Design and Development of Hydro-Optical Communication-Based Invasive Wireless Sensor Networks

The selection and implementation of a hydro-optical communication connection for real-time position tracking of remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) in underwater settings are the main topics of this research article. For a variety of applications, including pipeline maintenance, environmental research, and undersea infrastructure inspection, effective monitoring and control of ROVs is essential. Due to signal attenuation and interference, conventional communication techniques are difficult to use in aquatic environments. To get over these restrictions, hydro-optical communication, which sends light messages through water, presents a viable option. The paper examines current hydro-optical communication methods and technology, pointing out their benefits and drawbacks. It deals with the technical needs of setting up a trustworthy communication channel for monitoring the real-time location of ROVs. To ensure accurate and timely data delivery, an appropriate communication protocol is created. The research also demonstrates the smooth operation of hydro-optical communication with the ROV's navigation system. The suggested method is put into practise and tested in safe underwater environments in order to assess how well it works at pinpointing the position of ROVs. Among the performance indicators evaluated are data rate, communication range, and energy efficiency. The results of this study help to advance the area of underwater communication and make it easier to monitor and manage ROVs in real-time for a variety of underwater applications

Carbopol/Chitosan Based pH Triggered In Situ Gelling System for Ocular Delivery of Timolol Maleate

The poor bioavailability and therapeutic response exhibited by conventional ophthalmic preparations due to rapid precorneal elimination, dilution and nasolacrimal drainage of the drug may be vanquished by the use of in situ gelling systems that are instilled as drops in to the eye and undergo a sol-gel transition in the cul-de-sac. Timolol eye drops may cause systemic side effects in glaucoma patients due to absorption of the drug into systemic circulation. In situ gelling system of this drug can provide localized effect with reduced contraindications, improved patient compliance and better therapeutic index. The present work describes the formulation and evaluation of an ophthalmic delivery system of an antiglaucoma drug, timolol maleate (TM) based on the concept of pH-triggered in situ gelation. Polyacrylic acid (carbopol) was used as the gelling agent in combination with chitosan (amine polysaccharide), which was acted as a viscosity-enhancing agent. Formulations were evaluated for pH, viscosity, gelling capacity and drug content. The 0.4% w/v carbopol/0.5% w/v chitosan based in situ gelling system was in liquid state at room temperature and at the pH formulated (pH 6.0) and underwent rapid transition into the viscous gel phase at the pH of the tear fluid (lacrimal fluid) (pH 7.4). The in vitro drug release and in vivo effects of the developed in situ gelling system were compared with that of Glucomol® (a 0.25% TM ophthalmic solution), 0.4% w/v carbopol solution as well as liposomal formulation. The results clearly demonstrated that developed carbopol-chitosan based formulation was therapeutically efficacious and showed a fickian (diffusion controlled) type of release behaviour over 24 h periods. The developed system is thus a viable alternative to conventional eye drops and can also prevent the rapid drainage as in case of liposomes

Study of website Promotion Techniques and Role of SEO in search engine results

The explosion in the designing of websites to reach maximum people by business sectors has been tremendously increased in last few years. Obviously website is of no use if it not visited. There are number of ways to promote the website and reach to maximum users. To promote website through search engine results is most effective way. Promoting website in search engine result has been completed with Search Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques. It is possible to move a web page to the top list results of a search engine by using only some necessary optimization rules. SEO is helping a web site to appear in first result page of a search engine. SEO is least costly and most effective way to reach many people. In the present paper we explained different website promotion techniques, explores the different search engine optimization techniques with on-page and off-page optimization. This paper reviews the work done by different researcher which identify on-page optimization techniques used in web pages using different methods and among them find out important on-page optimization techniques to help website to rank high in search engine results

DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF RIZATRIPTAN BENZOATE ETHOSOMES

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the development of ethosomal drug delivery system for site-specific topical delivery of rizatriptan benzoate (RBZ) for sustained action.Methods: In the present study ethosomes were prepared using the cold method. The formulation was optimized using 33 full factorial designs. The lipid concentration (X1), ethanol concentration (X2) and stirring speed (X3) were selected as independent factors and the vesicle size (Y1) and % entrapment efficiency (Y2) were selected as dependent variables.Results: The equation of multiple regression revealed that there was no significant interaction among factors. The lipid concentration had a positive effect on vesicle size while ethanol concentration and stirring speed had a negative effect. For entrapment efficiency, all factors showed a positive effect while lipid concentrative found to be the main influencing factor. The formulation F4E459 (4% SPC, 45% v/v ethanol 900 RPM), which was characterized by optimum vesicle size (5.5 µm) and high entrapment efficiency (93.32%), was considered to be an optimal formulation. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that RBZ ethosome have a smooth surface. The polydispersity index (PI) and zeta potential of the optimized formulation were found to be 0.493±0.021and–21.3 mV respectively. In vitro permeation through rat abdominal skin from the ethosomal gel followed Higuchi diffusion model over a period of 8 h.Conclusion: The results obtained in this research work clearly indicated a promising potential of ethosomal carrier system of RBZ for migraine treatment with a topical approach for sustained action

TWO SELF WEAKLY COMPATIBLE MAPPING SATISFYING (E.A) CONDITION BY AN IMPLICIT RELATION IN b-METRIC SPACE

We establish common fixed-point theorems for two self-mapping satisfying the (E.A) condition. The mappings are weakly compatible and include a point of coincidence in metric space . The mappings are satisfying contractive conditions defined by a category of implicit relations in six variables. Our theorems might be considered because the extensions of the key results on b-metric space of Mohamed Akkouchi, common fixed-point theorems for 2 self-mappings of a b-metric space under an implicit relation, Hacettepe Journal of mathematics and statistics volume 40(6) (2011), 805-810 [1]

Nonparametric regression for multiple heterogeneous networks

We study nonparametric methods for the setting where multiple distinct networks are observed on the same set of nodes. Such samples may arise in the form of replicated networks drawn from a common distribution, or in the form of heterogeneous networks, with the network generating process varying from one network to another, e.g. dynamic and cross-sectional networks. Nonparametric methods for undirected networks have focused on estimation of the graphon model. While the graphon model accounts for nodal heterogeneity, it does not account for network heterogeneity, a feature specific to applications where multiple networks are observed. To address this setting of multiple networks, we propose a multi-graphon model which allows node-level as well as network-level heterogeneity. We show how information from multiple networks can be leveraged to enable estimation of the multi-graphon via standard nonparametric regression techniques, e.g. kernel regression, orthogonal series estimation. We study theoretical properties of the proposed estimator establishing recovery of the latent nodal positions up to negligible error, and convergence of the multi-graphon estimator to the normal distribution. Finite sample performance are investigated in a simulation study and application to two real-world networks--a dynamic contact network of ants and a collection of structural brain networks from different subjects--illustrate the utility of our approach