by the staff nurses.19 nurses reported 33 adverse effects (1:1.7) whereas 41 faculties 177 events (1:4). On analyzing the severity of reactions, 188 cases were categorized as moderate (89.5%), 20 mild (9.5%) and 2 severe (1%). In moderate category of 188 reports, 82 % reporting was by faculties and 18% by staff nurses. All the 33 reports by nurses were of moderate category (100%). In the mild and severe category, 100% reporting was by faculties. Causality analysis showed that 194 were classified as probable (92%), 14 as Possible (7%) and 2as certain (1%). In probable category 85% of reporting was by faculties and 15% by nurses, in possible group 71 % by faculties and 29% by nurses and 100% by faculties in severe category.Conclusions: Training and dedicated participation of nurses can improve reporting of ICSR

DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ANALYTICAL METHOD AND ITS VALIDATION FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SALBUTAMOL SULPHATE IN BULK AND MARKETED FORMULATIONS

Objective: The present study aims to develop a simple, sensitive, specific, and validated colorimetric method for the quantitative estimation of Salbutamol Sulphate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form.Method: A simple colorimetric method for the determination of Salbutamol Sulphate in pure as well as in its dosage form has been developed. The method is based on formation of a blue coloured chromogen by the interaction of Salbutamol Sulphate with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent under basic condition and the maximum absorbance of the developed chromogen was found. The developed method is validated in terms of Linearity, Accuracy, Precision, Limit of Detection, Limit of Quantitation, as per ICH Guidelines.Results: The λmax was found to be 723nm for assay. Linearity was found in the concentration range of 10-50 µg/ml respectively with a correlation coefficient of 0.9979. The regression equation was found as y=bx+a: 0.0199x+0.0208.Conclusion: The proposed method makes use of simple reagent, which an ordinary analytical laboratory can afford. The method was found to be simple, precise, economic and less time consuming. The method has been statistically evaluated and results obtained are accurate, precise and insensitive and free from the interferences of other additives present in the formulation

A Comparative study to Assess the Effectiveness of Acupressure Vs Reflexology on Premenstrual Syndrome among Adolescent Girls in Selected Schools at Erode, Tamilnadu

A True experimental design was used to assess the effectiveness of acupressure Vs reflexology on premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls in selected schools at Erode, Tamilnadu. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: 1. To assess the level of premenstrual syndrome among Experimental Group I of adolescent girls before and after acupressure. 2. To assess the level of premenstrual syndrome among Experimental Group II of adolescent girls before and after reflexology. 3. To determine the effectiveness of acupressure and reflexology on pre menstrual syndrome among adolescent girls in Experimental Group I and II. 4. To compare the effectiveness of acupressure and reflexology on pre menstrual syndrome among adolescent girls in experimental group I and II. 5. To find out the association between post test scores of pre menstrual syndrome among experimental group I and II of adolescent girls with their demographic variables. The theoretical framework used in this study was based on Imogene King’s Goal Attainment theory. The sample size of the study was 250 adolescent girls, the instrument used for data collection were a structured interview to collect demographic variable. Assessment of level of premenstrual syndrome was measured by Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS). Acupressure (Experimental group I) and Reflexology (Experimental group II) was given to adolescent girls on individual basis. Assessment of Effectiveness of Acupressure and Reflexology on level of premenstrual syndrome was measured by using same pre test scale. MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: ♦ Acupressure and reflexology is an intervention in reducing premenstrual syndrome as the pre test mean premenstrual syndrome score (161.98 ± 6.63, which is 81%) and (160.61± 7.15, which is 80%) was less than the post test mean premenstrual syndrome score (82.48 ± 4.23, which is 41%) and (76.74 ± 5.2, which is 38%) in experimental group I and II respectively. The calculated unpaired ‘t’ value (t= 21.91 and t = 23.46) was higher than the table value (t 124 = 1.980, p<0.05). ♦ There was a significant reduction in post test premenstrual syndrome score of adolescent girls in experimental group I than the post test premenstrual syndrome score of experimental group II. The computed ‘t’ value (t= 9.56) was greater than the table value (t 248 = 2.828, p<0.05) ♦ There is no significant association between post test premenstrual syndrome score with demographic variables of adolescent girls in experimental group I and II. ♦ There is significant association between post test premenstrual syndrome score with demographic variables of adolescent girls in experimental group I with education of parent and experimental group II with class (Standard). CONCLUSION: Acupressure and reflexology is an effective intervention to reduce the level of premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls. But reflexology was more effective than acupressure on premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls. The result of the study showed that regular practice of acupressure and reflexology would be beneficial in reducing the premenstrual syndrome

Nitrogen management in soybean (Glycine max (L.)) and pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan( L.))

Soybean (Glycine mm (L) Merrill) crop is becoming increasingly popular in central India, particularly in the Vertisol (Black soil) region. Today it commands an area of 5.6 m ha in the states of Madhya Pradesh and Maharastra Some area is also planted to the crop in Uttar Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh. An analysis of the area and yield trend of soybean in India show that although the area expanded at a compound rate of 600 per cent, the productivity increase is negligible. The crop yield was low, 862 kg ha.' Pigeonpea (Cajamrs cajm (L) Millsp) is an important grain legume crop of the semi arid tropics (SAT) India is the major pigeonpea producing country accounting for over 90 per cent of the global pigeonpea production. The productivity of the crop in India is low, 533 kg ha.'..

Synthesis and Bioassay of Azolyl Benzothiazine Carboxamides

Cyclic sulfonamides (sultams) gained importance due to their potential pharmaceutical activity. Amongst these, 1,2-benzothiazine-1,1-dioxide and their derivatives represent the most familiar class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) available in the market. In fact, Meloxicam and Piroxicam, the members of oxicam family are used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. Azoles are potential chemical entities with a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antiparasitic. In continuation of our efforts to develop potential multifunctional heterocycles, we have synthesized novel azolylbenzothiazine carboxamides and studied their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. The results of these aspects will be discussed. © 2020 Author(s).The authors Venkatapuram Padmavathi and Panga Siva Sankar are grateful to CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), New Delhi for financial assistance under the major research project

IoT Based Industrial Production Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Networks

The objective of the work is to monitoring the production lines in industry using wireless sensor networks. This work presents the benefits of an automated data collection and display system for production lines. It involves wireless sensor networks for monitoring the productions in industry. Condition monitoring reduces human inspection requirements through automated monitoring, reduces maintenance through detecting faults before they escalate and improves safety and reliability. This work can monitor productions using temperature, voltage and current sensors with support of microcontroller. The relay is acts like a switch to monitor the production lines. In this work, Global System for Mobile communication technique is used to transferring the collected data. The collection of data, it is transferred into computerize spreadsheet in the remote office by authorized personnel for reporting purpose. The system will generate an automated report which stays in place and the management only needs to act base on the results. This work is cost effective automatic data collection is the alternative to manual data collection. It significantly improves the accuracy of the valuable reports for the management. It also reduces the time for identifying the fault using this techniqu

Study on outcome of N-acetylcysteine in rodenticide poisoning cases in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: Rodenticide is one of the pesticides and heterogeneous substances used to kill rats. Rodenticide poisoning is the major health problem in Asian countries, particularly mode of self-poisoning, prevalent in India. It causes hepatotoxicity and no antidote has been found. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a powerful antioxidant and used in the treatment of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.  The aim of the study is to find the outcome of use of NAC in rodenticide poisoning.  The main objectives of this study were to determine the role of NAC in liver impairment rodenticide poisoning patients.   Methods: A record based observational study was conducted for the period of 3 months from August 2019 to October 2019 at Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu. Data were collected according to the proforma designed and results were analyzed using standard methods.Results: Out of 50 patients, 21 (42%) were males and 29 (58%) were females. Age group between 21-30 years contributes the highest 20 (40%). Majority of type of rodenticide compound consumed by patients were paste 29 (58%) and less than four hours 34 (68%) patients were admitted. Patients with abnormal liver functions were tested, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase/ aspartate aminotransferase -12 patients, 7 treated with NAC. serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase/ alanine aminotransferase - 9 patients, 2 treated with NAC. 37 (74%) were recovered out of 50 (100%), among them 28 (56%) treated with NAC.Conclusions: In liver impairment rodenticide poisoning patients, early use of NAC shows a significant result and the rate of recovery is also high