FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LORNOXICAM MICROSPONGES USING EUDRAGIT RS 100 AND EUDRAGIT RSPO

Objective: The objective of the present study was preparation and evaluation of lornoxicam microsponges to prolong their drug release up to 12 h for effective osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute lumbar-sciatica therapy.Methods: Lornoxicam microsponges were prepared by the quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion technique using different concentrations of polymers such as Eudragit RS 100 and Eudragit RSPO in ethanol and dichloromethane organic solvent mixture. Microsponges were evaluated for their particle size, percentage yield, entrapment efficiency, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and in vitro drug release studies.Results: The percentage yield, entrapment efficiency, average particle size, and in vitro drug release for optimized formulation F12 were found to be 70.23% w/w, 81.34% w/w, 172.72 μm, and 96.64% up to 8 h, respectively. From SEM, it was observed that microsponges were found to be spherical in shape with rough surface texture. The formulation F12 shows zero-order release kinetics with an r2 value of 0.961 and the value of Korsmeyer–Peppas model was found to be 0.792; it follows super case II non-Fickian diffusion. The in vitro drug release studies showed that formulations comprised varying concentrations of Eudragit RSPO in higher proportion exhibited much-retarded drug release as compared to formulations comprised a higher proportion of varying concentrations of Eudragit RS 100.Conclusion: Among all the formulations F12 shows better results, which are released more than 80% of the drug release within 8 h; hence, it is optimized. These developed microsponges are releasing the drug for a longer period, which will be effective for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute lumbar sciatica therapy

AN OVERVIEW OF DRUG INFORMATION CENTER – FUNCTIONS AND CHALLENGES IN INDIA

Drug information has been providing data on drugs that are being used in the health-care system. It also bears dosing, adverse drug reactions (ADRs), side effects, pharmacokinetic parameters and educating the health-care professionals and managing drug shortage, identifying alternative treatments, and developing alternative protocols for restrictive use. The Moto of drug information is to contribute genuine, precise, appropriate, impartial drug information to the patients, nursing staff, practicing physician, pharmacist, and other health-care professional. Drug information regularly responds to inquiries from patients, health-care professionals. The drug information center routinely receives queries from hospital staff, patients, and responds to queries regarding ADRs, drug interactions, pharmacokinetic parameters of drugs, and information on new drugs available in the market. Drug information services help in improving patient safety, minimizing drug-related issues to the patient, and rational use of drugs by both physician and patient. Drug information services are providing unambiguous data with a well-trained and registered clinical pharmacist. Most of the developed countries are using this service successfully. In well-developed countries, these centers provide accurate and up to date drug information to health-care professionals within minutes. However, developing countries like India need to pay more attention to the services. Information present in this paper not only enlightens the drug information services but also on the future aspects that need to be taken