Characterization of submicron aerosol chemical composition and sources in the coastal area of Central Chile

Chemical characteristics and the sources of submicron particles (<1 mu m in diameter) were investigated in Valle Alegre, the coastal area of Central Chile. The chemical composition of particles was studied by using a Soot particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer. Submicron particles were dominated by organics (42% of mass) and sulfate (39% of mass) while the mass fractions of ammonium, nitrate and black carbon were much smaller (13, 2 and 4% of mass, respectively). Additionally, several metals (V, Zn, Fe, Cd, Cu, K, Na and Mg) were detected in submicron particles and also some of their inorganic salts (e.g. NaCl+, MgCl2+, CaCl2+, KCl+ and KNO3+). The sources of particles were examined by using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF). Organic aerosol (OA) was divided into five factors by using PMF; hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), biomass burning OA (BBOA), low-volatility oxygenated OA (LV-OOA), semi-volatile OA (SV-OOA) and marine oxygenated OOA (MOOA), Oxygenated factors (LV-OOA; SV-OOA and MOOA) comprised 75% of total OA with LV-OOA being the dominant factor (38% of OA). Sulfate had two major sources in Valle Alegre; similar to 70% of sulfate was related to anthropogenic sources through the oxidation of gas phase SO2 whereas similar to 24% of sulfate was associated with biogenic origin related to the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide in the marine environment. Regarding total submicron particle mass (campaign-average 9.5 mu g m(-3)), the contribution of anthropogenic sources was at least as large as that of biogenic origin.Peer reviewe

Implementation of synthetic fast-ion loss detector and imaging heavy ion beam probe diagnostics in the 3D hybrid kinetic-MHD code MEGA

A synthetic fast-ion loss (FIL) detector and an imaging Heavy Ion Beam Probe (i-HIBP) have been implemented in the 3D hybrid kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic code MEGA. First synthetic measurements from these two diagnostics have been obtained for neutral beam injection-driven Alfvén Eigenmode (AE) simulated with MEGA. The synthetic FILs show a strong correlation with the AE amplitude. This correlation is observed in the phase-space, represented in coordinates (P, E), being toroidal canonical momentum and energy, respectively. FILs and the energy exchange diagrams of the confined population are connected with lines of constant E, a linear combination of E and P. First i-HIBP synthetic signals also have been computed for the simulated AE, showing displacements in the strike line of the order of ∼1 mm, above the expected resolution in the i-HIBP scintillator of ∼100 μm.This work received funding from the European Starting Grant (ERC) from project 3D-FIREFLUC and from the Spanish Ministry of Science under Grant No. FPU19/02267. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 and 2019-2020 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission

Implementation of synthetic fast-ion loss detector and imaging heavy ion beam probe diagnostics in the 3D hybrid kinetic-MHD code MEGA

A synthetic fast-ion loss (FIL) detector and an imaging Heavy Ion Beam Probe (i-HIBP) have been implemented in the 3D hybrid kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic code MEGA. First synthetic measurements from these two diagnostics have been obtained for neutral beam injection-driven Alfvén Eigenmode (AE) simulated with MEGA. The synthetic FILs show a strong correlation with the AE amplitude. This correlation is observed in the phase-space, represented in coordinates (Pϕ, E), being toroidal canonical momentum and energy, respectively. FILs and the energy exchange diagrams of the confined population are connected with lines of constant E′, a linear combination of E and Pϕ. First i-HIBP synthetic signals also have been computed for the simulated AE, showing displacements in the strike line of the order of ∼1 mm, above the expected resolution in the i-HIBP scintillator of ∼100 μm.European Starting Grant (ERC) from project 3D-FIREFLUCSpanish Ministry of Science under Grant No. FPU19/02267EUROfusion Consortium grant agreement No 63305

Non-linear hybrid kinetic-MHD simulations of ELMs in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

EUROfusion Consortium 63305

Factores psicosociales que inciden en el bajo rendimiento académico en los estudiantes de grado sexto de la institución educativa técnica ciudad Ibagué comuna trece año 2012 - 2013.

Diario de campo, entrevista, Meta PlanUn equipo de estudiantes de la facultad de psicología de la UNAD (Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia) inicia en el año 2012 un proyecto de investigación que tiene como centro de estudio, los factores psicosociales que afectan el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes cursantes de grado sexto de la institución educativa técnica ciudad Ibagué comuna trece. Dichos factores psicosociales son enfocados hacia: la familia, docente, motivacional y pares debido a la contextualización en la que se encuentra un estudiante en particular; su entorno del día a día. Los instrumentos de medición para la recolección de datos y observación del caso incluyen entrevistas abiertas, semi-estructuradas y diario de Campo. La investigación se desarrolla en cuatro fases: diseño, ejecución, interpretación y discusión y por último socialización en el orden respectivo. Los datos obtenidos revelan que en la comuna trece del barrio Boquerón de Ibagué, el factor con mayor predominancia en la afectación del rendimiento académico del estudiantado del grado sexto es el Familiar, ya que en un gran porcentaje de los núcleos familiares de estudiantes evaluados, los padres no habitan en sus hogares debido a exigencias laborales de los mismos, así como también se manifiesta carencia de acompañamiento y motivación hacia la parte educativa por lo cual el alumno refleja conflictos disciplinarios producto de sus desequilibrios emocionales, de personalidad, identidad, autonomía ó referente a enfrentarse al mundo e interactuar con asertividad a la sociedad.A team of students from the psychology department of UNAD (National Open University and Distance) initiated in 2012 a research project whose center study, psychosocial factors affecting the academic performance of sixth grade students taking technical educational institution Ibague city commune thirteen. These psychosocial factors are focused on the family, teacher, motivation and peers because of contextualization in which there is a particular student, his everyday environment. Measuring instruments for data collection and observation of the case include open interviews, semi-structured field diary. The research is conducted in four phases: design, execution, interpretation and discussion and finally socialization in the respective order. These data reveal that in the parish thirteen Boquerón Ibague neighborhood, the most predominant factor in affecting academic performance of sixth grade students is the Family, since a large percentage of households of students tested, the parents do not live in their homes due to job demands of them, and also manifest lack of support and motivation toward the education for which the student disciplinary conflicts product reflects their emotional imbalances, personality, identity, autonomy or respect to face the world and interact with society assertiveness

Non-Linear 3D Hybrid Kinetic-MHD Simulations of Alfvén Eigenmodes in the ASDEX Upgrade Tokamak

EUROfusion Consortium 63305

Development of a RAD-Seq Based DNA Polymorphism Identification Software, AgroMarker Finder, and Its Application in Rice Marker-Assisted Breeding

Abstract Rapid and accurate genome-wide marker detection is essential to the marker-assisted breeding and functional genomics studies. In this work, we developed an integrated software, AgroMarker Finder (AMF: http://erp.novelbio.com/AMF), for providing graphical user interface (GUI) to facilitate the recently developed restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing data analysis in rice. By application of AMF, a total of 90,743 high-quality markers (82,878 SNPs and 7,865 InDels) were detected between rice varieties JP69 and Jiaoyuan5A. The density of the identified markers is 0.2 per Kb for SNP markers, and 0.02 per Kb for InDel markers. Sequencing validation revealed that the accuracy of genome-wide marker detection by AMF is 93%. In addition, a validated subset of 82 SNPs and 31 InDels were found to be closely linked to 117 important agronomic trait genes, providing a basis for subsequent marker-assisted selection (MAS) and variety identification. Furthermore, we selected 12 markers from 31 validated InDel markers to identify seed authenticity of variety Jiaoyuanyou69, and we also identified 10 markers closely linked to the fragrant gene BADH2 to minimize linkage drag for Wuxiang075 (BADH2 donor)/Jiachang1 recombinants selection. Therefore, this software provides an efficient approach for marker identification from RAD-seq data, and it would be a valuable tool for plant MAS and variety protection