Rosai-Dorfman Disease Originating from Nasal Septal Mucosa

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rarely seen disease with unknown etiology. Extranodal involvement is most commonly seen in the head and neck region. Histopathologically, it is characterized by histiocytic cell proliferation. This paper presents a case of a 15-year-old male patient who presented with nasal obstruction and was surgically treated for a mass filling in the left nasal meatus that was diagnosed to be Rosai-Dorfman disease by histopathological examination

Ameliorative impacts of floral extract of Salvia species on oxidative stress and inflammation in rats renal ischemia/reperfusion

91-100I/R injury is a potentially serious problem that is encountered during a variety of medical and surgical procedures, such as thrombolytic therapy, organ transplantation and coronary angioplasty, The basic pathophysiology of I/R injury is microvascular dysfunction which is developed following reperfusion of ischemic tissues. It has clinical importance because of its frequent occurrence and mortality in some surgical conditions such as renal transplantation. Here, we investigated the protective effect of Salvia extracts on kidneys against I/R injury. Forty Spraque Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups. Right nephrectomy was performed to all groups. Gr. I, control; Gr. II, I/R; Gr. III & IV, I/R+50 and I/R+100 mg/kg Salvia floral extract; and Gr. V with I/R+50 mg/kg Rosmarinic acid. Salvia and Rosmarinic acid for 7 days was given single dose as a gavage.60 min ischemia, 60 min reperfusion were applied to groups except control. Intracardiac blood samples were taken, Blood urea nitrogen, creatine, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide and chitotriosidase levels were detected. Mean values were evaluated by statistical analysis. The renal tissues were examined under light microscopy. Based on our biochemical and histological data, Salvia floral extract has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects against renal structure and function

Factors Affecting the Outcome in Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Objective: To define risk factors affecting the outcome in traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage.Material and Methods: Forty-four patients with traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage were evaluated retrospectively. They were divided into three groups according to their age: elderly (≥65 years), adult (16- 64 years), and children (<16 years). The clinical picture on admission was evaluated using the Glasgow Coma Scale. The patients were also divided into three groups according to their coma grading on admission: mild injury (Glasgow Coma Scale score 13-15), moderate injury (8-12), and severe injury (3-7). The amount of subarachnoid blood shown in computerized tomography was evaluated according to the Fisher index, and additional tomography findings were recorded. At last follow-up, presence of headache and neurological deficits as well as return to work or school were investigated, and the last clinical picture was evaluated with the Glasgow Outcome Scale.Results: There were 11 children, 23 adults and 10 elderly patients. Twelve patients died between 1-49 days after trauma; the others were followed for a mean of 14.6 months (from 10 to 30 months). In the children group, Glasgow Coma Scale score was significantly higher (p=0.004), subarachnoid blood amount was significantly lesser, and Glasgow Outcome Scale score was significantly better compared to the other groups. For all groups, higher trauma severity on admission was associated with higher Fisher index (p=0.016). Most important factors affecting clinical results were severity of head injury on admission (p=0.0001), Fisher index (p=0.003), and presence of additional findings on computerized tomography (p=0.0001).Conclusion: Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage usually has a good clinical outcome in children; however, in elderly patients, the outcome is worse, and there are usually additional intracranial traumatic lesions. Most important factors affecting outcome are blood amount on first computerized tomography, head trauma severity, and presence of additional intracranial traumatic lesions

Evaluation of proximal humeral epiphysis ossification in 3.0 T MR images according to the Dedouit staging method: Is it be used for age of majority?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for forensic age estimation is among the research issues since it does not lead to radiation exposure. In this study, the ossification stage of the proximal humeral epiphysis was determined retrospectively in 178 male and 109 female individuals in the 12 to 30-year age group using 3.0 T MRI. All images were evaluated with the proton density fat saturated turbo spin echo (PD TSE FS) sequence and the T2 TSE FS sequence. A five-stage scoring system was used following the method of Dedouit et al. The relevant statistics were defined as minimum, maximum, mean +/- standard deviation, 95% confidence interval of mean and median and the intra- and interobserver agreement levels were very good (kappa > 0.80). There were no significant age differences between males and females in any of the stages (all p-values>0.05). According to the present study, stage 5 was initially observed at age 22 years for both genders. According to our results, it is possible to determine the completion of the 18th year of life in either gender on the shoulder joint. Proximal humeral epiphysis ossification may be used as an additional method for forensic age estimation through MRI.WOS:0006136185000142-s2.0-85097751141PubMed: 3333880

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Attitudes to Fer-tility and Childbearing Scale (AFCS)

This study, a descriptive and methodological type of research, was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish adaptation of the Attitudes to Fertility and Childbearing Scale (AFCS), developed by Soderberg et al. (2015). The sample of this study consisted of 224 women who had not given birth yet and who were between the ages of 20-30. The scale is a Likert-type measuring instrument consisting of 21 items, in three dimensions. Internal consistency analyses were conducted to determine its reliability. After confirming the linguistic validity, expert opinions were obtained for the content validity. Furthermore, the Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and the Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI) were used to assess its content validity. The construct validity was performed using confirmatory factor analysis. As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis carried out for the construct validity, a three-factor structure of the scale was found to have a good level of model fitness indices (RMSEA=.067, SRMR=.075, CFI=.96). As a result of the scale reliability analysis, the internal consistency coefficient was found to be .82 for the total scale and internal consistency reliability coefficients of the sub-scales were found to be .93 for the importance of fertility for the future sub-scale, .87 for the childbearing as a hindrance at present sub-scale, and .81 for the social identity sub-scale. AFCS is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to measure the fertility and childbearing attitudes of women in a fertile age

Effect of Hypertonic Saline during Flexible Nasopharyngeal Laryngoscopy: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Objectives Flexible nasopharyngeal laryngoscopy (NPL) is a cost-effective, simple procedure that provides visualization of the nasal airways. However, it involves a number of challenges for both the clinician and the patient. Hypertonic saline nasal wash is used to prevent nasal secretion in acute/chronic sinusitis and after nasal surgery. We aimed to determine the efficacy of hypertonic saline by comparing the clinician’s and patients’ experiences during NPL. Methods This prospective, double-blinded, randomized, controlled study was performed at a tertiary referral university hospital. Two hundred patients were randomly divided into hypertonic saline, lidocaine, xylometazoline, and isotonic saline groups. During NPL, the clinician’s experiences in terms of the quality of the field of view and the patients’ experiences in terms of pain and discomfort resulting from the 4 premedication drugs were compared. Results The groups differed significantly in terms of the clinician’s field of view, and patients’ pain scores and levels of discomfort (P < 0.025). The field of view results were the highest in the hypertonic saline group, and the lowest in the lidocaine group. The pain scores were the lowest in the lidocaine group, whereas they were the highest in the hypertonic saline group. The discomfort scores were the lowest in the xylometazoline group, but the highest in the lidocaine and isotonic saline groups. Conclusion The use of hypertonic saline facilitated the NPL procedure by improving the clinician’s field of view. Moreover, intranasal hypertonic saline reduced the patient’s discomfort. Intranasal hypertonic saline can be a good alternative to premedication before NPL

Knowledge and Behavior of University Students toward Human Papillomavirus and Vaccination

Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. This study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitude of university students toward HPV infection and vaccine prevention in Turkey. Methods: A total of 1563 female and male university students participated in the study. The study design was descriptive and cross-sectional. The study included students enrolled in the departments of faculties and vocational schools. Results: In total, 16.8% of students stated that they had heard of HPV. There was a statistically significant relationship between the mean awareness of HPV and different variables, such as age, gender, marital status, family history of cancer, and conversation about sexual matters (P < 0.01). As the age of the students increased, the chance of hearing about HPV also increased. Of all the students, 1.5% took HPV vaccination. Furthermore, 87.7% of the female students stated that they had heard of cervical cancer. Conclusions: The depth of knowledge among Turkish university students toward cervical cancer, HPV infection, and vaccination was inadequate. It is important to provide educational and counseling services by nurses to make university students aware of HPV infection and vaccination

Decreased antioxidant capacity and increased oxidative stress in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Purpose: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a common rheumatic disease in children which has three types. Systemic type goes with fever oligoarticular type involving joints are less than five and the polyarticular type more than five joints involved. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in its pathogenesis. The ROS generated damage proteins, lipids and serve to amplify the signaling pathways sustaining the synovitis. Enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase protect cellular systems from ROS. Our hypothesis is; patients with JIA could have defective defense mechanisms against ROS, which can vary from one type to other. Patients and Methods: We investigated antioxidant status including plasma SOD, catalase and serum ceruloplasmin levels in 25 JIA patients. Also, malondialdehyde (MDA), a product generated by the oxygenation of arachidonic acid, levels were measured. Results: Three patients had systemic; 10 with oligoarticular and 12 with polyarticular JİA and control subject number is 20. Plasma SOD and catalase levels were lower, ceruloplasmin and MDA levels were higher were higher in the study group than in controls. There were a negative correlation between catalase, MDA and SOD levels in patients. In between JIA types; the lowest catalase and ceruloplasmin levels were found in oligoarticular type. Conclusively, present study suggested that patients with JIA have decreased antioxidant capacity and defective defense mechanism against ROS and this could be more evident in patients with oligoarticular JIA. In addition, elevated ceruloplasmin levels do not seem to protect against ROS in JIA

Evaluation of knee ossification on 1.5 T magnetic resonance images using the method of Vieth et al. A retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive method with the absence of ionizing radiation exposure and is therefore, preferable in studies for forensic age estimation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of ossification of the knee in a Turkish population following the Vieth et al. method. We scanned 709 Turkish patients in the age bracket 12-27 years utilizing a T1weighted (T1W) turbo spin echo sequence (TSE) and a T2-W TSE sequence with fat suppression by spectral presaturation with inversion recovery. Minimum, maximum, mean +/- standard deviation andmedian values were defined. Intraobserver and interobserver correlations were determined (Cohen's kappa). The statistical relevance of sex-related differences was analyzed (Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, p< 0.05, exact test, two-sided). The kappa statisticswere relatively high, indicating very good agreement for interobserver and intraobserver evaluations. Comparison of male and female data revealed significant between-gender differences for most stages (p< 0.05). The earliest mean ages at which ossification of stages 4, 5 and 6 were evident in the distal femoral epiphysis were 14.84, 15.81, and 20.76 years in males and 13.77, 14.77, and 20.45 years in females, respectively. Proximal tibial epiphysis of stages 4, 5, and 6 ossification was first noted at ages 13.57, 15.59, and 18.91 years in males and 13.29, 14.38, and 16.87 years in females, respectively. In the distal femoral epiphysis, stage 6 was found at 20 years of age for both genders and it can be employed to differentiate above and below the majority age cut-off.WOS:0005833942000012-s2.0-8509382338