Sedimentbewertung in europaeischen Flussgebieten Beitraege

Mit dem vorliegenden Band werden ausgewaehlte Beitraege aller drei behandelten Themenkomplexe des Symposiums 'Sedimentbewertung in Europaeischen Flussgebieten' veroeffentlicht. Unter der Ueberschrift 'Die Wasserrahmenrichtlinie der Europaeischen Union' erhielten die Teilnehmer aus erster Hand Informationen ueber Ziele, Inhalte und den erreichten Stand bei der Ausarbeitung der Richtlinie. Sie kam auf Draengen der Mitgliedstaaten zustande und wird voraussichtlich noch in diesem Jahr verabschiedet werden. Das operative Ziel der Richtlinie besteht mit Blick auf die Oberflaechengewaesser in der Erreichung einer guten oekologischen Qualitaet. Im zweiten Teil der Veranstaltung unter der Ueberschrift 'Vorkommen und Erfassung von Schadstoffen in Sedimenten europaeischer Flussgebiete' kamen die Belastungssituation der Sedimente in Oder, Weichsel, Elbe, Rhein, Mosel, Rhone, Seine und Donau zur Sprache. Diskutiert wurden auch die Quellen und der Verbleib von Schadstoffen und die Perspektiven der Sedimentbeschaffenheit in diesen Fluessen. Unveraendert aktuell ist, wie Forschungsvorhaben an Elbe und Oder zeigen, die Frage der geogenen Hintergrundwerte. Der zentrale Gedanke, dass erst kombinierte Sedimentbewertungen anhand stofflicher Belastungen, durch Benthosanalysen, die Erfassung von in-situ-Wirkungen und Wirkungstests im Labor eine stichhaltige Klassifikation zulassen, wurde im Rahmen des Themenkomplexes 'Oekologische Risikoabschaetzung kontaminierter Sedimente' verfolgt. Beitraege aus Kanada und Deutschland machen mit dem Stand der oekotoxikologischen Bewertung, mit Kriterien fuer den Umgang mit kontamanierten Sedimenten und mit der Sedimentklassifikation bekannt. In Fallbeispielen aus ganz unterschiedlichen europaeischen Regionen an Donau, Elbe und Seine werden Aspekte der oekologischen Risikoabschaetzung und des Zusammenhangs zwischen stofflicher Belastung und oekotoxischer Wirkung behandelt. (orig.)Selected papers presented at the symposium 'Sediment Assessment in European River Basins' under three thematic complexes are published in this volume. Under the heading 'The Framework Directive on Water Policy of the European Union', the participants received first-hand information on the objectives, subjects, and the current state of development. The Directive came into being upon requests by the Member States, and it is expected to be adopted later this year. With a view to surface waters, the operational objective of the Directive is a 'good ecological status'. In the second thematic block of the symposium, titled 'Contaminants in sediments of European river basins', the sediment situation in the rivers Oder, Vistula, Elbe, Rhine, Moselle, Rhone, Seine, and Danube was considered. Sources and fate of contaminants and the prospects of sediment quality in these rivers were discussed. Geogenic background loads remain a topical issue, as research projects on the rivers Elbe and Oder showed. The notion that only combined approaches to sediment assessment, comprising chemical analyses, benthos surveys, studies of contamination effects in the field and in the laboratory, allow a meaningful classification of sediments was pursued under the thematic heading 'Ecological risk assessment of contaminated sediments'. Papers from Canada and Germany acquainted with the state-of-the-art of ecotoxicological assessment, criteria for the handling of contaminated sediments, and the classification of sediments. Case studies from very different European regions on the rivers Danube, Elbe and Seine focused on aspects of ecological risk assessment and the connection between chemical load and ecotoxicological effects. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RO 5072(22)+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Verkehr, Bau- und Wohnungswesen, Berlin (Germany)DEGerman

Protothecosis in 17 Australian dogs and a review of the canine literature

Systemic protothecosis was diagnosed in 17 Australian dogs between 1988 and 2005. There was a preponderance of young-adult (median 4 years), medium- to large-breed dogs. Females (12/17 cases) and Boxer dogs (7 cases, including 6 purebreds and one Boxer cross) were over-represented. Sixteen of 17 dogs died, with a median survival of four months. A disproportionate number of cases were from coastal Queensland. In most patients, first signs were referable to colitis (11/17 cases), which varied in severity, and was often present for many months before other symptoms developed. Subsequent to dissemination, signs were mostly ocular (12 cases) and/or neurologic (8 cases). Two dogs had signs due to bony lesions. Once dissemination was evident, death or euthanasia transpired quickly. Prototheca organisms had a tropism for the eye, central nervous system (CNS), bone, kidneys and myocardium, tissues with a good blood supply. Microscopic examination and culture of urine (5 cases), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF;1 case), rectal scrapings (4 cases), aspirates or biopsies of eyes (5 cases) and histology of colonic biopsies (6 cases) as well as skin and lymph nodes (2 cases) helped secure a diagnosis. Of the cases where culture was successful, P wickerhamii was isolated from two patients, while P zopfii was isolated from five. P zopfii infections had a more aggressive course. Treatment was not attempted in most cases. Combination therapy with amphotericin B and itraconazole proved effective in two cases, although in one of these treatment should have been for a longer duration. One surviving dog is currently still receiving itraconazole. Protothecosis should be considered in all dogs with refractory colitis, especially in female Boxers