Sawer: Komunikasi Simbolik Pada Adat Tradisi Suku Sunda Dalam Upacara Setelah Perkawinan

Sawer is a symbolic communication expressed on Sundanese wedding tradition. Sawer means spreading wealth like water fountain. This ritual is leading by juru sawer, using properties such as leaves, flowers, grains, and coins. This article explores meanings contained in sawer ritual: rice/grains symbolizes food happiness, sirih leaves symbolizes harmony, yellow color symbolizes golden which means noble, flowers symbolize aromatic smell, and coins symbolizes wealth. From communication perspectives, tradition was perceived as a means of transmitting message. Sawer expressed transcendental communication, relationship with people, and metaphysical communication

Pengaruh Keterampilan Menyimak Dan Intelligence Quotient Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa

Menyimak (listening), sebagai komunikasi langsung, merupakan salah satu aspek dari empat perilaku komunikasi insani, termasuk dalam penyampaian materi pada proses belajar mengajar di sekolah. Dalam hal ini, setiap siswa diyakini memiliki keterampilan menyimak yang berbeda di dalam proses belajar mengajar tadi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, berdasarkan hasil uji koefisien jalur, terdapat pengaruh keterampilan menyimak terhadap prestasi belajar siswa yang signifikan, juga terdapat pengaruh IQ terhadap prestasi belajar siswa yang signifikan. Namun, pengaruh keterampilan menyimak terhadap IQ tidak signifikan. Begitu juga berdasarkan uji analisis regresi, diperoleh hasil yang sama. Adapun pengaruh gabungan antara keterampilan menyimak dan IQ terhadap prestasi belajar sebesar 10,2% saja. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah prestasi belajar ditentukan secara langsung oleh keterampilan menyimak dan IQ. Semakin tinggi keterampilan menyimak dan IQ maka semakin tinggi pula prestasi belajarnya

Analisis Keberlanjutan PT East Jakarta Industrial Park Dalam Mewujudkan Kawasan Industri Yang Berwawasan Lingkungan

Sustainability analysis of an industrial estate in multidimensional aspects is one of the important steps as an evaluation and review of the operation. Evaluation and review are very useful to evaluate whether the purpose of the existence of an industrial estate follows in PP 4 2009 on environmental procedures. Avoiding this procedures will affect the sustainability of the industrial estate. The Research was carried out in the industrial park EJIP 25-year-old base on ecological dimension economic, social, technological and management criteria for good governance principle. This analysis used Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) with techniques of Rapid Appraisal for Industrial Park (Rap Industrial Park). The result of the research showed that status of the sustainability of the industrial estate based on the ecological dimension was quite sustainable. While the perspective of the economic, social, technological and management were obtained good sustainable statu

FORAGING DISTANCE IN THE STINGLESS BEE Trigona thoracica

The foraging patterns of stingless bees are dependent on resource availability.Human alterations to natural areas will affect the condition of local habitats,and influence the bees' foraging behavior. In this study, we assessed thefamiliarity of Trigona thoracica with two distinct habitats. This studyinvestigates the familiarity of the stingless bee Trigona thoracica with twodistinct habitats. It has the dual purpose of comparing foraging distancebetween the intact forest and disturbed environments, and of evaluating theidea that bees create memory patterns for navigational purposes en route todestinations. We hypothesized that bees forage more frequently in thenatural environment than in the disturbed environment, and are thereforemore familiar with forested terrain. We also suspect that bees are able toform a visual memory in transport, and that they will integrate cues theyacquire in transition to guide themselves home from unfamiliar locations. Weselected a (medium-sized) colony of Trigona thoracica at the base of a Ficusmicrocarpa tree near the entrance to the Khao Chong Peninsular BotanicGardens. The nest was located in a relatively open area, adjacent to twodistinct environments: a densely wooded forest to the east and an altered,semi-natural environment along a highway to the west. One transect line wasplaced in each of these two areas, and three release points along the transectswere determined using GPS (East - Forest area: 350, 650, 1200m; West -Highway: 400, 800, 1200m).Outgoing bees were collected in plastic bags and tagged with paint markers,Collections ranging in size from sixteen to seventy bees were thentransported in an insect cage to designated release points either on foot or onmotorbike. At each location, two samples (covered and uncovered) werereleased at staggered times. The two transects were completed over thecourse of three days, with a total of twelve releases. On each day we hadsimilar sunny and dry weather conditions. On each day, the nest wasobserved from the first release to at least 1.25 hours after the last release; theactivity of marked bees (entering or exiting the hive) was recorded, as well asthe time of that activity. Percentage returns were calculated for each batch ofmarked bees released from each of the three releasing points on each transect,according to the recorded number of returns for each batch.There was no significant difference between the number of covered anduncovered bees that returned. This leads us to believe that the bees do notform memory when they are artificially transported, which may be due tofactors, which differ between artificial transport and normal flight behavior.Possible factors include the rate of movement, and the height of travel.Additionally, the mesh-and-plastic carrying cage may have skewed the bee'sexposure to sunlight and added an abnormal level of stress for the bee,altering the bee's ability to assess the solar pattern. These factors wouldcontribute to the bee's incapacity to use egocentric methods for homewardnavigation. We found that the bees are more familiar with the natural habitatthan the disturbed habitat. The forage distance was determined to be 3.676km in the forested area and 1.973 km along the highway

Broadening the Berlin definition of ARDS to patients receiving high-flow nasal oxygen:an observational study in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19

BACKGROUND: High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is increasingly used in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. It is uncertain whether a broadened Berlin definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), in which ARDS can be diagnosed in patients who are not receiving ventilation, results in similar groups of patients receiving HFNO as in patients receiving ventilation.METHODS: We applied a broadened definition of ARDS in a multicenter, observational study in adult critically ill patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), wherein the requirement for a minimal level of 5 cm H2O PEEP with ventilation is replaced by a minimal level of airflow rate with HFNO, and compared baseline characteristics and outcomes between patients receiving HFNO and patients receiving ventilation. The primary endpoint was ICU mortality. We also compared outcomes in risk for death groups using the PaO2/FiO2 cutoffs as used successfully in the original definition of ARDS. Secondary endpoints were hospital mortality; mortality on days 28 and 90; need for ventilation within 7 days in patients that started with HFNO; the number of days free from HFNO or ventilation; and ICU and hospital length of stay.RESULTS: Of 728 included patients, 229 patients started with HFNO and 499 patients with ventilation. All patients fulfilled the broadened Berlin definition of ARDS. Patients receiving HFNO had lower disease severity scores and lower PaO2/FiO2 than patients receiving ventilation. ICU mortality was lower in receiving HFNO (22.7 vs 35.6%; p = 0.001). Using PaO2/FiO2 cutoffs for mild, moderate and severe arterial hypoxemia created groups with an ICU mortality of 16.7%, 22.0%, and 23.5% (p = 0.906) versus 19.1%, 37.9% and 41.4% (p = 0.002), in patients receiving HFNO versus patients receiving ventilation, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Using a broadened definition of ARDS may facilitate an earlier diagnosis of ARDS in patients receiving HFNO; however, ARDS patients receiving HFNO and ARDS patients receiving ventilation have distinct baseline characteristics and mortality rates.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier NCT04719182).</p

The effect of early broad-spectrum versus delayed narrow-spectrum antibiotic therapy on the primary cure rate of acute infection after osteosynthesis

Purpose: Infection near metal implants is a problem that presents challenging treatment dilemmas for physicians. The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of two treatment protocols for acute fracture-related infections. Methods: Seventy-one patients in two level-1 trauma centres in the Netherlands were retrospectively included in this study. These trauma centres had different standardised protocols for acute infection after osteosynthesis: 39 patients were selected from protocol A and 32 from protocol B. Both protocols involve immediate surgical debridement and soft tissue coverage, but differ in antibiotic approach: (A) immediate empirical combination antibiotic therapy with rifampicin, or (B) postponed (1–5 days) targeted antibiotic therapy. The primary outcome of these protocols was success, defined as a fracture healing in the absence of infection. The secondary outcome was antibiotic resistance patterns. Logistic regression was conducted on patients and treatment-related factors in association with primary success. Results: Primary success was achieved in 72% of protocol A patients, in 47% of those in protocol B (P = 0.033), and with prolongation of treatment success was achieved in 90% and 78% of patients, respectively. Protocol A exhibited a better primary success rate (adjusted OR 3.45, CI 1.13–10.52) when adjusted for age and soft tissue injury. There was no significant difference in antibiotic resistance between the two protocols. Conclusion: Both protocols yielded high overall success rates. Immediate empirical antibiotics can be used safely without additional bacterial resistance and may contribute to increased success rates

Modulation of CD8\u3csup\u3e+\u3c/sup\u3e T cell responses to AAV vectors with IgG-derived MHC class II epitopes

Immune responses directed against viral capsid proteins constitute a main safety concern in the use of adeno-associated virus (AAV) as gene transfer vectors in humans. Pharmacological immunosuppression has been proposed as a solution to the problem; however, the approach suffers from several potential limitations. Using MHC class II epitopes initially identified within human IgG, named Tregitopes, we showed that it is possible to modulate CD8+ T cell responses to several viral antigens in vitro. We showed that incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with these epitopes triggers proliferation of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T cells that suppress killing of target cells loaded with MHC class I antigens in an antigen- specific fashion, through a mechanism that seems to require cell-to-cell contact. Expression of a construct encoding for the AAV capsid structural protein fused to Tregitopes resulted in reduction of CD8+ T cell reactivity against the AAV capsid following immunization with an adenoviral vector expressing capsid. This was accompanied by an increase in frequency of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T cells in spleens and lower levels of inflammatory infiltrates in injected tissues. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates modulation of CD8+ T cell reactivity to an antigen using regulatory T cell epitopes is possible

Endoscopic treatment of prepatellar bursitis

Operative treatment of prepatellar bursitis is indicated in intractable bursitis. The most common complication of surgical treatment for prepatellar bursitis is skin problems. For traumatic prepatellar bursitis, we propose a protocol of outpatient endoscopic surgery under local anaesthesia. From September 1996 to February 2001, 60 cases of failed nonoperative treatment for prepatellar bursitis were included. The average age was 33.5 ± 11.1 years (range 21–55). The average operation duration was 18 minutes. Two to three mini-arthroscopic portals were used in our series. No sutures or a simple suture was needed for the portals after operation. After follow-up for an average of 36.3 months, all patients are were symptom-free and had regained knee function. None of the population had local tenderness or hypo-aesthesia around their wound. Their radiographic and sonographic examinations showed no recurrence of bursitis. Outpatient arthroscopic bursectomy under local anaesthesia is an effective procedure for the treatment of post-traumatic prepatellar bursitis after failed conservative treatments. Both the cosmetic results and functional results were satisfactory

Advanced intraoperative MRI in pediatric brain tumor surgery

Introduction: In the pediatric brain tumor surgery setting, intraoperative MRI (ioMRI) provides “real-time” imaging, allowing for evaluation of the extent of resection and detection of complications. The use of advanced MRI sequences could potentially provide additional physiological information that may aid in the preservation of healthy brain regions. This review aims to determine the added value of advanced imaging in ioMRI for pediatric brain tumor surgery compared to conventional imaging.Methods: Our systematic literature search identified relevant articles on PubMed using keywords associated with pediatrics, ioMRI, and brain tumors. The literature search was extended using the snowball technique to gather more information on advanced MRI techniques, their technical background, their use in adult ioMRI, and their use in routine pediatric brain tumor care.Results: The available literature was sparse and demonstrated that advanced sequences were used to reconstruct fibers to prevent damage to important structures, provide information on relative cerebral blood flow or abnormal metabolites, or to indicate the onset of hemorrhage or ischemic infarcts. The explorative literature search revealed developments within each advanced MRI field, such as multi-shell diffusion MRI, arterial spin labeling, and amide-proton transfer-weighted imaging, that have been studied in adult ioMRI but have not yet been applied in pediatrics. These techniques could have the potential to provide more accurate fiber tractography, information on intraoperative cerebral perfusion, and to match gadolinium-based T1w images without using a contrast agent.Conclusion: The potential added value of advanced MRI in the intraoperative setting for pediatric brain tumors is to prevent damage to important structures, to provide additional physiological or metabolic information, or to indicate the onset of postoperative changes. Current developments within various advanced ioMRI sequences are promising with regard to providing in-depth tissue information