3,863 research outputs found
Developing a Typological Theory Using a Quantitative Approach: A Case of Information Security Deviant Behavior
Different from classification and taxonomy, typology meets the criteria of a theory and is a unique form of theory building. Typology is a good first step in exploring a research topic, and, therefore, we are concerned with building typological theories for underdeveloped topics with limited studies. We propose a four-step approach involving content analysis, multidimensional scaling, judgmental analysis, and empirical testing to guide researchers in developing typological theories in their domains of interest using a quantitative approach that rides on empirical methods and industry wisdom. Previous research in information security has paid little attention to employees’ deviant behavior in the workplace. We, therefore, built a typology of information security deviant behavior as an example to illustrate the theory development process. We discuss the theoretical, methodological, and practical implications of this study
Exclusive Hadronic D Decays to eta' and eta
Hadronic decay modes and
are studied in the generalized
factorization approach. Form factors for transitions
are carefully evaluated by taking into account the wave function normalization
of the eta and eta'. The predicted branching ratios are generally in agreement
with experiment except for and
; the calculated decay rates for the first two decay modes
are too small by an order of magnitude. We show that the weak decays and followed by resonance-induced final-state
interactions (FSI), which are amenable technically, are able to enhance the
branching ratios of and dramatically
without affecting the agreement between theory and experiment for and . We argue that it is difficult to understand
the observed large decay rates of and
simultaneously; FSI, W-annihilation and the production of excess eta' from
gluons are not helpful in this regard. The large discrepancy between the
factorization hypothesis and experiment for the ratio of
and remains as an enigma.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. D. Form factors for D to
eta and eta' transitions are slightly change
Flavor SU(3) symmetry and QCD factorization in and decays
Using flavor SU(3) symmetry, we perform a model-independent analysis of
charmless decays. All the relevant
topological diagrams, including the presumably subleading diagrams, such as the
QCD- and EW-penguin exchange diagrams and flavor-singlet weak annihilation
ones, are introduced. Indeed, the QCD-penguin exchange diagram turns out to be
important in understanding the data for penguin-dominated decay modes. In this
work we make efforts to bridge the (model-independent but less quantitative)
topological diagram or flavor SU(3) approach and the (quantitative but somewhat
model-dependent) QCD factorization (QCDF) approach in these decays, by
explicitly showing how to translate each flavor SU(3) amplitude into the
corresponding terms in the QCDF framework. After estimating each flavor SU(3)
amplitude numerically using QCDF, we discuss various physical consequences,
including SU(3) breaking effects and some useful SU(3) relations among decay
amplitudes of and .Comment: 47 pages, 3 figures, 28 table
Analysis of Two-Body Decays of Charmed Baryons Using the Quark-Diagram Scheme
We give a general formulation of the quark-diagram scheme for the nonleptonic
weak decays of baryons. We apply it to all the decays of the antitriplet and
sextet charmed baryons and express their decay amplitudes in terms of the
quark-diagram amplitudes. We have also given parametrizations for the effects
of final-state interactions. For SU(3) violation effects, we only parametrize
those in the horizontal -loop quark diagrams whose contributions are solely
due to SU(3)-violation effects. In the absence of all these effects, there are
many relations among various decay modes. Some of the relations are valid even
in the presence of final-state interactions when each decay amplitude in the
relation contains only a single phase shift. All these relations provide useful
frameworks to compare with future experiments and to find out the effects of
final-state interactions and SU(3) symmetry violations.Comment: 28 pages, 20 Tables in landscape form, 4 figures. Main changes are:
(i) some errors in the Tables and in the relations between the quark-diagram
amplitudes of this paper and those of Ref.[10] are corrected, (ii)
improvements are made in the presentation so that comparisons with previous
works and what have been done to include SU(3) breaking and final-state
interactions are more clearly stated; to appear in the Physical Review
Implications of Recent Measurements
The recent measurements of the color-suppressed modes imply non-vanishing relative final-state interaction (FSI)
phases among various decay amplitudes. Depending on whether or
not FSIs are implemented in the topological quark-diagram amplitudes, two
solutions for the parameters and are extracted from data using
various form-factor models. It is found that is not universal:
and with a relative phase
of order between and . If FSIs are not included in
quark-diagram amplitudes from the outset, and
will become smaller. The large value of compared to
or naive expectation implies the importance of
long-distance FSI contributions to color-suppressed internal -emission via
final-state rescatterings of the color-allowed tree amplitude.Comment: 17 pages. The Introduction is substantially revised and the order of
the presentation in Sec. 2 is rearranged. To appear in Phys. Re
Branching ratios of decays in perturbative QCD approach
We study the rare decays , which can occur only via
annihilation type diagrams in the standard model. We calculate all of the four
modes, , in the framework of perturbative QCD approach
and give the branching ratios of the order about .Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure, Revte
Cabibbo-allowed nonleptonic weak decays of charmed baryons
Cabibbo-allowed nonleptonic weak decays of charmed baryons
\lamc,~\xin,~\xip and into an octet baryon and a pseudoscalar
meson are analyzed. The nonfactorizable contributions are evaluated under pole
approximation, and it turns out that the -wave amplitudes are dominated by
the low-lying \halfm resonances, while -wave ones governed by the
ground-state \halfp poles. The MIT bag model is employed to calculate the
coupling constants, form factors and baryon matrix elements. Our conclusions
are: (i) waves are no longer dominated by commutator terms; the
current-algebra method is certainly not applicable to parity-violating
amplitudes, (ii) nonfactorizable exchange effects are generally important;
they can be comparable to and somtimes even dominate over factorizable
contributions, depending on the decay modes under consideration, (iii)
large- approximation for factorizable amplitudes also works in the heavy
baryon sector and it accounts for the color nonsuppression of \lamc\ri
p\bar{K}^0 relative to \lamc\ri\Lambda\pi^+, (iv) a measurement of the decay
rate and the sign of the asymmetry parameter of certain proposed decay
modes will help discern various models; especially the sign of in
\lamc\ri\Sigma\pi decays can be used to unambiguously differentiate recent
theoretical schemes from current algebra, and (v) waves are the dominant
contributions to the decays \lamc\ri\Xi^0 K^+ and \xin\ri\Sigma^+ K^-, but
they are subject to a large cancellation; this renders present theoretical
predictions on these two channels unreliable.Comment: PHYZZX, 31 pages, 3 tables, IP-ASTP-10-93, ITP-SB-93-2
Final-State Phases in , and Decays
The final-state phases in , and decays
appear to follow a pattern similar to those in , , and decays. Each set of processes is characterized by
three charge states but only two independent amplitudes, so the amplitudes form
triangles in the complex plane. For the first two sets the triangles appear to
have non-zero area, while for the or decays the areas
of the triangles are consistent with zero. Following an earlier discussion of
this behavior for decays, a similar analysis is performed for B decays, and
the relative phases and magnitudes of contributing amplitudes are determined.
The significance of recent results on \ob \to D^{(*)0} \bar{K}^{(*)0} is
noted. Open theoretical and experimental questions are indicated.Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. D.
References added; comments on new experimental results and analysi
Branching ratio and CP asymmetry of decays in the perturbative QCD approach
In this paper, we calculate the decay rate and CP asymmetry of the decay in perturbative QCD approach with Sudakov resummation. Since
none of the quarks in final states is the same as those of the initial
meson, this decay can occur only via annihilation diagrams in the standard
model. Besides the current-current operators, the contributions from the QCD
and electroweak penguin operators are also taken into account. We find that (a)
the branching ratio is about ; (b) the penguin diagrams
dominate the total contribution; and (c) the direct CP asymmetry is small in
size: no more than ; but the mixing-induced CP asymmetry can be as large
as ten percent testable in the near future LHC-b experiments.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures included, RevTe
SU(3)_flavor analysis of two-body weak decays of charmed baryons
We study two-body weak decays of charmed baryons \Lambda_c and \Xi_c into an
octet or decuplet baryon and a pseudoscalar meson employing the SU(3) flavor
symmetry. Using certain measured Cabibbo-favored modes, we fix the reduced
amplitudes and predict the branching ratios of various decays of charmed
baryons in the Cabibbo-enhanced, -suppressed and -doubly suppressed modes.Comment: 25 pages, No figure, Phys. Rev. D (to appear
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