STUDY ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF HERBICIDES WITH HIGH SELECTIVITY TO ENSURE CULTURAL HYGIENE IN GRAIN SORGHUM CROPS

The integrated management of weeds uses a combination of biological, cultural, mechanical and chemical measures to combat the weeds in order to maximize the economic profits. Integrated management strategies for cultural hygiene are not sufficiently developed for selective herbicides in order to combat weeds for Sorghum bicolor (L.). The efficacy of the applied herbicides was tested using the Abbott’s formula, and the most effective in controlling weeds in the grain sorghum culture for the Caracal Plain area was found to be the Trek P 334 SE herbicide, with a value of 97.21%, followed by Gardoprim Plus with a calculated coefficient of 95.33% and the herbicide Wing P whose value was 94.15%. The lowest coefficient was recorded for the Casper herbicide, 73.28%. The level of productions made this year in the herbicide experiment using the Alizee hybrid range between 3092 kg/ha at the Control variant and 8150 kg/ha when the Trek P 334 SE herbicide was applied. The increases recorded in all variants with herbicides, regardless of the active substance contained, have achieved very significant increases in production in comparison with the Control variant

SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON CEREALS PRODUCTION IN THE COUNTY OF DOLJ (2014-2016)

The paper refers to cereal crops cultivated in Dolj county during the 2014-2016 period, of which individualize: wheat and rye, barley and two row barley, oats, grain maize, sorghum and "other cereals". Within the total county surface of 317.841 ha, wheat and rye predominate, grain maize (weights of 58.14 and 30.06% respectively), followed at an appreciable distance of barley and two row barley (weight of 8.54%).The county has a total production of 1,109,568.67 tons of grain, to which the most contributed were the wheat and rye (54.17% - less weight than the surface), the grain maize (34.86% - the weight larger than the surface) respectively barley and two row barley (8.40% - less weight than the cultivated area).Compared with the average production (general level) of 3,488 kg / ha, there are exceedances of "other cereals" and grain maize, as well as lower levels of barley and wheat, wheat and rye, oats and sorghum respectively

SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON THE PRODUCTION OF TOMATOES IN THE COUNTY OF TELEORMAN (2014-2016)

For Teleorman County, the primary tomato offer is based on data on cultivated area, total production and average production.The area evolved downward, decreasing by 1.41% in 2015 (from 1,627 ha in 2014 to 1,604 ha), then decreasing by 8.18%, 1,494 ha in 2016.Tomato production experienced a non-uniform evolution, which is characterized by an increase of 2.27% in 2015 (from 20,462 tons to 20,927 tons) in order to decrease by 14.48% in 2016, 17,500 tons.Average yield per hectare had an uneven evolution, rising by 3.74% in 2015 compared to 2014 (from 12.577 kg / ha to 13.047 kg / ha), with a difference of 6.86% (11.714 kg / ha in 2016).

Ring Autosomes: Some Unexpected Findings

Ring chromosomes are rare entities, usually associated with phenotypic abnormalities in correlation with the loss of genetic material. There are various breakpoints and sometimes there is a dynamic mosaicism that is reflected in clinical features. Most of the ring chromosomes are de novo occurrences. Our study reflects the experience of three Romanian cytogenetic laboratories in the field of ring chromosomes. We present six cases with ring chromosomes involving chromosomes 5, 13, 18, and 21. All ring chromosomes were identified after birth in children with plurimalformative syndromes. The ring chromosome was present in mosaic form in three cases, and this feature reflects the ring’s instability. In case of ring chromosome 5, we report a possible association with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum