Variations in Engineering Features of the Nests of Several Species of Birds in Relation to Nest Sites and Nesting Materials

During about thirty-five years of field work in bird ecology in eastern and central North America, I have examined in the field or collected and analyzed about 20,000 nests of 169 species of birds. This list represents nearly a third (31.3%) of the 533 species listed by Pough for the entire region of eastern and central North America from southern Texas to central Greenland. All of my studies have been confined within the region between the latitude of 30º and 50º north and between the 100th meridian and the Atlantic Ocean. The largest amount of my field work and study has been done in five counties of southeastern Michigan and three counties of southwestern Ontario where 25,379 nesting records have been established for 143 species of birds by about fifty field observers of the Detroit Audobon Bird Survey in the last 12 years

Research Notes : United States : Inheritance of metribuzin sensitivity in the soybean cultivar \u27Altona\u27

Metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] is an herbicide that can be effective in controlling many broadleaf weeds in soybeans. However, some soybean cultivars are sensitive to metribuzin and can suffer considerable damage (Wax et al., 1976). Previous research has established that a single recessive gene, hm, conditions the sensitive reaction of \u27Semmes\u27 (Edwards et al., 1976) and \u27Tracy\u27 (Kilen and Barrentine, 1983) to b metribuzin

A Guide to the California Immunization Registry and Its Use to Enhance the Delivery of Immunization Services

Pharmacists in California are assuming a greater role as independent providers of immunizations for children and adults under Senate Bill 493 (SB 493). One of the requirements for pharmacists as independent providers of immunizations in California is that they must report their administered doses to the California immunization registry system (CAIR). The National Vaccine Advisory Committee Standards for Immunization Practice also supports this practice by recommending that all immunizing providers report vaccinations to their local and state immunization information systems (IIS). This document presents background and specific features of CAIR; best practice recommendations for the use of IIS lookup, forecasting, follow-up, and recall; and documentation features to enhance the delivery of immunization services

Modeling Dual Pathways for the Metazoan Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

Using computational modelling, we investigate mechanisms of signal transduction focusing on the spindle assembly checkpoint where a single unattached kinetochore is able to signal to prevent cell cycle progression. This inhibitory signal switches off rapidly once spindle microtubules have attached to all kinetochores. This requirement tightly constrains the possible mechanisms. Here we investigate two possible mechanisms for spindle checkpoint operation in metazoan cells, both supported by recent experiments. The first involves the free diffusion and sequestration of cell-cycle regulators. This mechanism is severely constrained both by experimental fluorescence recovery data and also by the large volumes involved in open mitosis in metazoan cells. Using a simple mathematical analysis and computer simulation, we find that this mechanism can generate the inhibition found in experiment but likely requires a two stage signal amplification cascade. The second mechanism involves spatial gradients of a short-lived inhibitory signal that propagates first by diffusion but then primarily via active transport along spindle microtubules. We propose that both mechanisms may be operative in the metazoan spindle assembly checkpoint, with either able to trigger anaphase onset even without support from the other pathway.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Vesicular Monoamine Transporter-2 Ligands and Their Use in the Treatment of Psychostimulant Abuse

The present invention relates to methods of treatment of a disease or pathology of the central nervous system, an eating disorder, or substance use disorder, drug dependence/abuse and withdrawal therefrom comprising administering at least one N-phenylalkyl amphetamine derivative and pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one N-phenylalkyl amphetamine derivative to an individual in need thereof

Fluoroethoxy-1,4-diphenethylpiperidine and Piperazine Derivatives: Potent and Selective Inhibitors of [\u3csup\u3e3\u3c/sup\u3eH]Dopamine Uptake at the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter-2

A small library of fluoroethoxy-1,4-diphenethyl piperidine and fluoroethoxy-1,4-diphenethyl piperazine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit [3H]dopamine (DA) uptake at the vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT2) and dopamine transporter (DAT), [3H]serotonin (5-HT) uptake at the serotonin transporter (SERT), and [3H]dofetilide binding at the human-ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channel. The majority of the compounds exhibited potent inhibition of [3H]DA uptake at VMAT2, with Ki values in the nanomolar range (Ki = 0.014–0.073 μM). Compound 15d exhibited the highest affinity (Ki = 0.014 μM) at VMAT2, and had 160-, 5-, and 60-fold greater selectivity for VMAT2 vs. DAT, SERT and hERG, respectively. Compound 15b exhibited the greatest selectivity (\u3e 60-fold) for VMAT2 relative to all the other targets evaluated, and 15b had high affinity for VMAT2 (Ki = 0.073 μM). Compound 15b was considered the lead compound from this analog series due to its high affinity and selectivity for VMAT2

Marker-free image registration of electron tomography tilt-series

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Tilt series are commonly used in electron tomography as a means of collecting three-dimensional information from two-dimensional projections. A common problem encountered is the projection alignment prior to 3D reconstruction. Current alignment techniques usually employ gold particles or image derived markers to correctly align the images. When these markers are not present, correlation between adjacent views is used to align them. However, sequential pairwise correlation is prone to bias and the resulting alignment is not always optimal.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this paper we introduce an algorithm to find regions of the tilt series which can be tracked within a subseries of the tilt series. These regions act as landmarks allowing the determination of the alignment parameters. We show our results with synthetic data as well as experimental cryo electron tomography.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our algorithm is able to correctly align a single-tilt tomographic series without the help of fiducial markers thanks to the detection of thousands of small image patches that can be tracked over a short number of images in the series.</p