3,900 research outputs found
1.25 mm Observations of a Complete Sample of IRAS Galaxies: (II) Dust Properties
We present 1.25 mm continuum data for a southern galaxy sample selected from
the IRAS PSC and complete to S_60=2 Jy. Two thirds of the galaxies have been
detected and significant limits on the remaining objects have been set. We
find, on a statistical basis, indications that the dust emission in these
galaxies is somewhat more centrally concentrated than that of the optical
light, possibly tracing a higher metal content in the inner galactic regions.
This result also allows to estimate the aperture corrections to the millimetric
data. The latter, together with IRAS photometric data, have been used to
compare the broad-band FIR/mm spectra with a simple dust model. According to
their far-IR/mm spectrum, the sample galaxies show a dichothomy: almost half of
the objects, those displaying bright 25-60um fluxes ascribed to warm dust
residing in 'starburst' regions, are characterized by higher values of the
bolometric (optical + FIR) luminosity, of the dust-to-gas mass ratio, of the
dust optical depths and of the overall extinction. A complementary class of
objects dominated by cold dust ('cirrus') shows opposite trends. Because of the
favourable observational setup, selection wavelength and completeness, we
believe these data provide an exhaustive and unbiased view of dust properties
in spiral galaxies.Comment: 9 pg Latex file (using mn.sty) gzip'd tar'd file including 7 ps
figures and 3 tables. to appear in MNRA
Publication and patent analysis of European researchers in the field of production technology and manufacturing systems
This paper develops a structured comparison among a sample of European researchers in the field of Production Technology and Manufacturing Systems, on the basis of scientific publications and patents. Researchers are evaluated and compared by a variegated set of indicators concerning (1) the output of individual researchers and (2) that of groups of researchers from the same country. While not claiming to be exhaustive, the results of this preliminary study provide a rough indication of the publishing and patenting activity of researchers in the field of interest, identifying (dis)similarities between different countries. Of particular interest is a proposal for aggregating analysis results by means of maps based on publication and patent indicators. A large amount of empirical data are presented and discusse
The Compact Linear ee Collider (CLIC): Physics Potential
The Compact Linear Collider, CLIC, is a proposed ee collider at the
TeV scale whose physics potential ranges from high-precision measurements to
extensive direct sensitivity to physics beyond the Standard Model. This
document summarises the physics potential of CLIC, obtained in detailed
studies, many based on full simulation of the CLIC detector. CLIC covers one
order of magnitude of centre-of-mass energies from 350 GeV to 3 TeV, giving
access to large event samples for a variety of SM processes, many of them for
the first time in ee collisions or for the first time at all. The high
collision energy combined with the large luminosity and clean environment of
the ee collisions enables the measurement of the properties of Standard
Model particles, such as the Higgs boson and the top quark, with unparalleled
precision. CLIC might also discover indirect effects of very heavy new physics
by probing the parameters of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory with an
unprecedented level of precision. The direct and indirect reach of CLIC to
physics beyond the Standard Model significantly exceeds that of the HL-LHC.
This includes new particles detected in challenging non-standard signatures.
With this physics programme, CLIC will decisively advance our knowledge
relating to the open questions of particle physics.Comment: Input to the European Particle Physics Strategy Update on behalf of
the CLIC and CLICdp Collaboration
A co-ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide/luteolin composite mitigates clinical score and disease-relevant molecular markers in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Background: Persistent and/or recurrent inflammatory processes are the main factor leading to multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. The composite ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide, an endogenous N-acylethanolamine, combined with the flavonoid luteolin, PEALut, have been found to exert neuroprotective activities in experimental models of spinal and brain injury and Alzheimer disease, as well as a clinical improvement in human stroke patients. Furthermore, PEALut enhances the expression of different myelin proteins in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells suggesting that this composite might have protective effects in MS experimental models. Methods: The mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) based on active immunization with a fragment of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) was used. The daily assessment of clinical score and the expression of serum amyloid A (SAA1), proinflammatory cytokines TNF-\u3b1, IL-1\u3b2, IFN-\u3b3, and NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as TLR2, Fpr2, CD137, CD3-\u3b3, and TCR-\u3b6 chain, heterodimers that form T cell surface glycoprotein (TCR), and cannabinoid receptors CB1, CB2, and MBP, were evaluated in the brainstem and cerebellum at different postimmunization days (PIDs). Results: Vehicle-MOG35-55-immunized (MOG35-55) mice developed ascending paralysis which peaked several days later and persisted until the end of the experiment. PEALut, given intraperitoneally daily starting on day 11 post-immunization, dose-dependently improved clinical score over the range 0.1-5 mg/kg. The mRNA expression of SAA1, TNF-\u3b1, IL-1\u3b2, IFN-\u3b3, and NLRP3 were significantly increased in MOG35-55 mice at 14 PID. In MOG35-55 mice treated with 5 mg /kg PEALut, the increase of SAA1, TNF- \u3b1, IL-1\u3b2, and IFN-\u3b3transcripts at 14 PID was statistically downregulated as compared to vehicle-MOG35-55 mice (p < 0.05). The expression of TLR2, Fpr2, CD137, CD3-\u3b3, TCR-\u3b6 chain, and CB2 receptors showed a significant upregulation in vehicle-MOG35-55 mice at 14 PID. Instead, CB1 and MBP transcripts have not changed in expression at any time. In MOG/PEALut-treated mice, TLR2, Fpr2, CD137, CD3-\u3b3, TCR-\u3b6 chain, and CB2 mRNAs were significantly downregulated as compared to vehicle MOG35-55 mice. Conclusions: The present results demonstrate that the intraperitoneal administration of the composite PEALut significantly reduces the development of clinical signs in the MOG35-55 model of EAE. The dose-dependent improvement of clinical score induced by PEALut was associated with a reduction in transcript expression of the acute-phase protein SAA1, TNF-\u3b1, IL-1\u3b2, IFN-\u3b3, and NLRP3 proinflammatory proteins and TLR2, Fpr2, CD137, CD3-\u3b3, TCR-\u3b6 chain, and CB2 receptors
On Semiclassical Limits of String States
We explore the relation between classical and quantum states in both open and
closed (super)strings discussing the relevance of coherent states as a
semiclassical approximation. For the closed string sector a gauge-fixing of the
residual world-sheet rigid translation symmetry of the light-cone gauge is
needed for the construction to be possible. The circular target-space loop
example is worked out explicitly.Comment: 12 page
Extragalactic Source Counts and Contributions to the Anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background. Predictions for the Planck Surveyor mission
We present predictions for the counts of extragalactic sources, the
contributions to fluctuations and their spatial power spectrum in each channel
foreseen for the Planck Surveyor (formerly COBRAS/SAMBA) mission. The
contribution to fluctuations due to clustering of both radio and far--IR
sources is found to be generally small in comparison with the Poisson term;
however the relative importance of the clustering contribution increases and
may eventually become dominant if sources are identified and subtracted down to
faint flux limits. The central Planck frequency bands are expected to be
``clean'': at high galactic latitude (|b|>20), where the reduced galactic noise
does not prevent the detection of the extragalactic signal, only a tiny
fraction of pixels is found to be contaminated by discrete extragalactic
sources. Moreover, removal of contaminating signals is eased by the substantial
difference between their power spectrum and that of primordial fluctuations.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, mn.sty, 8 figures included, MNRAS, in the press.
Minor changes in the text. Sections 3.1 and 3.2 have been expanded. Source
counts in Table 2 have been slightly changed. Figure 1,2,7 and 8 have been
replaced by new version
The success-index: an alternative approach to the h-index for evaluating an individual's research output
Among the most recent bibliometric indicators for normalizing the differences among fields of science in terms of citation behaviour, Kosmulski (J Informetr 5(3):481-485, 2011) proposed the NSP (number of successful paper) index. According to the authors, NSP deserves much attention for its great simplicity and immediate meaning— equivalent to those of the h-index—while it has the disadvantage of being prone to manipulation and not very efficient in terms of statistical significance. In the first part of the paper, we introduce the success-index, aimed at reducing the NSP-index's limitations, although requiring more computing effort. Next, we present a detailed analysis of the success-index from the point of view of its operational properties and a comparison with the h-index's ones. Particularly interesting is the examination of the success-index scale of measurement, which is much richer than the h-index's. This makes success-index much more versatile for different types of analysis—e.g., (cross-field) comparisons of the scientific output of (1) individual researchers, (2) researchers with different seniority, (3) research institutions of different size, (4) scientific journals, etc
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