167 research outputs found
PEN: a low energy test of lepton universality
Allowed charged meson decays are characterized by simple dynamics, few
available decay channels, mainly into leptons, and extremely well controlled
radiative and loop corrections. In that sense, pion decays represent a
veritable triumph of the standard model (SM) of elementary particles and
interactions. This relative theoretical simplicity makes charged pion decays a
sensitive means for testing the underlying symmetries and the universality of
weak fermion couplings, as well as for studying pion structure and chiral
dynamics. Even after considerable recent improvements, experimental precision
is lagging far behind that of the theoretical description for pion decays. We
review the current state of experimental study of the pion electronic decay
, or , where the
indicates inclusion and explicit treatment of radiative decay events. We
briefly review the limits on non-SM processes arising from the present level of
experimental precision in decays. Focusing on the PEN
experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland, we examine the
prospects for further improvement in the near term.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures; paper presented at the XIII International
Conference on Heavy Quarks and Leptons, 22-27 May 2016, Blacksburg, Virginia,
US
Between God and self: exploring the attachment to God and authenticity/inauthenticity tendencies of South African Christian youths
Spin decoherence and off-resonance behavior of radiofrequency-driven spin rotations in storage rings
Radiofrequency-driven resonant spin rotators are routinely used as standard
instruments in polarization experiments in particle and nuclear physics.
Maintaining the continuous exact parametric spin-resonance condition of the
equality of the spin rotator and the spin precession frequency during operation
constitutes one of the challenges. We present a detailed analytic description
of the impact of detuning the exact spin resonance on the vertical and the
in-plane precessing components of the polarization. An important part of the
formalism presented here is the consideration of experimentally relevant
spin-decoherence effects. We discuss applications of the developed formalism to
the interpretation of the experimental data on the novel pilot bunch approach
to control the spin-resonance condition during the operation of the
radiofrequency-driven Wien filter that is used as a spin rotator in the first
direct deuteron electric dipole moment measurement at COSY. We emphasize the
potential importance of the hitherto unexplored phase of the envelope of the
horizontal polarization as an indicator of the stability of the
radiofrequency-driven spin rotations in storage rings. The work presented here
serves as a satellite publication to the work published concurrently on the
proof of principle experiment about the so-called pilot bunch approach that was
developed to provide co-magnetometry for the deuteron electric dipole moment
experiment at COSY.Comment: 31 pages, 10 figures, 5 table
Pilot bunch and co-magnetometry of polarized particles stored in a ring
In polarization experiments at storage rings, one of the challenges is to
maintain the spin-resonance condition of a radio-frequency spin rotator with
the spin-precessions of the orbiting particles. Time-dependent variations of
the magnetic fields of ring elements lead to unwanted variations of the spin
precession frequency. We report here on a solution to this problem by shielding
(or masking) one of the bunches stored in the ring from the high-frequency
fields of the spin rotator, so that the masked pilot bunch acts as a
co-magnetometer for the other signal bunch, tracking fluctuations in the ring
on a time scale of about one second. While the new method was developed
primarily for searches of electric dipole moments of charged particles, it may
have far-reaching implications for future spin physics facilities, such as the
EIC and NICA.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures + references + supplemental material (6 pages, 2
figures, 6 tables + references
Stage-dependent survival in relation to timing of fledging in a migratory passerine, the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe)
Effect of methylimidazole on cellulose/ionic liquid solutions and regenerated material therefrom
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