Health and Individual and Community Characteristics: A Research Protocol

Population health policies tend to target communities to enhance the health status of individuals. However, little is known about the effects of community or socio-economic environmental variables on individual health characteristics and behaviour patterns. This paper outlines procedures designed to examine the contribution of context in producing health.health policy

A Vision of Health and Human Rights for the 21st Century: A Continuing Discussion with Stephen P. Marks

Professor Marks offers an eloquent vision of health and human rights in the 21st Century. As the Director of the Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights, Professor Marks ably carries the torch that Jonathan Mann lit in the field until his tragic death on September 2, 1998. Professor Marks stands along with the leading figures in health and human rights - e.g., Audrey Chapman, Sofia Gruskin, Michael Kirby, Daniel Tarantola, Brigit Toebes, Katarina Tomasevski, and Virginia Leary

The Bernstein Center of a p-adic Unipotent Group

Francois Rodier proved that it is possible to view smooth representations of certain totally disconnected abelian groups (the underlying additive group of a finite-dimensional p-adic vector space, for example) as sheaves on the Pontryagin dual group. For nonabelian totally disconnected groups, the appropriate dual space necessarily includes representations which are not one-dimensional, and does not carry a group structure. The general definition of the topology on the dual space is technically unwieldy, so we provide three different characterizations of this topology for a large class of totally disconnected groups (which includes, for example, p-adic unipotent groups), each with a somewhat different flavor. We then use these results to demonstrate some formal similarities between smooth representations and sheaves on the dual space, including a concrete description of the Bernstein center of the category of smooth representations

Form and function in hillslope hydrology : in situ imaging and characterization of flow-relevant structures

Thanks to Elly Karle and the Engler-BunteInstitute, KIT, for the IC measurements of bromide. We are grateful to Selina Baldauf, Marcel Delock, Razije Fiden, Barbara Herbstritt, Lisei Köhn, Jonas Lanz, Francois Nyobeu, Marvin Reich and Begona Lorente Sistiaga for their support in the lab and during fieldwork, as well as Markus Morgner and Jean Francois Iffly for technical support and Britta Kattenstroth for hydrometeorological data acquisition. Laurent Pfister and Jean-Francois Iffly from the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) are acknowledged for organizing the permissions for the experiments. Moreover, we thank Markus Weiler (University of Freiburg) for his strong support during the planning of the hillslope experiment and the preparation of the manuscript. This study is part of the DFG-funded CAOS project “From Catchments as Organised Systems to Models based on Dynamic Functional Units” (FOR 1598). The manuscript was substantially improved based on the critical and constructive comments of the anonymous reviewers, Christian Stamm and Alexander Zimmermann, and the editor Ross Woods during the open review process, which is highly appreciated.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Hard pion and prompt photon at RHIC, from single to double inclusive production

Single pion and prompt photon large transverse momentum spectra in p-p and Au-Au collisions are computed in perturbative QCD at RHIC energy, s^1/2 = 200 GeV. Next-to-leading order calculations are discussed and compared with p-p scattering data. Subsequently, quenching factors are computed to leading order for both pions and photons within the same energy loss model. The good agreement with PHENIX preliminary data allows for a lower estimate of the energy density reached in central Au-Au collisions, epsilon > 10 GeV/fm^3. Double inclusive photon-pion production in p-p and Au-Au collisions is then addressed. Next-to-leading order corrections prove rather small in p-p scattering. In Au-Au collisions, the quenching of momentum-correlation spectra is seen to be sensitive to parton energy loss processes, which would help to understand how the fragmentation dynamics is modified in nuclear collisions at RHIC.Comment: 31 pages, 11 figure

Probing QCD (media) with prompt photons

The QCD phenomenology of prompt photon production from e-p to p-p/p-pbar and A-A collisions is reviewed. The use of prompt photons as a probe of (i) parton distribution functions (in a proton or in nuclei) as well as (ii) fragmentation functions (into photons and hadrons) and their medium-modifications is highlighted.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures. Invited talk given at Photon 2009, DESY, 11-15 May 200

Enhanced Volatile Organic Compounds emissions and organic aerosol mass increase the oligomer content of atmospheric aerosols

open25openKourtchev, Ivan; Giorio, Chiara; Manninen, Antti; Wilson, Eoin; Mahon, Brendan; Aalto, Juho; Kajos, Maija; Venables, Dean; Ruuskanen, Taina; Levula, Janne; Loponen, Matti; Connors, Sarah; Harris, Neil; Zhao, Defeng; Kiendler-Scharr, Astrid; Mentel, Thomas; Rudich, Yinon; Hallquist, Mattias; Doussin, Jean-Francois; Maenhaut, Willy; Bäck, Jaana; Petäjä, Tuukka; Wenger, John; Kulmala, Markku; Kalberer, MarkusKourtchev, Ivan; Giorio, Chiara; Manninen, Antti; Wilson, Eoin; Mahon, Brendan; Aalto, Juho; Kajos, Maija; Venables, Dean; Ruuskanen, Taina; Levula, Janne; Loponen, Matti; Connors, Sarah; Harris, Neil; Zhao, Defeng; Kiendler-Scharr, Astrid; Mentel, Thomas; Rudich, Yinon; Hallquist, Mattias; Doussin, Jean-Francois; Maenhaut, Willy; Bäck, Jaana; Petäjä, Tuukka; Wenger, John; Kulmala, Markku; Kalberer, Marku

Quenching of photon and pion spectra at intermediate RHIC energy

Single prompt photon and pion spectra in p-p and Au-Au collisions at intermediate RHIC energy, s^1/2 = 62.4 GeV, are computed at large transverse momentum in perturbative QCD. Next-to-leading order calculations in p-p scattering are first presented. The quenching of the prompt photon and pion yield due to energy loss processes in central Au-Au with respect to p-p collisions is then predicted. At this energy, the small phase-space available to produce hard partons makes the pion quenching almost as pronounced as at s^1/2 = 200 GeV, despite the smaller gluon density of the produced medium. In the photon sector, energy loss effects prove small because of this very phase-space restriction, which favours the direct production channel. A significant suppression of high-pt photons is however predicted, because of a strong isospin effect together with the depletion of nuclear parton densities at large x.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Finitely generated powers of prime ideals

Let R be a commutative ring. If P is a maximal ideal of R whose a power is finitely generated then we prove that P is finitely generated if R is either locally coherent or arithmetical or a polynomial ring over a ring of global dimension $\le$ 2. And if P is a prime ideal of R whose a power is finitely generated then we show that P is finitely generated if R is either a reduced coherent ring or a polynomial ring over a reduced arithmetical ring. These results extend a theorem of Roitman, published in 2001, on prime ideals of coherent integral domains