A comparative study of effectiveness of feldenkrais breathing exercises Vs conventional therapy for improving quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a life-threatening lung disease that interferes with normal breathing and it also has a significant impact on other bodily systems. COPD is preventable, but not curable. Treatment can help slow disease progression, but COPD generally worsens slowly over time. Because of this, it is most frequently diagnosed in people aged 40 years or older. COPD is characterized by limitation of airflow - both into and out of the lungs - that is not fully reversible. This airflow limitation usually worsens over time and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious stimuli. According to World Health Organization estimates, 64 million people have COPD worldwide in 2004 and more than 3 million people died of COPD in 2004, which is equal to 5% of all deaths globally that year. COPD kills on average one person every 10 seconds. Total deaths from COPD are projected to increase by more than 30% in the next 10 years, making it the third leading cause of death in the world. Almost 90% of COPD deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, where effective strategies for prevention and control are not always implemented or accessible. OBJECTIVES: 1. To evaluate the effectiveness of Feldenkrais Technique for COPD patients. 2. To find out whether the quality of life improves in COPD patients with treatment technique. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: MATERIALS: Treatment couch, Pillows, Chair, Assessment chart. RESEARCH DESIGN: The design that is used for this study is the quasi experimental design. STUDY SETTING: The entitled study was conducted at Out patient department of Nandha college of physiotherapy, Erode, Danvanthri Critical Care Center, Erode, Government Head Quarters Hospitals, Erode. SAMPLING METHOD: The subject was selected based upon the purposive random sampling technique, sample of 30 COPD patients were taken into the study who were randomized into the experimental group (15 COPD patients) and control group (15 stroke patients). CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF SAMPLES: Inclusive criteria: Both male and female, Age group 40-60 years, Based on assessment and diagnosed as mild, moderate and severe COPD patients. Exclusive criteria: Severe exaggerated COPD patients, Patients with cardiological problems, Patients with neurological and orthopedic problems, Patients with visual and auditory disorder, Mentally retarded patients, Arterial disease, Deep vein thrombosis, Infective conditions, Pregnancy, Pace-maker. STUDY DURATION: The study was carried out for a period of 4 months of duration and each patient was trained according to which group he /she belongs in this study. Experimental Group: It consists of 15 patients who underwent Feldenkrais and breathing, relaxation exercise. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION: For the pre and post test experimental study, both paired and unpaired ‘t’ test was used for each parameter in an intra group analysis to find out the significance of improvement achieved through intervention. Then unpaired ‘t’ test was used to find out the significance of the changes between two groups i.e., inter-group analysis. RESULTS: The study was conducted to find out whether Feldenkrais exercise improves the quality of life in COPD patients. 30 patients were treated by this method and the test results were analyzed by using quasi experimental method. The pre and post test values were assessed in the experimental group. The standard deviation and the 't' value were calculated by paired 't' test and the values were 0.8 and 8.2 respectively. These values were higher than the table value 2.15 with 5% level of significance at 14 degrees of freedom. The pre and post test values were assessed in control group. The standard deviation and the 't' value were calculated by paired 't' test and the values were 0.6 and 3.7 respectively. These values were higher than the table value 2.15 with 5% level of significance at 14 degrees of freedom. The calculated 't' values by unpaired 't' test was 8.25 which was higher than the table value 2.05 with 5% level of significance at 28 degrees of freedom. The paired 't' test values have shown that Feldenkrais exercises were more effective than conventional therapy on COPD Patients. CONCLUSION: Based on 't' values, it could be seen that there is significant difference between the calculated values and table values. The mean and standard deviation value of experimental group is higher than the control group. Through the results, the null hypothesis is rejected and alternate hypothesis is accepted. So, we conclude that Feldenkrais breathing exercise therapy is more effective for improving quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary patients

Effectiveness of Trainings imparted by a Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) in Tamil Nadu

In an agricultural country like India, training of farmers is a laborious task and requires a heavy investment in training infrastructure to reach most of the farmers on a regular basis. Trainings are conducted in Krishi Vigyan Kendras(KVKs) at various levels for which the programmes are designed based on the farmers problems their needs and interests. Altogether, 300 respondents were selected for the study through random sampling method to assess the effectiveness of trainings imparted by a Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK). Majority of the trainees were having medium level of adoption of recommended technologies followed by low level and high levels of adoption of recommended crop cultivation practices in major crops

Visible and infrared photocurrent enhancement in a graphene-silicon Schottky photodetector through surface-states and electric field engineering

The design of efficient graphene-silicon (GSi) Schottky junction photodetectors requires detailed understanding of the spatial origin of the photoresponse. Scanning-photocurrent-microscopy (SPM) studies have been carried out in the visible wavelengths regions only, in which the response due to silicon is dominant. Here we present comparative SPM studies in the visible ($\lambda$ = 633nm) and infrared ($\lambda$ = 1550nm) wavelength regions for a number of GSi Schottky junction photodetector architectures, revealing the photoresponse mechanisms for silicon and graphene dominated responses, respectively, and demonstrating the influence of electrostatics on the device performance. Local electric field enhancement at the graphene edges leads to a more than ten-fold increased photoresponse compared to the bulk of the graphene-silicon junction. Intentional design and patterning of such graphene edges is demonstrated as an efficient strategy to increase the overall photoresponse of the devices. Complementary simulations and modeling illuminate observed effects and highlight the importance of considering graphene's shape and pattern and device geometry in the device design

Developed A Hybrid Optimal Feature Vector Selection with Blockchain Technology for Smart Healthcare 4.0

The health economy has been an innovative technology since time-honored. Preserving and maintaining patient data are essential in a routine life. Patient’s medical information is very important for every individual not only for patients but also for doctors who are examining them. Advances in sensing technology, processing of data, and communication protocols have transformed the healthcare industry. Patients, physicians, hospitals, and other stakeholder may keep vital data and medical records with the use of electronic healthcare records (EHR). The goal of research should be to develop a Hybrid Optimal Feature Vector Selection with Blockchain Technology (HOFVS-BT) for smart healthcare 4.0 to improve the secure transmission of data which is supported intelligent IoT and medical detection platform possible. For Feature vector selection, proposed an Orthogonal Wolf Optimization (OWO) algorithm. Furthermore, safeguarding private patient details is taken into account by establishing an upgraded Blockchain-based IoT data security solution that not only secures the data, but also fosters trust between patients/users and healthcare service providers

A Study on Co – odd (even) Sum Degree Edge Domination Number in Graphs

يقال إن المجموعة المهيمنة على الحافة   من الرسم البياني  هي مجموعة مهيمنة على حافة المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) (osded (esded) - set) من G إذا كان مجموع درجة جميع الحواف في X هو رقم فردي (زوجي). المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) لدرجة الحافة لرقم الهيمنة  هو الحد الأدنى من الكاردينالية المأخوذة على جميع المجموعات المهيمنة على حافة المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) من G ويتم تعريفه على أنه صفر إذا لم يكن هناك مثل هذا المجموع المهيمن على حافة المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) في G. في هذا البحث ، تم توسيع مفهوم هيمنة درجة المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) على المجموعة المهيمنة المشتركة E-T للرسم البياني G ، حيث T هي مجموعة مهيمنة على الحافة من G. .  تم تعريف المعلمات المقابلة لCo-الفردي (الزوجي) مجموع درجة الحافة المهيمنة على مجموعة ، و Co - الفردي (الزوجي) مجموع درجة الهيمنة على الحافة و Co- الفردي ( الزوجي) مجموع درجة قيمة هيمنة الحافة. علاوة على ذلك ، تم العثور على القيم الدقيقة للمعلمات المذكورة أعلاه لبعض الفئات القياسية من الرسوم البيانية.  يتم الحصول على حدود رقم هيمنة حافة المجموع  Co- الفردي (الزوجي) من حيث مصطلحات الرسم البياني الأساسية. تم تميز المجموعات المهيمنة على حافة المجموع Co - الفردي (الزوجي).  كما تتم دراسة العلاقات مع معلمات هيمنة الحافة الأخرى. An edge dominating set    of a graph  is said to be an odd (even) sum degree edge dominating set (osded (esded) - set) of G if the sum of the degree of all edges in X is an odd (even) number. The odd (even) sum degree edge domination number  is the minimum cardinality taken over all odd (even) sum degree edge dominating sets of G and is defined as zero if no such odd (even) sum degree edge dominating set exists in G. In this paper, the odd (even) sum degree domination concept is extended on the co-dominating set E-T of a graph G, where T is an edge dominating set of G.  The corresponding parameters co-odd (even) sum degree edge dominating set, co-odd (even) sum degree edge domination number and co-odd (even) sum degree edge domination value is defined.  Further, the exact values of the above said parameters are found for some standard classes of graphs.  The bounds of the co-odd (even) sum degree edge domination number are obtained in terms of basic graph terminologies.  The co-odd (even) sum degree edge dominating sets are characterized.  The relationships with other edge domination parameters are also studied

Evaluation of F1 Hybrids of Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. Ex Poir) for Yield and Quality

An investigation was carried out to study the performance of 36 hybrids of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Poir) through Line x Tester mating design. Observations were recorded on the traits, viz., vine length, days to first female flower appearance, node number for first female flower appearance, sex ratio, days to first harvest, fruit number per vine, fruit weight, flesh thickness and fruit yield per vine, besides quality traits such as total carbohydrate content, total carotenoid content and crude fibre content in the fruit. Among the 36 hybrids of pumpkin studied, the cross 'Kasi Harit x Avinashi Local' excelled in yield per vine, followed by the crosses 'Vadhalagundu Local x CO-2' and 'Narendra Uphar x CO-2', respectively. Thus, first generation hybrids can be well-utilized for exploiting hybrid vigour to achieve improved quality

Modified Ultra Fast Pap Stain in Cytology in Comparision with Regular Pap Stain and MGG

Quick diagnosis of Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) plays an important role in efficient medical practice. Few rapid stains available these days include MGG, Diff quick and toluidine blue stain. However many cytopathologists prefer the transparent, traditional, crisp nuclear features offered by wet fixed PAP stain rather than air dried Romanowsky stain. To overcome this, Ultrafast Papanicolaou stain was introduced, which is a hybrid of Romanowsky and PAP stain. This method reduce reduces the staining time to 90 seconds because of the use of fixative like alcoholic formalin and also enhances staining the quality. Our study is to assess the use of modified ultra-fast pap stain in Fine needle aspiration cytology of various organs in comparison with the standard conventional PAP and MGG stain. MATERIALS AND METHODS : This prospective study was carried out in Department of pathology, Coimbatore medical college, Coimbatore. It includes100 cases, FNA from thyroid, breast, and lymph node lesions. Minimum 3 smears made and stained with routine Pap, MGG and MUFP stain. All smears were compared in 6 parameters and Quality index is calculated. RESULTS : MUFP is a excellent staining method for studying FNA material from all three organs like thyroid breast and lymph node lesions. PAP stain is excellent for staining crisp nuclear chromatin. MGG stain showed less air drying artifacts compared to wet fixed smears and has better optimal cytoplasmic feature. CONCLUSION : MUFP staining is quick, reliable and can be done with easily available reagents and is very useful in countries like India